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Gallbladder cancer:Progress in the Indian subcontinent

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第6期15卷 695-716页

作者： Ashok kumar Yajnadatta Sarangi Annapurna gupta Aarti Sharma Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia Division of Haematology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054United States

Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is one of the commonest biliary malignancies seen in India,Argentina,and *** disease has dismal outcome as it is detected quite late due to nonspecific symptoms and *** detection is the only way to improve the *** have been several advances in basic as well as clinical research in the hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases in the West and other developed countries but not enough has been done in ***,it is imp-ortant and the responsibility of the countries with high burden of GBC to find solutions to the many unanswered questions like etiopathogenesis,early diagn-osis,treatment,and *** India being one of the largest hubs for GBC in the world,it is important to know how the country has progressed on *** this review,we will discuss the outcome of the publications from India highlighting the work and the developments taken place in past several decades both in basic and clinical research.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer India basic research Clinical research Surgery Therapeutics

Choosing ankle tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery: Beyond postoperative pain considerations

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 828-830页

作者： Samir Ghandour Vijay kumar Jain Ashim gupta The Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of BalamandBeirut 1100Lebanon Department of Orthopaedics Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical SciencesDr Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalNew DelhiDelhi 110001India Department of Orthopaedics and regenerative Medicine Future BiologicsLawrencevilleGA 30043United States

This editorial critically explores the use of ankle vs thigh tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery based on a recent study that found no significant difference in postoperative pain between the two placement *** these findings,we argue for the preferential use of ankle tourniquets,highlighting their potential benefits in reducing venous blood stasis and minimizing soft tissue *** approach underscores the importance of considering long-term patient outcomes and vascular health beyond immediate postoperative *** integrating study findings with broader clinical considerations,we hereby advocate for a nuanced approach to tourniquet use that prioritizes patient safety and long-term recovery in conjunction with immediate postoperative pain.

关键词： Lower extremity Deep venous thrombosis recovery Postoperative outco-mes Intraoperative decision-making

Molecular mechanisms of aflatoxin neurotoxicity and potential neuroprotective agents

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2445-2455页

作者： Chongshan Dai Erjie Tian Hui Li Subhajit Das gupta Zhihui Hao Zhanhui Wang Tony Velkov Jianzhong Shen National key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food SafetyCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642China College of Animal Science and Technology Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Beijing key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlBeijing 100013China Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas 75230USA Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of PharmacologyMonash UniversityVictoria 3800Australia

Aflatoxins(AFTs)represent one of the most notorious classes of deadly mycotoxins produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural *** are highly toxic to mammals and are known to cause a series of detrimental effects,including neuro-,hepato-,nephron-,and *** this original review we summarize the mechanisms of aflatoxin-induced neurotoxicity and the clinical potential of novel neuroprotective *** B1(AFB1)is the most toxic congener among the 21 identified *** studies have shown that food borne exposure to AFB1 and/or its metabolites often leads to fatal neurotoxicity in animals and *** studies indicated that AFB1 exposure could induce abnormal behavioral changes,including anxiety,lethargy disorders,depression-like behavior,cognitive,learning and memory defects,and decreased feeding ***,AFB1 exposure has been associated with lipid peroxidation,ablation of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems and decreased neurotransmitter ***1 exposure has also been shown to induce DNA damage,apoptosis,pyroptosis,and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain *** signaling pathways,including gasdermin D,toll like receptor 2(TLr2),TLr4,Akt,NF-κB,Erk/MAPk,protein kinase C(PkC),and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways have been shown to participate in AFB1-induced neuronal or astrocyte cell *** these pathways by small molecules(e.g.,quercetin,curcumin,and gallic acid,and dimethyl fumarate),Chinese herbal extracts(e.g.,Artichoke leaf extract,Chelidonium majus ethanolic extract,pumpkin extract,and Crocus sativus ***),and probiotic supplements could effectively improve AFB1-induced neurobehavioral abnormalities and *** date,the precise molecular mechanisms of AFB1-induced neurotoxicity and potential neuroprotective agents remain *** the present review,the clinical manifestations,molecular mechanisms,and potential neuroprotective agents of AFB1

关键词： Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) Neurotoxicity Molecular mechanisms Chemical preventions

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Ⅱ型(胰岛素非依赖型)糖尿病患者细胞内、外低镁水平状态

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德国医学 1994年第2期11卷 86-86页

作者： L.M.resnick B.T.Altura r.k.gupta J.H.Laragh M.H.Alderman B.M.Altura 向世勤 Cardiovaseular Center New York Hospital-Cornell Medical CenterNew YorkUSA Department of Physiology State University of New YorkBrooklynNew YorkUSA Departments of Epidemiology Physiology and BiophysicsAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA 同济医科大学附属同济医院

尽管镁在细胞内的代谢过程仍不十分清楚,但人们早就观察到,胰岛素能促进细胞对镁的摄取。正因如此,在胰岛素缺乏所致的急性糖尿病酮症酸中毒时,常规出现人体总体镁缺乏。然而,是否慢性稳定性糖尿病,尤其是Ⅱ型糖尿病也存在镁缺乏仍不清... 详细信息

尽管镁在细胞内的代谢过程仍不十分清楚,但人们早就观察到,胰岛素能促进细胞对镁的摄取。正因如此,在胰岛素缺乏所致的急性糖尿病酮症酸中毒时,常规出现人体总体镁缺乏。然而,是否慢性稳定性糖尿病,尤其是Ⅱ型糖尿病也存在镁缺乏仍不清楚。我们应用磷-磁共振光谱法、镁离子电极等检测了Ⅱ型糖尿病患者红细胞内、血清离子状态及血清总镁水平及其相关性。

关键词：糖尿病镁细胞 Ⅱ型

Dual ecological and socio-cultural fragmentation induced by hydropower dams: Case studies from the Greater Himalayan region of India

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Zoological research(Diversity and Conservation) 2024年第2期1卷 117-120页

作者： Garima gupta rahul kotiyal Isabel L.Jones Biological and Environmental Sciences University of StirlingScotland FK94LAUK Baramasa.in Narrating Himalaya 248001India

Climate change and biodiversity loss are pressing global challenges(Pörtner et al.,2021).However,as global energy demand continues to increase(IEA,2021),nations face significant challenges to decarbonization and reaching“net zero”due to trade-offs between the often-competing needs of renewable energy generation and biodiversity *** example,hydropower generates renewable energy(Gibson et al.,2017),yet there are well-documented and severe consequences of dam development for biodiversity(e.g.,Zarfl et al.,2019)and people(e.g.,Bisht,2009)due to reservoir creation and disruption of river *** such potentially damaging ecological and social trade-offs,hydropower currently contributes 70%of global renewable energy and there are at least 3700 large dams planned or under construction globally(Zhang&Gu,2023).

关键词： reservoir consequences globally

User Perspective of Misplaced PPIUCD and Factors resulting in PPIUCD removal: Qualitative Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第3期14卷 517-532页

作者： A. G. radhika rashmi gupta Pooja kashyap ravleen Bakshi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Dilshad Garden Delhi India GTB Hospital Delhi India Indian Council of Medical research Delhi India

Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of operative interventions for misplaced device among women who opted for PPIIUCD and the evaluation of reasons for PPIUCD removal within the follow up period of two years. Design: A descriptive exploratory study was conducted over three months among fourteen PPIUCD acceptors at a tertiary care health facility in Delhi, India. Face-to-face & telephonic in-depth interviews were conducted with a selected sample of PPIUCD acceptors who had later opted for its removal. results: Participants (n = 14) aged 24 – 40 exhibited generally positive attitudes towards PPIUCDs indicating an indicate an understanding of the importance of PPIUCD in preventing unintended pregnancies. Menstrual disturbance and misplaced IUCD were major reasons for removal. despite their own experience necessitating the removal of IUCD, positive experience by other family members (mothers in law) in this study helped to keep the confidence on the contraceptive. Themes included (a) general experience of PPIUCD use (b) Health Facility accessed for removal of IUCD (c) Would she recommend it to others? (d) preferred contraceptive after removal of IUCD. Conclusion: Misplaced IUCD, missing thread, menstrual irregularities, and pain are all associated with PPIUCD and are important reasons for dissatisfaction. Appropriate, timely and supportive individualized care that address knowledge gaps, societal perceptions, and healthcare system challenges would certainly help in reducing dissatisfaction due to PPIUCD and thereby the removal rates.

关键词： Postpartum Intrauterine Device PPIUCD LArC Long Acting reversible Contraception Postpartum Family Planning Contraception

Investigating computational models for diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis based on clinical parameters: Opportunities, challenges, and future research directions

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重症医学（英文） 2024年第4期04卷 468-477页

作者： gupta Jyotirmoy Majumder Amit kumar Sengupta Diganta Sultana Mahamuda Bhattacharya Suman Department of Computer Science and Engineering (IOTCSBT) Future Institute of Technology Kolkata West Bengal India Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Future Institute of Technology Kolkata West Bengal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Heritage Institute of Technology Kolkata West Bengal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Kolkata West Bengal India

This study investigates the use of computational frameworks for sepsis. We consider two dimensions for investigation - early diagnosis of sepsis (EDS) and mortality prediction rate for sepsis patients (MPS). We concentrate on the clinical parameters on which sepsis diagnosis and prognosis are currently done, including customized treatment plans based on historical data of the patient. We identify the most notable literature that uses computational models to address EDS and MPS based on those clinical parameters. In addition to the review of the computational models built upon the clinical parameters, we also provide details regarding the popular publicly available data sources. We provide brief reviews for each model in terms of prior art and present an analysis of their results, as claimed by the respective authors. With respect to the use of machine learning models, we have provided avenues for model analysis in terms of model selection, model validation, model interpretation, and model comparison. We further present the challenges and limitations of the use of computational models, providing future research directions. This study intends to serve as a benchmark for first-hand impressions on the use of computational models for EDS and MPS of sepsis, along with the details regarding which model has been the most promising to date. We have provided details regarding all the ML models that have been used to date for EDS and MPS of sepsis.

关键词： Sepsis Computing methodologies Early prediction of sepsis Mortality prediction of sepsis Machine learning Artificial intelligence

Drop weight impact analysis of GFrP tubes with hollow glass particle-filled matrix

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第11期29卷 1-9页

作者： Daniel Paul r.Velmurugan N.k.gupta Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiIndia Department of Applied Mechanics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew DelhiIndia

Protecting occupants or payloads in crashes and blasts is of utmost importance in both moving and immobile *** way of achieving this is by using a sacrificial energy *** tubes have been studied as potential energy absorbers due to their ability to fail progressively under axial *** this study,the energy absorption capability of these tubes is enhanced by adding hollow glass particles to the ***-weight tests are performed on composite tubes,and a digital image correlation(DIC)-based technique is used to capture their load-displacement *** eliminates the use of electronic data acquisition systems,load cells,and *** load-displacement curves of the tubes are obtained from the DIC-based technique and examined to understand their crushing *** the mean crush load shows a drop,an increase in crush length is *** specific energy absorbed by the tubes improves with an increase in GMB volume *** addition of 0.1,0.2,0.3 and 0.4 vol fractions of GMB results in the specific energy absorption increasing by6.6%,14.7%,24%and 36.6%,respectively,compared to neat glass fibre-epoxy *** examination of the tubes and comparison with tubes subject to quasi-static compression is also performed.

关键词： Composite tubes Syntactic foam Impact Axial compression Digital image correlation

Effect of Post Heat Treatment on Corrosion resistance of Phytic Acid Conversion Coated Magnesium

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第2期29卷 180-186页

作者： r.k. gupta k. Mensah-Darkwa D. kumar Engineering research Center for revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ErC-rMB) Department of Mechanical Engineering North Carolina A&T State University 1601 East Market Street Greensboro NC 27411 USA

An environment friendly chemical conversion coating for magnesium was obtained by using a phytic acid solution. The effect of post-coating 1heat treatment on the microstructures and corrosion properties of phytic acid conversion coated magnesium was investigated. It was observed that the microstructure and corrosion resistive properties were improved for the heat treated samples. The corrosion current density for bare magnesium, phytic acid conversion coated magnesium, and post-coating heat treated magnesium was calculated to be 2.48 ×10^-5, 1.18×10^-6, and 9.27 × 10^7 A/cm^2, respectively. The lowest corrosion current density for the heat treated sample indicated its highest corrosion resistive effect for the magnesium. The maximum corrosion protective nature of the heat treated sample was further confirmed by the largest value of impedance in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies.

关键词： Magnesium Phytic acid Corrosion Impedance spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy