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A Lightweight Blockchain for IoT in Smart City (IoT-SmartChain)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2687-2703页

作者： Zakariae Dlimi Abdellah ezzati Saïd Ben Alla Hassan First University of Settat FacultéSciences et TechniqueLAVETESettat26000Morocco

The smart city is a technological framework that connects the city’s different components to create new *** connection is possible with the help of the Internet of Things(IoT),which provides a digital personality to physical *** studies have proposed integrating Blockchain technology with IoT in different use cases as access,orchestration,or replicated storage *** majority of connected objects’capacity limitation makes the use of Blockchain inadequate due to its redundancy and its conventional processing-intensive consensus like *** paper addresses these challenges by proposing a NOVEL model of a lightweight Blockchain framework(IoT-SmartChain),with a lightweight consensus and a lightweight *** framework architecture presents a role hierarchy of connected objects according to their computational and storage *** organization allows all things to be linked even indirectly via different interfaces and to benefit from the power of high-capacity objects such as Fog and Edge computing *** is validated and added to the blockchain ledger by running a lightweight consensus called Proof of random Participation(PorP),which reduces the blockchain nodes’high computing power *** TOPIC subscription-based data storage strategy called Assisted Selected relevant Data in Local Ledger(ASrDLL)reduces the data size of a node’s local ledger and the entire network’s data *** strategy is assisted by a centralized algorithm that optimizes the overall network size by adjusting the choice of *** storage capacity,computational power,and energy consumption have been evaluated by a proof of concept implementation under NodeJS.

关键词： Smart city Internet of Things blockchain lightweight consensus lightweight ledger Iot-SmartChain

Selenium as a chemopreventive agent in experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2009年第1期1卷 74-81页

作者： Fereshteh ezzati Ghadi Abdollah ramzani Ghara Shalmoli Bhattacharyya Devinder Kumar Dhawan Department of Biophysics Basic Medical Sciences BlockPanjab University Department of Biophysics Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

AIM:To elucidate the chemopreventive efficacy of selenium during experimentally induced colon ***:Thirty-two male wistar rats were divided into four groups:group □(normal control);group □[1,2-dimethylhydrazine(DMH) treated];group □ (selenium treated);and group □ (DMH + selenium treated).Groups □ and □ were given subcutaneous injections of DMH(30 mg/kg body weight) every week for 20 ***,in the form of sodium selenite,was given to groups □ and at 1 ppm in drinking water ad libitum for 20 *** the end of the study,rats were sacrificed and their colons were analyzed for the development of tumors,antioxidant enzyme levels and histological ***:100 of the DMH treated rats developed tumors,which was reduced to 60 upon simultaneous selenium ***,tumor multiplicity decreased to 1.1 following selenium supplementation to DMH treated *** of lipid peroxidation,glutathione-S-transferase,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase,and glutathione peroxidase(GPx) decreased following DMH treatment,whereas levels of glutathione(GSH) and glutathione reductase(Gr) significantly increased in DMH treated *** administration to DMH treated rats led to an increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation,SOD,catalase,glutathione-S-transferase and GPx,but decreased the levels of GSH and *** studies on DMH treated rats revealed dysplasia of the colonic histoarchitecture,which showed signs of improvement following selenium ***:The study suggests the antioxidative potential of selenium is a major factor in providing protection from development of experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis.

关键词： Colon cancer Selenium Antioxidant enzyme Histopathology Dimethylhydrazine

Analyzing Direct and Indirect Effects of Economic Sanctions on I. r. Iran Economic Growth: Focusing on the External Sector of the Economy

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2016年第4期6卷 457-471页

作者： Morteza ezzati Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran

In this paper, we analyze direct and indirect effects of economic sanctions on I. r. Iran’s economic growth from 1979 to 2012 focusing on the external sector of the economy. Our data for variables except for sanction are derived from 1966 to 2012 and a dummy variable is used for each sanction’s beginning years. The designed model is based on the endogenous growth models in which we analyze the effects by 2SLS econometric method. Our findings indicate that economic sanctions have not directly affected Iran’s economic growth so much. These effects have been indirect through restricting total imports, capital goods imports, imports of intermediate goods and primary products and also the export leading to decreased economic growth of the country.

关键词： Sanction Economic Growth I. r. Iran External Sector

Solution of Multi-Delay Dynamic Systems by Using Hybrid Functions

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第13期5卷 2016-2027页

作者： K. Maleknejad r. ezzati T. Damercheli Department of Mathematics College of Basic Sciences Karaj Branch Islamic Azad University Alborz Iran

In this paper, we present a method for finding the solution of the linear multi-delay systems (MDS) by using the hybrid of the Block-Pulse functions and the Bernoulli polynomials. In this approach, the MDS is reduced to a system of linear algebraic equations by expanding various time functions for the hybrid functions and using operational matrices. To demonstrate the validity and the applicability of the technique, some examples are presented.

关键词： Block-Pulse Functions Bernoulli Polynomials Multi-Delay Systems

A reliable and Efficient Time Synchronization Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

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Wireless Sensor Network 2010年第12期2卷 910-918页

作者： Masoume Jabbarifar Alireza Shameli Sendi Alireza Sadighian Naser.ezzati Jivan Michel Dagenais 不详

L-SYNC is a synchronization protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks which is based on larger degree clustering providing efficiency in homogeneous topologies. In L-SYNC, the effectiveness of the routing algorithm for the synchronization precision of two remote nodes was considered. Clustering in L-SYNC is according to larger degree techniques. These techniques reduce cluster overlapping, resulting in the routing algorithm requiring fewer hops to move from one cluster to another remote cluster. Even though L-SYNC offers higher precision compared to other algorithms, it does not support heterogeneous topologies and its synchronization algorithm can be influenced by unreliable data. In this paper, we present the L-SYNCng (L-SYNC next generation) protocol, working in heterogeneous topologies. Our proposed protocol is scalable in unreliable and noisy environments. Simulation results illustrate that L-SYNCng has better precision in synchronization and scalability.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Network Synchronization Clustering Heterogeneous Convex Hull

A Lightweight Approach(BL-DAC)to Secure Storage Sharing in Cloud-IoT Environments

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第10期47卷 79-103页

作者： Zakariae Dlimi Abdellah ezzati Said Ben Alla Hassan First University of Settat FacultéSciences et TechniqueLAVETESettat26000Morocco

The growing advent of the Internet of Things(IoT)users is driving the adoption of cloud computing *** integration of IoT in the cloud enables storage and computational capabilities for IoT ***,security has been one of the main concerns of cloud-integrated *** work attempts to address the security concerns of cloud-integrated IoT through authentication,access control,and blockchain-based ***,existing frameworks are somewhat limited by scalability,privacy,and centralized *** mitigate the existing problems,we propose a blockchain-based distributed access control method for secure storage in the IoT cloud(BL-DAC).Initially,the BL-DAC performs decentralized authentication using the Quantum Neural Network Cryptography(QNNC)*** users and edge nodes are authenticated in the blockchain deployed by distributed Trusted Authorities(TAs)using multiple *** user data is classified into sensitive and non-sensitive categories using the Enhanced Seagull Optimization(ESO)***,the authentication to access this data is performed by a decentralized access control method using smart contract *** user data is encrypted using the QNNC algorithm and stored in the private *** contrast,non-sensitive data is stored in the public cloud,and IPFS is used to store data in a decentralized manner with high *** addition,data security is improved by using a hierarchical blockchain which improves scalability by managing the multiple blockchains hierarchically and is lightweight using Proof of Authentication Consensus(PoAH).The BL-DAC is simulated and validated using the Network Simulator-3.26 simulation tool and *** work shows better results than the compared ones in terms of validation metrics such as throughput(26%),encryption time(19%),decryption time(16%),response time(15%),block validation time(31%),attack detection rate(16%),access control precision(13%),and scalability(28%

关键词： Internet of Things blockchain access control secure storage

柳叶刀：全球和不同地区可归因于血糖高于最佳浓度的缺血性心脏病所致死亡及卒中所致死亡：比较风险评估

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第6期3卷 3-4页

作者： Danaei G. Lawes C. M. Vander Hoorn S. Dr. M. ezzati 不详 Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA 02115 United States

背景：自常规定义糖尿病的血糖浓度阈值起，血糖的升高伴随着心血管死亡风险的不断增加。作者旨在从群体水平来量化高于最佳浓度的所有血糖水平对全球缺血性心脏病死亡和卒中死亡的影响。方法：应用空腹血糖的群体分布来检查血糖高于最... 详细信息

背景：自常规定义糖尿病的血糖浓度阈值起，血糖的升高伴随着心血管死亡风险的不断增加。作者旨在从群体水平来量化高于最佳浓度的所有血糖水平对全球缺血性心脏病死亡和卒中死亡的影响。方法：应用空腹血糖的群体分布来检查血糖高于最佳浓度的暴露水平。作者整理了52个国家群体健康调查、系统回顾及调查者所提供资料中的个体暴露数据。

关键词：缺血性心脏病死亡风险最佳浓度血糖高风险评估卒中病所归因

A reliable and Efficient Time Synchronization Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

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评估大气细颗粒物暴露引起的全球疾病负担的一个综合风险函数

Wireless Sensor Network（无线传感网络） 2010年第12期

作者： Masoume Jabbarifar Alireza Shameli Sendi Alireza Sadighian Naser.ezzati Jivan Michel Dagenais

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环境与职业医学 2014年第11期31卷 898-903页

作者： richard T.Burnett C.Arden Pope III Majid ezzati Casey Olives Stephen S.Lim Sumi Mehta Hwashin H.Shin Gitanjali Singh Bryan Hubbell Michael Brauer H.ross Anderson Kirk r.Smith John r.Balmes Nigel G.Bruce Haidong Kan Francine Laden Annette Prüss-Ustün Michelle C.Turner Susan M.Gapstur W.ryan Diver Aaron Cohen 何蓉张伊人金泰廙 Health Canada OttawaOntarioCanada Brigham Young University MrC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health School of Public HealthImperial College London School of Public Health University of Washington Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park School of Population and Public Health University of British ColombiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada MrC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health King’s College London University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA School of Medicine University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA School of Medicine University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Department of Public Health and Policy University of Liverpool School of Public Health Fudan University Exposure Epidemiologyand Risk ProgramDepartment of Environmental HealthHarvard School of Public Health World Health Organization Institute of Population Health University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada American Cancer Society AtlantaGeorgiaUSA Health Effects Institute BostonMassachusettsUSA

[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物（PM2.5）长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度（rr）函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡rr函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.... 详细信息

[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物（PM2.5）长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度（rr）函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡rr函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.5暴露范围内成人死因的rr函数：缺血性心脏病（IHD）、脑血管疾病（脑卒中）、慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）和肺癌（LC）。建立急性下呼吸道感染（ALrI）发病的rr函数,用于估算〈5岁的儿童中死亡率和健康生活损失年数。[方法]通过整合现有的来自于环境空气污染（AAP）、二手烟草烟雾、家用固体烹饪用燃料和主动吸烟（AS）等研究的rr信息,拟合综合暴露-反应（IEr）模型。采用颗粒物质的吸入剂量,通过转化AS暴露来估计全年PM2.5的暴露当量。在估算全球环境PM2.5浓度的基础上,得出各国的人群归因分数（PAFs）。[结果]与以往负担评估中使用的其他7种模型相比,IEr模型是一种优越的rr预测方法。在不同国家中,归因于AAP暴露的PAF百分数各不相同,分别为：IHD,2~41;脑卒中,1~43;COPD,〈1~21;LC,〈1~25;ALrI,〈1~38。[结论]我们建立了一种以细颗粒物为基础的rr模型,它通过整合来自不同类型的燃烧所产生颗粒物排放的rr信息,涵盖全球范围的暴露。当获得新的rr信息时,可以对这个模型进行更新。

关键词：细颗粒物环境空气污染风险函数全球疾病负担相对风险慢性阻塞性肺病全球环境缺血性心脏病颗粒物质烟草烟雾