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Liver abnormalities following SArS-coV 2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age

Family Medicine and community Health 2024年第1期12卷 28-35页

作者： Pauline Terebuh Veronica r Olaker Ellen K Kendall David c Kaelber rong Xu Pamela B Davis center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA The center for clinical Informatics research and Education The MetroHealth SystemClevelandOHUSA Department of Medicine PediatricsDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA center for community Health Integration Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Objective Beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere,cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young *** the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects,we attempted to investigate a potential role for SArS-coV 2 in the development of subsequent liver *** We conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified,aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare *** compared with propensity score matched children with other respiratory infections,children aged 1-10 years with cOVID-19 had a higher risk of elevated transaminases(Hr(95%cI)2.16(1.74 to 2.69))or total bilirubin(Hr(95%cI)3.02(1.91 to 4.78)),or new diagnoses of liver diseases(Hr(95%cI)1.67(1.21 to 2.30))from 1 to 6 months after *** with pre-existing liver abnormalities,liver abnormalities surrounding acute infection,younger age(1-4 years)or illness requiring hospitalisation all had similarly elevated *** who developed liver abnormalities following cOVID-19 had more pre-existing conditions than those who developed abnormalities following other *** These results indicate that SArS-coV 2 may prime the patient for subsequent development of liver infections or non-infectious liver *** rare(~1 in 1000),SArS-coV 2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver function or the diagnosis of diseases of the liver.

关键词： elevated diagnosis subsequent

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Short- and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment in patients with intestinal Behcet’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 429-437页

作者： Min young Park Yong Sik Yoon Jae Ha Park Jong Lyul Lee chang Sik Yu Division of colon and rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Division of colon and rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul 05505South Korea

BAcKGrOUND Behcet’s disease(BD),a chronic vasculitic disorder affecting multiple organs,is characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers,arthritis,vasculitis,and intes-tinal *** intestinal involvement of BD is common in East Asia,the efficacy and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of intestinal BD still remain to be *** To evaluate the postoperative clinical course of intestinal BD and determine factors associated with its *** Data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for intestinal BD between January 2010 and August 2021 were retrospectively ***’demo-graphics,clinical features,postoperative course,complications,and follow-up data were *** We analyzed 39 surgeries in 31 *** mean patient age was 45.1 years,and the mean interval between the diagnosis of intestinal BD and surgical treatment was 4.9 years(range 1.0-8.0 years).The most common indication for surgery was medical intractability(n=16,41.0%),followed by fistula or abscess(n=11,28.2%).Laparoscopic approaches were used in 19 patients(48.7%),and 5 patients(12.8%)underwent emergency *** most common surgical procedure was ileocecal resection(n=18,46.2%),followed by right colectomy(n=11,28.2%).A diverting stoma was created in only one patient(2.6%).During a mean follow-up period of 45(range 8-72)months,eight cases(20.5%)of recurrence in five patients required *** interval between operations was 12.1 months(range 6.3-17.8 mo).Four patients(10.3%)experienced recurrence within 1 year postoperatively,and all eight recurrences occurred within 2 years of the initial *** reoperation rates at 1 and 3 years were 10.3%and 20.5%,respectively.A redo ileocolic anastomosis was performed in all recurrent *** multivariate cox regression analysis,emergency surgery[hazard ratio(Hr)9.357,95%confidence interval(cI):1.608-54.453,P=0.013]and elevated c-reactive protein(crP)levels(Hr 1.154,95%cI:1.002–1.328,

关键词： Behcet syndrome Intestinal General surgery recurrence risk factors

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Unraveling the Harmonious coexistence of ruthenium States on a Self-Standing Electrode for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution reaction

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 303-311页

作者： Joonhee Ma Jin Hyuk cho chaehyeon Lee Moon Sung Kang Sungkyun choi Ho Won Jang Sang Hyun Ahn Seoin Back Soo young Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Institute of Emergent MaterialsSogang UniversitySeoul 04107Korea Department of cogno-Mechatronics Engineering College of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea School of chemical Engineering and Material Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea

The development of cost-effective,highly efficient,and durable electrocatalysts has been a paramount pursuit for advancing the hydrogen evolution reaction(HEr).Herein,a simplified synthesis protocol was designed to achieve a self-standing electrode,composed of activated carbon paper embedded with ru single-atom catalysts and ru nanoclusters(AcP/ru_(SAc+c))via acid activation,immersion,and high-temperature *** initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)calculations are employed to gain a more profound understanding of the impact of acid activation on carbon ***,the coexistence states of the ru atoms are confirmed via aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy(Ac-STEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS).Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations reveal that introducing a ru single-atom site adjacent to the ru nanoclusters induces a synergistic effect,tuning the electronic structure and thereby significantly enhancing their catalytic ***,the AcP/ru_(SAc+c)exhibits a remarkable turnover frequency(TOF)of 18 s^(−1)and an exceptional mass activity(MA)of 2.2 A mg^(−1),surpassing the performance of conventional Pt *** self-standing electrode,featuring harmoniously coexisting ru states,stands out as a prospective choice for advancing HEr catalysts,enhancing energy efficiency,productivity,and selectivity.

关键词： electrocatalysis electronic coupling effect hydrogen evolution reaction selfstanding electrode

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Bone-targeted lipoplex-loaded three-dimensional bioprinting bilayer scaffold enhanced bone regeneration

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regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第4期3卷 138-148页

作者： Woo-Jin Kim Jeong-Hyun ryu Ji Won Kim Ki-Tae Kim Hye-rim Shin Heein Yoon Hyun-Mo ryoo young-Dan cho Department of Molecular Genetics School of Dentistry and Dental Research InstituteSeoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry and Dental Research InstituteSeoul National University and Seoul National University Dental HospitalSeoul03080Republic of Korea

clinical bone-morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2)treatment for bone regeneration,often resulting in complications like soft tissue inflammation and ectopic ossification due to high dosages and non-specific delivery systems,necessitates research into improved biomaterials for better BMP2 stability and *** tackle this challenge,we introduced a groundbreaking bone-targeted,lipoplex-loaded,three-dimensional bioprinted bilayer scaffold,termed the polycaprolactone-bioink-nanoparticle(PBN)scaffold,aimed at boosting bone *** encapsulated BMP2 within the fibroin nanoparticle based lipoplex(Fibroplex)and functionalized it with DSS6 for bone tissue-specific targeting.3D printing technology enables customized,porous PcL scaffolds for bone healing and soft tissue growth,with a two-step bioprinting process creating a cellular lattice structure and a bioink grid using gelatin-alginate hydrogel and DSS6-Fibroplex,shown to support effective nutrient exchange and cell growth at specific pore *** PBN scaffold is predicted through in silico analysis to exhibit biased BMP2 release between bone and soft tissue,a finding validated by in vitro osteogenic differentiation *** PBN scaffold was evaluated for critical calvarial defects,focusing on sustained BMP2 delivery,prevention of soft tissue cell infiltration and controlled fiber membrane pore size in *** PBN scaffold demonstrated a more than eight times longer BMP2 release time than that of the collagen sponge,promoting osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration in a calvarial defect *** findings suggest that the PBN scaffold enhanced the local concentration of BMP2 in bone defects through sustained release and improved the spatial arrangement of bone formation,thereby reducing the risk of heterotopic ossification.

关键词： 3D bioprinting bone-targeting lipoplex BMP2 bone regeneration

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Stable immobilization of lithium polysulfides using three-dimensional ordered mesoporous Mn_(2)O_(3) as the host material in lithium-sulfur batteries

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carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 99-112页

作者： Sung Joon Park Yun Jeong choi Hyun-seung Kim Min Joo Hong Hongjun chang Janghyuk Moon young-Jun Kim Junyoung Mun Ki Jae Kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Batteries research center Korea Electronic Technology InstituteSeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Future Energy Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have drawn significant attention owing to their high theoretical discharge capacity and energy ***,the dissolution of long-chain polysulfides into the electrolyte during the charge and discharge process(“shuttle effect”)results in fast capacity fading and inferior electrochemical *** this study,Mn_(2)O_(3)with an ordered mesoporous structure(OM-Mn_(2)O_(3))was designed as a cathode host for LSBs via KIT-6 hard templating,to effectively inhibit the polysulfide shuttle ***-Mn_(2)O_(3)offers numerous pores to confine sulfur and tightly anchor the dissolved polysulfides through the combined effects of strong polar-polar interactions,polysulfides,and sulfur chain *** OM-Mn_(2)O_(3)/S composite electrode delivered a discharge capacity of 561 mAh g^(-1) after 250 cycles at 0.5 c owing to the excellent performance of OM-Mn_(2)O_(3).Furthermore,it retained a discharge capacity of 628mA h g^(-1) even at a rate of 2 c,which was significantly higher than that of a pristine sulfur electrode(206mA h g^(-1)).These findings provide a prospective strategy for designing cathode materials for high-performance LSBs.

关键词： host material lithium-sulfur battery ordered mesoporous structure shuttle effect transition-metal oxides

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Oxygen functionalization-assisted anionic exchange toward unique construction of flower-like transition metal chalcogenide embedded carbon fabric for ultra-long life flexible energy storage and conversion

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carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 72-93页

作者： roshan M.Bhattarai Kisan chhetri Nghia Le Debendra Acharya Shirjana Saud Mai cao Hoang Phuong Lan Nguyen Sang Jae Kim young Sun Mok Department of chemical Engineering Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Department of Nano convergence Engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea regional Leading research center(rLrc)for Nanocarbon-based Energy Materials and Application Technology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea Department of chemistry Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA Nanomaterials and System Laboratory Department of Mechatronics EngineeringJeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

The metal-organic framework(MOF)derived Ni–co–c–N composite alloys(NiccZ)were“embedded”inside the carbon cloth(cc)strands as opposed to the popular idea of growing them upward to realize ultrastable energy storage and conversion *** NiccZ was then oxygen functionalized,facilitating the next step of stoichiometric sulfur anion diffusion during hydrothermal sulfurization,generating a flower-like metal hydroxysulfide structure(NiccZOS)with strong partial implantation inside *** obtained NiccZOS shows an excellent capacity when tested as a supercapacitor electrode in a three-electrode ***,when paired with the biomass-derived nitrogen-rich activated carbon,the asymmetric supercapacitor device shows almost 100%capacity retention even after 45,000 charge–discharge cycles with remarkable energy density(59.4 Wh kg^(-1)/263.8μWh cm^(–2))owing to a uniquely designed ***,the same electrode performed as an excellent bifunctional water-splitting electrocatalyst with an overpotential of 271 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OEr)and 168.4 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction(HEr)at 10 mA cm−2 current density along with 30 h of unhinged chronopotentiometric stability performance for both HEr and ***,a unique metal chalcogenide composite electrode/substrate configuration has been proposed as a highly stable electrode material for flexible energy storage and conversion applications.

关键词： carbon cloth energy conversion energy storage flexible metal embedding ultra-stable

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Advantageous properties of halide perovskite quantum dots towards energy-efficient sustainable applications

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 949-965页

作者： Qian Zhao Shuo Wang young-Hoon Kim Shekhar Mondal Qingqing Miao Simiao Li Danya Liu Miao Wang Yaxin Zhai Jianbo Gao Abhijit Hazarika Guo-ran Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin300350China Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea Polymers and Functional Materials Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical TechnologyUppal RoadTarnakHyderabad500007India Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum control of Ministry of Education Department of PhysicsHunan Normal UniversityChangshHunan410081China Department of chemistry Brock University1812 Sir Isaac WaySt CatharinesOntarioCanada

As lead halide perovskite(LHP)semiconductors have shown tremendous promise in many application fields,and particularly made strong impact in the solar photovoltaic area,low dimensional quantum dot forms of these perovskites are showing the potential to make distinct marks in the fields of electronics,optoelectronics and *** so-called perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)not only possess the most important features of LHP materials,i.e.,the unusual high defect tolerance,but also demonstrate clear quantum size effects,along with exhibiting desirable optoelectronic properties such as near perfect photoluminescent quantum yield,multiple exciton generation and slow hot-carrier ***,we review the advantageous properties of these nanoscale perovskites and survey the prospects for diverse applications which include lightemitting devices,solar cells,photocatalysts,lasers,detectors and memristors,emphasizing the distinct superiorities as well as the challenges.

关键词： Perovskite quantum dot Light-emitting Detector Laser Solar cell

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Depolarization mitigated in ferroelectric Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)ultrathin films(<5 nm)on Si substrate by interface engineering

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 282-292页

作者： Se Hyun Kim younghwan Lee Dong Hyun Lee Geun Hyeong Park Hyun Woo Jeong Kun Yang Yong Hyeon cho young Yong Kim Min Hyuk Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea research Institute of Advanced Materials College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Inter-university Semiconductor research center College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science&TechnologyPohang 790784Republic of Korea

(Hf,Zr)O_(2)offers considerable potential for next-generation semiconductor devices owing to its nonvolatile spontaneous polarization at the ***,scaling this material to sub-5 nm thickness poses several challenges,including the formation of an interfacial layer and high trap *** particular,a low-k SiO_(2)interfacial layer is naturally formed when(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films are directly grown on a Si substrate,leading to high depolarization fields and rapid reduction of the remanent *** address these issues,we conducted a study to significantly improve ferroelectricity and switching endurance of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films with sub-5 nm thicknesses by inserting a TiO_(2)interfacial *** deposition of a Ti film prior to Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film deposition resulted in a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer and prevented the direct contact of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)with *** findings show that the high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer can reduce the SiO_(2)/Si interface trap density and the depolarization field,resulting in a switchable polarization of 60.2μc/cm^(2)for a 5 nm thick Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)***,we propose that inserting a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer between the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film and the Si substrate may offer a promising solution to enhancing the ferroelectricity and reliability of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)grown on the Si substrate and can pave the way for next-generation semiconductor devices with improved performance.

关键词： ferroelectric charge trapping hafnia depolarization

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recent advances on bismuth oxyhalides for photocatalytic cO_(2)reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 183-203页

作者： Liangpang Xu Jimmy c.Yu Ying Wang Department of chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong 999077China

Photocatalytic conversion of cO_(2)into fuels such as cO,cH_(4),and cH_(3)OH,is a promising approach for achieving carbon *** oxyhalides(BiOX,where X=cl,Br,and I)are appropriate photocatalysts for this purpose due to the merits of visible-light-active,efficient charge separation,and easy-to-modify crystal structure and surface *** practical applications,multiple strategies have been proposed to develop high-efficiency BiOX-based *** review summarizes the development of different approaches to prepare BiOX-based photocatalysts for efficient cO_(2)*** the review,the fundamentals of photocatalytic cO_(2)reduction are ***,several widely used modification methods for BiOX photocatalysts are systematacially discussed,including heterojunction construction,introducing oxygen vacancies(OVs),Bi-enrichment,heteroatom-doping,and morphology ***,the challenges and prospects in the design of future BiOX-based photocatalysis for efficient cO_(2)reduction are examined.

关键词： Bismuth oxyhalides Photocatalysis cO_(2)reduction Modification methods

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Early Phases of Star Formation: Testing chemical Tools

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 96-118页

作者： N.c.Martinez S.Paron cONIcET-Universidad de Buenos Aires.Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio Ciudad Universitaria(C1428EGA)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

Star-forming processes strongly influence the ISM ***,many high-quality databases are available at millimeter *** them,it is possible to carry out studies that review and deepen previous *** these studies involve large samples of sources,it is preferred to use direct tools to study the molecular *** the aim of testing these tools such as the use of the HcN/HNc ratio as a thermometer,and the use of H^(13)cO^(+),Hc_(3)N,N_(2)H^(+) and c_(2)H as "chemical clocks," we present a molecular line study toward 55 sources representing massive young stellar objects at different evolutionary stages:infrared dark clouds(IrDcs),highmass protostellar objects(HMPOs),hot molecular cores(HMcs) and ultracompact H II *** found that the use of the HcN/HNc ratio as a universal thermometer in the ISM should be taken with care because the HcN optical depth is a big issue that can affect the ***,this tool should be utilized only after a careful analysis of the HcN spectrum,checking that no line,neither the main nor the hyperfine ones,presents absorption *** point out that the analysis of the emission of H^(13)cO^(+),Hc_(3)N,N_(2)H^(+) and c_(2)H could be useful to trace and distinguish regions among IrDcs,HMPOs and *** molecular line widths of these four species increase from the IrDc to the HMc stage,which can be a consequence of the gas dynamics related to the starforming processes taking place in the molecular *** results not only contribute with more statistics,acting as a probe of such chemical tools,useful to obtain information in large samples of sources,but also complement previous works through the analysis of other types of sources.

关键词： stars:formation ISM:molecules ISM:clouds

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