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Soleus arthrogenic muscle inhibition following acute lateral ankle sprain correlates with symptoms and ankle disability but not with postural control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 559-568,F0003页

作者： Kyung-Min Kim Joo-Sung Kim Alan r.Needle Department of Sport Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-si 16419Republic of Korea Department of Health and Human Performance Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Public Health&Exercise Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA Department of rehabilitation Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA

Background:Acute lateral ankle sprains(ALAS)are associated with long-term impairments and instability tied to altered neural *** muscle inhibition(AMI)has been observed in this population;however,relationships with injury-related impairments are unclear,potentially due to the resting,prone position in which AMI is typically *** AMI during bipedal stance may provide a better understanding of this ***:AMI was assessed in 38 young adults(19 ALAS within 72 h of injury:10 males,21.4±2.7 years;19 healthy controls:10 males,21.9±2.2 years;mean±SD)using the Hoffmann reflex(H-reflex)during bipedal *** stimulation was administered to identify the _(max)imal H-reflex(H_(max))and _(max)imal motor response(M_(max))from the soleus,fibularis longus,and tibialis anterior *** primary outcome measure was the H_(max)/M_(max) *** outcomes included acute symptoms(pain and swelling),postural control during bipedal stance,and self-reported ***:No significant group-by-limb interactions were observed for any ***,a significant group main effect was observed in the soleus muscle(F(1,35)=6.82,p=0.013),indicating significantly lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios following ALAS(0.38±0.20)compared to healthy controls(0.53±0.16).Furthermore,lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios in the soleus significantly correlated with acute symptoms and self-reported function but not with postural ***:This study supports previous evidence of AMI in patients with ALAS,providing insight into neurophysiologic impacts of musculoskeletal *** results suggest that assessing AMI in a standing position following acute injury may provide valuable insight into how AMI develops and guide potential therapeutic options to curb and offset the formation of joint instability.

关键词： Acute injuries Balance Hoffmann reflex Neural excitability Patient-reported outcomes

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Dietary fibre effects and the interplay with exogenous carbohydrases in poultry nutrition

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 231-240页

作者： Michael r. Bedford Birger Svihus Aaron J. Cowieson AB Vista Feed Ingredients Ltd Marlborough United Kingdom Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway DSM Nutritional Products Kaiseraugst Switzerland

A comprehensive understanding of the role of dietary fibre in non-ruminant animal production is elusive. Equivocal and conflated definitions of fibre coupled with significant analytical complexity, interact with poorly defined host and microbiome relationships. Dietary fibre is known to influence gut development, feed intake and passage rate, nutrient absorption, microbiome taxonomy and function, gut pH, endogenous nutrient loss, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and more. Whilst significant gaps persist in our understanding of fibre in non-ruminant animal production, there is substantial interest in optimizing the fibre fraction of feed to induce high value phenotypes such as improved welfare, live performance and to reduce the environmental footprint of animal production systems. In order to achieve these aspirational goals, it is important to tackle dietary fibre with the same level of scrutiny as is currently done for other critical nutrient classes such as protein, minerals and vitamins. The chemical, mechanical and nutritional role of fibre must be explored at the level of monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of varying molecular weight and decoration, and this must be in parallel to standardisation of analytical tools and definitions for speciation. To further complicate subject, exogenous carbohydrases recognise dietary fibre as a focal substrate and have varying capacity to generate lower molecular weight carbohydrates that interact differentially with the host and the enteric microbiome. This short review article will explore the interactive space between dietary fibre and exogenous carbohydrases and will include their nutritional and health effects with emphasis on functional development of the gut, microbiome modulation and host metabolism.

关键词： Fibre Carbohydrase Nutrition Microbiome Gastro-intestinal development Feed

results of the Second Life Metabolism Travel Awards 2024

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Life Metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 1-2页

作者： John r.Speakman Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and ReproductionShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenAB242TZScotlandUnited Kingdom

This year is the second year of the Life Metabolism Travel Prize Awards for PhD students and *** three 700 US$awards are generously sponsored by Sable Systems-Promethion(China)who manufacture metabolic *** I announce the winners and their interesting projects,I will just reiterate how the judging of the awards *** first remove anything from the submission that would identify the sex,affiliation,or ethnicity of the applicant.

关键词： remove Travel Awards

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Flexible neural probes:a review of the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： Sara PIMENTA Joao r.FrEITAS JoséH.COrrEIA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal LABBELS-Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millions of people and have a huge social and economic *** use of neural probes for studies in animals has been the main approach to increasing knowledge about neural network ***,neuroscientists are trying to develop new and more effective therapeutic approaches to treating neurological *** implementation of neural probes with multifunctionalities(electrical,optical,and fluidic interactions)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to the creation of devices with high temporal and spatial *** the applicability of,and elements integrated into,neural probes has also led to the necessity to create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during probe implantation and increasing the quality of neural acquisition *** this paper,we review the fabrication,characterization,and validation of several types of flexible neural probes,exploring the main advantages and drawbacks of these ***,future developments and applications are ***,this review aims to present the currently available flexible devices and future appropriate avenues for development as possible guidance for future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain knowledge Flexible interface Multifunctional probe

Excellent photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of Sm^(3+) doped Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7) nanophosphor:Display and electrochemical sensor applications

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1046-1055,I0002页

作者： r.B.Basavaraj K.Sureshkumar D.P.Aarti M.B.Madhusudana reddy G.Nagaraju T.ramakrishnappa G.r.Navyashree K.r.Venkatesha Babu K.S.Hemalatha Department of Physics BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry School of Applied SciencesREVA UniversityBangalore560064India Energy Materials researchLaboratory Department of ChemistrySiddaganga Institute of TechnologyTumakuru57203KarnatakaIndia School of Physical Sciences REVA UniversityBangalore560057Indi Department of Physics Govt.Science CollegeBengaluru560001India Department of Physics Maharani Science College for WomenMaharani Cluster UniversityBengaluru560001India

A series of orange-red light emitting Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Sm^(3+)nanopowders were fabricated via low-cost ecofriendly green combustion technique using Aloe vera gel as *** phase purity of the samples were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction(PXrD)*** single-phase tetragonal structure is observed from the PXrD results with no additional impurity *** band gap energy of the fabricated powders was estimated by diffuse reflectance spectra(DrS)and is found to be in the range of 4.01-5.98 eV.A high resolution scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to study the morphological behaviour of the ***-like structures are observed from the SEM *** particle size was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and is found to be~50 *** interplanar distance is found to be 0.53 *** properties were systematically studied in *** phosphors are successfully excited at 403 nm NUV light,producing reddish-orange characteristic *** emission peaks are centered at 558(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2)),607(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))and 645 nm(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(9/2)),*** the observed peaks the red emanation(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))is stronger than the orange emission(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2))in the current *** photoluminescent concentration quenching is noticed above 5 mol%Sm^(3+)ion doping *** dipole-dipole interaction resulting in cross relaxation is found to be the principal cause of concentration quenching *** color features such as Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage(CIE)and correlated color temperature(CCT)were studied in *** optimized chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be(0.6363,0.3632),which fall in the reddish-orange *** average CCT value obtained is 3362 *** average color purity is found to be~82%.Sm^(3+)incorporated Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7) samples are possible contender for single white light generation commercial candidates owing to

关键词： Green combustion Photoluminescence Orange-red emission Color purity Sensors rare earths

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SnrK1a1, a new player in the sucrose-Opaque2 network during endosperm filling

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1172-1174页

作者： Kelly Mayrink Balmant Marcio F.r.resende Jr. Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Maize(Zea mays)endosperm is an important food source for humans and *** addition,it is considered an excellent model for research on seed development because of its relatively large size for both embryo and endosperm compared to those of other crop species,such as rice(Oryza sativa)and wheat(Triticum aestivum).After double fertilization,early maize endosperm development includes three stages:(i)a multinucleate coenocyte stage;(i)a cellularization stage,in which the cellular endosperm is formed;and(ii)a stage of differentiation into distinct *** early differentiation,four major cell types with specific functions differentiate within the endosperm:starchy endosperm,aleurone layer,basal endosperm transfer layer(BETL),and embryo surrounding *** subaleurone,conducting zone,basal intermediate zone,and endosperm adjacent to scutellum arise in late differentiation(Sabelli and Larkins 2009).After the main cell types are established,maize endosperm undergoes intensive cell proliferation,which marks the transition to the endosperm-filling *** the endosperm-flling stage,the maternal sucrose products are transported to seeds through the BETL region,where they will act as the main carbon substrate for storage products such as starch and proteins(Chen et al.,2023).In fact,the endosperm of maize seeds accounts for approximately 90%of the total grain weight,serving as an important nutrient reservoir(Flint-Garcia et al.,2009).

关键词： endosperm reservoir Flint

A Collocation Technique via Pell-Lucas Polynomials to Solve Fractional Differential EquationModel for HIV/AIDS with Treatment Compartment

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 281-310页

作者： Gamze Yıldırım Suayip Yüzbası Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAkdeniz UniversityAntalya07058Turkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of Basic ScienceGebze Technical UniversityKocaeli41400Turkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceBartın UniversityBartın74100Turkey

In this study,a numerical method based on the Pell-Lucas polynomials(PLPs)is developed to solve the fractional order HIV/AIDS epidemic model with a treatment *** HIV/AIDS mathematical model with a treatment compartment is divided into five classes,namely,susceptible patients(S),HIV-positive individuals(I),individuals with full-blown AIDS but not receiving ArV treatment(A),individuals being treated(T),and individuals who have changed their sexual habits sufficiently(r).According to the method,by utilizing the PLPs and the collocation points,we convert the fractional order HIV/AIDS epidemic model with a treatment compartment into a nonlinear system of the algebraic ***,the error analysis is presented for the Pell-Lucas approximation *** aim of this study is to observe the behavior of five populations after 200 days when drug treatment is applied to HIV-infectious and full-blown AIDS *** demonstrate the usefulness of this method,the applications are made on the numerical example with the help of *** addition,four cases of the fractional order derivative(p=1,p=0.95,p=0.9,p=0.85)are examined in the range[0,200].Owing to applications,we figured out that the outcomes have quite decent ***,we understand that the errors decrease when the value of N *** figures in this study are created in *** outcomes indicate that the presented method is reasonably sufficient and correct.

关键词： Collocation method fractional differential equations HIV/AIDS epidemic model Pell-Lucas polynomials

Doubled haploid technology and synthetic apomixis:recent advances and applications in future crop breeding

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1005-1018页

作者： Yanzhi Qu Alisdair r.Fernie Jie Liu Jianbing Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China Department of Molecular Physiology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria azhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572024China

Doubled haploid(DH)technology and synthetic apomixis approaches can considerably shorten breeding cycles and enhance breeding *** with traditional breeding methods,DH technology offers the advantage of rapidly generating inbred lines,while synthetic apomixis can effectively fix hybrid *** this review,we focus on(i)recent advances in identifying and characterizing genes responsible for haploid induction(Hl),(ii)the molecular mechanisms of Hl,(ili)spontaneous haploid genome doubling,and(iv)crop synthetic *** also discuss the challenges and potential solutions for future crop breeding programs utilizing DH technology and synthetic ***,we provide our perspectives about how to integrate DH and synthetic apomixis for precision breeding and de novo domestication.

关键词： maize doubled haploid technology haploid induction synthetic apomixis precision breeding

Stable diffusion gradients in microfluidic conduits bounded by fluid walls

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 357-367页

作者： Federico Nebuloni Cyril Deroy Peter r.Cook Edmond J.Walsh Department of Engineering Science Osney Thermo-Fluids InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxford OX20ESUK Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK

Assays mimicking in vitro the concentration gradients triggering biological responses like those involved in fighting infections and blood clotting are essential for biomedical *** assays prove especially attractive as they allow precise control of gradient shape allied to a reduction in *** microfluidic devices are fabricated using solid plastics that prevent direct access to responding ***-walled microfluidics allows the manufacture of circuits on standard Petri dishes in seconds,coupled to simple operating methods;cell-culture medium sitting in a standard dish is confined to circuits by fluid walls made of an immiscible *** develop and experimentally validate an analytical model of diffusion between two or more aqueous streams flowing at different rates into a fluid-walled conduit with the cross-section of a circular *** solid walls,fluid walls morph during flows as pressures fall,with wall shape changing down the *** model is validated experimentally for Fourier numbersrescein diffusing between laminar *** enables a priori prediction of concentration gradients throughout a conduit,so allowing rapid circuit design as well as providing bioscientists with an accurate way of predicting local concentrations of bioactive molecules around responsive and nonresponsive cells.

关键词： walls diffusion attractive