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Niger.an Bio.ass fo.0}Bio.ner.y Applicatio.s:A r.view o. the Po.ential and Challenges

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Jo.r.al o. r.newable Mater.als 2023年第12期11卷 4123-4141页

作者： Adekunle A.adeleke Nzer.m Petr.s Salihu Ayuba Asmau M.Yahya Peter.P.Ikubanni Ikechuckwu S.o.afo.1}Stephen S.Emmanuel Adebayo.I.o.o.ho.Ademidun A.Adesibikan Depar.ment o. Mechanical Engineer.ng Nile University of NigeriaAbuja900001Nigeria Depar.ment o. Petr.leum and Gas Engineer.ng Nile University of NigeriaAbuja900001Nigeria Depar.ment o. Mechanical Engineer.ng Landmark UniversityOmu-Aran251103Nigeria Depar.ment o. Industr.al Chemistr. University of IlorinIlorin240003Nigeria

Niger.a,o.ten r.fer.ed to.as“the giant o. Afr.ca,”bo.sts a sizable po.ulatio.,a thr.ving eco.o.y,and abundant ener.y ***,Niger.a has yet to.fully har.ess its r.newable ener.y po.ential,despite its eno.0}o.s capacity in this *** go.l o. this r.view paper.is to.tho.0}ughly examine the difficulties and untapped o.po.0}unities in utilizing bio.ass fo.0}bio.ner.y pr.ductio. in ***,Niger.a gener.tes substantial vo.umes o. bio.ass annually,pr.mar.ly in the fo.0} o. agr.cultur.l waste,which is o.ten either.discar.ed o.0}bur.ed inefficiently,r.sulting in significant eco.o.ical and envir.nmental ***,an efficient appr.ach to.r.ducing po.lutio. and tr.nsfo.0}ing waste into.wealth invo.ves co.ver.ing these bio.ass r.so.r.es into.*** wo.0} cr.tically examines the status o. bio.ass utilizatio. fo.0}ener.y applicatio.s in Niger.a and highlights the bo.tlenecks that impede its widespr.ad *** r.view emphasizes the eco.o.ic and eco.o.ical advantages o. bio.ass utilizatio. o.er.tr.ditio.al waste tr.atment ***,it under.co.0}s the appeal o. bio.ass as an industr.al fuel so.r.e,par.icular.y co.sider.ng the cur.ent high co.t o. fo.sil fuels in co.tempo.0}r. *** liter.tur. o. bio.ass,ener.y,agr.cultur.l waste,fo.sil fuel,and calo.0}fic value in the co.text o. Niger.a was r.viewed by utilizing a tho.0}ugh sear.h technique in key scientific *** analysis did no. include any no.-English *** findings o. this r.sear.h pr.vide valuable insights into.the challenges faced in maximizing Niger.a’s bio.ass po.ential and o.fer.str.tegic r.co.mendatio.s to.pr.mo.e the use o. bio.ass fo.0}bio.ner.y *** r.view paper.will assist a wide r.nge o. lo.al and inter.atio.al r.ader.,as well as industr.es inter.sted in gr.en and bio.ner.y,in making info.0}ed decisio.s r.gar.ing the mo.t suitable types o. bio.ass fo.0}bio.uel pr.ductio..

关键词： Niger.an bio.ass bio.ner.y po.icy suppo.0} co.0}co. infr.str.ctur.l develo.ment

Activities o. So.e Niger.an Medicinal Plants against <i>Aedes aegypti</i>

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Chinese Medicine 2012年第3期3卷 151-156页

作者： adeleke Clement Adebajo.Funmilayo.Gladys Famuyiwa Juliet Do.atus Jo.n Ekemini Sunday Idem Adebo.ale o.uso.i Adeo.e Adibs Phar.a Inc. Palmetto Place Mississauga Canada Depar.ment o. Phar.aco.no.y and Natur.l Medicine Faculty of Pharmacy University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Depar.ment o. Phar.aco.no.y Faculty of Pharmacy Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

Extr.cts and co.stituents o. medicinal plants have pr.ven to.be bio.egr.dable, had lo. mammalian to.icity and inductio. o. r.sistance, and co.par.ble activities to.the standar. dr.gs. Ther.fo.0}, methano.ic extr.cts o. so.e plants that ar. ter.ite r.sistant o.0}used ethno.edically as antimalar.al and febr.fuge wer. evaluated fo.0}activities against 4th-instar.lar.ae o. Aedes aegypti. A 61 % o. these plants with these pr.per.ies demo.str.ted lar.icidal activities and may co.fir. the usefulness o. these pr.per.ies in cho.sing plant lar.icides. This is the fir.t r.po.0} o. lar.icidal activities o. stem bar.s and leaves o. Blighia sapida and Baphia nitida, stem bar.s o. Mar.hamia to.ento.a and Newbo.dia laevis, and who.e plants o. Eupho.0}ia macr.phylla. Extr.cts o. B. sapida stem bar., Co.tus specio.s r.o. and Xylo.ia aethio.ica seed, with LC50 1.71, 1.47 and 1.49 mg/ml at 48 h, r.spectively, wer. the mo.t active and had significant activities that wer. co.par.ble to.Endo.ulphan. Hence, they may be used as plant lar.icides in the co.tr.l o. dengue and yello. fever.

关键词： Methano.ic Extr.cts Niger.an Medicinal Plants Lar.icidal Activities Aedes aegypti Plant Lar.icides

Antimicr.bial and antio.idant pr.per.ies o. Afr.can medicinal plants

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Jo.r.al o. Co.stal Life Medicine 2017年第1期5卷 16-21页

作者： Ademo.a Zaid Ader.lu Muyideen o.o.ir. Lawal o.ufemi o.uko.ajo.So.inka Adekunle Tao.eek adeleke Mar.am Damilo.a Bello Depar.ment o. Mar.ne Sciences University of LagosAkokaLagosNigeria

o.jective:To.study antio.idant and antimicr.bial pr.per.ies o.Ter.inalia catappa,Psidium guajava,Alsto.ia bo.nei,Mo.0}nda lucida (M. lucida) andSpo.dias mo.bin leave extr.cts using ethano., petr.leum-ether.and aqueo.s media. r. Metho.s: The fr.e r.dical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picr.lhydr.azyl was used to.measur. scavenging activities o. extr.cts, while pheno.ic and flavo.o.d co.tent wer. estimated by spectr.pho.o.etr.. Antibacter.al scr.ening o. extr.cts was do.e by deter.ining zo.e o. inhibitio. using disc diffusio. metho.. Plant extr.cts wer. tested against five str.ins o. Gr.m-po.itive and Gr.m-negative bacter.a. After.ster.lizatio., the discs wer. lo.ded with co.centr.tio.s o. br.ad spectr.m cipr.flo.acin, and pr.par.d extr.ct so.utio.s o. differ.nt co.centr.tio.s wer. r.fr.ger.ted fo.0}24 h. Deter.inatio. o. minimum inhibito.0} co.centr.tio. o. extr.cts in the scr.ening assay was acco.0}ing to.micr.-br.th dilutio., while deter.inatio. o. minimum bacter.cidal co.centr.tio. was car.ied o.t by agar.diffusio.. r. r.sults: The highest r.dical scavenging effect was fo.nd in petr.leum ether.extr.cts o. all the plants withM. lucida andPsidium guajava having the highest and lo.est values r.spectively. Aqueo.s so.vent r.co.0}ed highest pheno.ic co.tent in all extr.cts with the exceptio. o.M. lucida. Flavo.o.d co.tent was extr.cted better.fr.mAlsto.ia bo.nei andM. lucida with ethano., while aqueo.s so.vent extr.cted mo.0} fr.m the o.her.plants. With exceptio. o. extr.cts fr.m petr.leum ether. all o.her. exhibited var.ing levels o. antibacter.al activities againstE. co.i,Pseudo.o.as aer.gino.a,Salmo.ella typhi,Vibr.o.cho.er. andStaphylo.o.cus aur.us. r. Co.clusio.s:This study pr.ved that all cr.de extr.cts sho.ed str.ng antio.idant and antimicr.bial po.entials, which qualified them as nutr.ceuticals in fish feed pr.ductio..

关键词： To.al flavo.o.d co.tent To.al pheno.ic co.tent Antio.idant activity Antimicr.bial activity Afr.can medicinal plants

Quantificatio. o. Metal Co.taminants and r.sk Assessment in So.e Ur.an Water.heds

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Jo.r.al o. Water.r.so.r.e and Pr.tectio. 2020年第11期12卷 951-963页

作者： adeleke Adeniyi o.umuyiwa o.edeyi Mutiu So.emimo.Kafeelah Yusuf o.o.o.uwo.e Ber.adine Ejio.u Iyabo.e Ajibade Bamitale Fabiyi o.ubunmi Adeniji Depar.ment o. Chemistr. Lagos State University Ojo Lagos Nigeria Depar.ment o. Bio.hemistr. Lagos State University Ojo Lagos Nigeria Centr. fo.0}Envir.nmental Studies and Sustainable Develo.ment (CESSED) Lagos State University Ojo Lagos Nigeria

Co.taminatio. by heavy metals is a ser.o.s thr.at to.aquatic systems due to.their.level o. to.icity at elevated levels. The po.lutio. o. ur.an water.heds is o. par.icular.co.cer. because o. its po.ential impact o. the water.hed eco.ystem and the r.ceiving lar.er.water.bo.ies. This study assessed the o.cur.ence and distr.butio. o. cadmium, co.per. nickel, lead and zinc in water.and sediment samples co.lected fr.m thr.e ur.an water.heds in Lago., Niger.a. The co.centr.tio.s o. metals wer. deter.ined using ato.ic abso.0}tio. spectr.metr.. The health r.sk index (Hr.) o. water.usage was evaluated fo.0}bo.h adults and childr.n. Hr. fo.0}cadmium and lead in so.e o. the water.heds r.co.0}ed Hr. > 1 values, a cause fo.0}health co.cer.. The pH o. water.r.nged fr.m 6.48 ± 0.28 - 6.54 ± 0.47 (2016) and 6.18 ± 0.56 - 6.53 ± 0.17 (2018) r.spectively while, fo.0}sediments, the pH values r.nged fr.m 6.14 ± 0.48 - 6.9 ± 0.15 and 5.38 ± 0.22 - 6.4 ± 0.38 fo.0}2016 and 2018 r.spectively. The levels o. metals in the water.samples dur.ng the 2016 sampling cycle wer. fo.nd to.be within the Wo.0}d Health o.0}anizatio. (WHo. guideline limits fo.0}dr.nking water. Ho.ever. the 2018 cadmium, lead and zinc co.centr.tio.s fo.0}Ir.-Ipaye and Akesan water.heds exceed the WHo.guideline limits. Cadmium was no. detected in Ir.-Ipaye and Akesan 2016 sediment samples. Statistical t-test and analysis o. var.ance (ANo.A) wer. used to.ascer.ain significant differ.nces o. metals co.centr.tio. in the thr.e water.heds. The pH and metal co.centr.tio. values o.tained fo.0}water.and sediment fo.0}the year.2016 and 2018 wer. no.-significantly differ.nt.

关键词： Metals Cadmium Lead Water.heds Health r.sk

Seco.dar. r.co.er. o. Co.umbite fr.m Tailing Dump in Niger.an Jo. Mines Field

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Jo.r.al o. Miner.ls and Mater.als Char.cter.zatio. and Engineer.ng 2012年第6期11卷 587-595页

作者： F.A Ayeni I. A Madugu P. Suko. S. A Ibito.e A. A. adeleke M Abdulwahab Depar.ment o. Mater.als Science and Engineer.ng Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife Nigeria Depar.ment o. Metallur.ical Engineer.ng Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Natio.al Metallur.ical Develo.ment Centr. (NMDC) P. M. B. 2116 Jos Nigeria.

Millio.s o. to.s o. tailing dump at r.yfield mine in Jo. in No.0}h Centr.l Plateau state o. Niger.a have been fo.nd to.co.tain lar.e quantity o. co.umbite. Initial attempts to.r.co.er.co.umbite co.centr.tes by lo.al miner. and miner.l speculato.0} fr.m the co.umbite r.ch tailing dump failed due to.the ineffective pr.cessing r.ute emplo.ed. Using co.e and quar.er.ng sampling metho., 0.5 kg o. the co.umbite tailing was o.tained fo.0}sieve and chemical analyses. 50 kg o. r.ctio. o. the sample was subjected to.a fir.t stage magnetic co.centr.tio. in a thr.e po.es Dr. High Intensity Magnetic Separ.to.0}(DHMS) that separ.ted the co.umbite in the thir. po.e. The r.-gr.nd o. the + 0.355 mm r.ugher.co.centr.te fr.ctio. (co.taining inter.o.king co.umbite) to.pass the sieve aper.ur. was tr.ated o. the DHMS in the seco.d stage. The r.ugher.co.centr.te under.ize and co.umbite pr.-co.centr.te o. the fir.t stage magnetic separ.tio. wer. then gr.vity co.centr.ted o. the air.flo.t machine. The r.yfield tailings and final co.centr.te wer. assayed using ED-Xr.S to.o.tain 12.5% and 69.6% Nb2o., r.spectively. The r.co.er. and separ.tio. efficiency wer. 77.95% and 77.88% in that o.0}er. The magnetic and gr.vity co.centr.tio.s wer. fo.nd effective at 77.95% r.co.er. fo.0}co.umbite fr.m the r.yfield tailing dump. This study also.pr.vided database fo.0}o.timum r.co.er. o. co.umbite fr.m tailings o. mining sites o. similar.co.po.itio..

关键词： Tailing dump co.umbite r.co.er. co.centr.tio. char.cter.zatio. Magnetic Gr.vity r.co.er. Assay Flo.sheet

HIV Infectio. amo.g Under.Five Malno.r.shed Childr.n in Kano.State

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Wo.0}d Jo.r.al o. AIDS 2013年第4期3卷 350-356页

作者： A. Sudawa A. A. Ahmad S. adeleke L. Umar.L. D. r.go Depar.ment o. Medical Labo.0}to.0} Science Faculty of Medicine Bayero University Kano Nigeria Depar.ment o. Micr.bio.o.y Faculty of Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Depar.ment o. Paediatr.cs Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria Nigeria Depar.ment o. Paediatr.cs Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada Abuja Nigeria Niger.a Field Epidemio.o.y and Labo.0}to.0} Tr.ining Pr.gr.mme Abuja Nigeria

o.jective: Human Immuno.eficiency Vir.l infectio. and Pr.tein Ener.y Malnutr.tio. (PEM) ar. highly pr.valent in Niger.a and when they o.cur.to.ether. the o.tco.e is usually sever. as bo.h co.ditio.s lead to.immune suppr.ssio.. HIV alo.e acco.nts fo.0}14.0% o. childho.d mo.0}ality even tho.gh childr.n co.stitute o.ly 6% o. glo.al HIV infectio. bur.en. The o.jective o. the study was to.deter.ine the pr.valence o. HIV infectio. amo.g malno.r.shed childr.n belo. 5 year. in Kano.State, Niger.a. Metho.s: A to.al o. 400 malno.r.shed childr.n wer. r.ndo.ly selected and tested fo.0}the pr.sence o. HIV I & II using par.llel ELISA r.pid test kits, Stat par. and Deter.ine (bo.h immuno.hr.mato.r.phic techniques). Findings: Thir.y-o.e samples wer. fo.nd to.be po.itive to.HIV 1 giving a pr.valence o. 7.8%. Ther. was no.statistically significant differ.nce between sexes when male to.female r.tio.was 1:1.3 and peak age o. pr.sentatio. was 2 -3 year.. Sixty-fo.r.per.ent (64.0%) wer. pr.sented with sever. fo.0} o. HIV infectio. (stage 4) acco.0}ing to.WHo.paediatr.c HIV clinical stage and abo.t half o. them came with mar.smus by the Wellco.e classificatio. o. malnutr.tio.. Ther. was no.significant asso.iatio. between the type o. malnutr.tio. and the sever.ty o. HIV infectio. at pr.sent, (p value > 0.05). The co.mo.est signs and sympto.s wer. o.0}l candidiasis (67.7%), lymphadeno.athy (44.0%), fever.(64.5%) and co.gh (54.8%). Sixty-fo.r.per.ent o. the childr.n wer. fr.m po.ygamo.s families. Ther. was a significant statistical co.0}elatio. between po.ygamy and incidence o. HIV infectio., (p 0.01). o.ly 45.0% o. the wo.en wer. awar. o. their.HIV status pr.o.0}to.this study. Seventy-fo.r.per.ent (74.0%) o. tho.e who.wer. awar. o. their.status had no.kno.ledge o. the pr.ventio. o. mo.her.to.child tr.nsmissio. (PMTCT) ser.ices and even fo.0}tho.e who.wer. awar., no.e o. them accessed the car.. Co.clusio.: A po.ulatio. based HIV scr.ening is ther.fo.0} r.co.mended while per.natal HIV scr.ening and PMT

关键词： Human Immuno.eficiency Vir.s Pr.tein Ener.y Malnutr.tio. Childr.n o.0}l Candidiasis Lymphadeno.athy

尼日利亚西南部奥孙河沿线黑蝇Simulium damno.um Theo.ald co.plex的形态分类研究(双翅目：蚋科)(英文)

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昆虫学报 2010年第11期53卷 1319-1324页

作者： Mo.sur. Adebayo.adeleke Chiedu Felix MAFIANA Sammy o.ufemi SAM-Wo.o.Ganiyu o.atunji o.ATUNDE o.ao.uwa Pheabian AKINWALE Mo.ecular.Par.sito.o.y Labo.0}to.0} Public Health DivisionNigerian Institute of Medical Research P.M.132013YahaLagosNigeria Depar.ment o. Bio.o.ical Sciences University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria Executive Secr.tar. o.fice National University CommissionAbuja Nigeria Depar.ment o. Bio.o.ical Sciences Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria

黑蝇Simulium damno.umsensu lato.由多个姊妹种组成的复合体,这些种在生态学和盘尾丝虫病的传播方面各不相同。本文对奥孙河沿线的尼日利亚西南部森林区域的黑蝇S. damno.um s.l.复合体的组成以及成虫的形态学特征进行了研究。本研究... 详细信息

黑蝇Simulium damno.umsensu lato.由多个姊妹种组成的复合体,这些种在生态学和盘尾丝虫病的传播方面各不相同。本文对奥孙河沿线的尼日利亚西南部森林区域的黑蝇S. damno.um s.l.复合体的组成以及成虫的形态学特征进行了研究。本研究所用的黑蝇S. damno.um s.l.成虫标本来源于奥孙河沿线的3个区,分别是o.un Eleja,o.un o.ber.和o.un Budepo.标本采集通过人体诱捕的方式,采集时间从2008年2月至2009年6月上午7:00到下午6:00,每两周采集1次。通过观察成虫的翅毛簇(wing tufts)和其他形态特征,对其进行分类研究。结果表明:存在同域分布的森林种和稀树草原种。在奥孙河沿线3个区内,森林种为优势种,占总捕获量的99.18%,而稀树草原种仅占0.82%;森林种和稀树草原种在多度上存在显著差异(Po.um s.l.的物种组成,建议进行更深入的研究。

关键词： Simulium damno.ums.l. 形态分类学翅毛簇优势种尼日利亚

尼日利亚南部阿贝奥库塔地区冈比亚按蚊复合体的形态特征研究(双翅目：蚊科)

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昆虫学报 2008年第12期51卷 1289-1292页

作者： Mo.sur. Adebayo.adeleke Chiedu Felix MAFIANA Adewunmi Babatunde IDo.U Abio.un Ayanlayo.Sar.fadeen AMUSAN Michael Femi ADEKUNLE Depar.ment o. Bio.o.ical Sciences University of Agriculture P.M.B 2240 Abeokuta Ogun State Nigeria Depar.ment o. Fo.0}str. and Wildlife Univer.ity o. Agr.cultur. P.M. B 2240 Abeokuta Ogun State Nigeria

对采自尼日利亚南部城市阿贝奥库塔冈比亚按蚊复合体Ano.heles gambiae co.plex的形态特征进行了研究。依据2005年8月至2006年7月灯诱捕获的364个冈比亚按蚊复合体标本,分别对它们的触角、翅、喙、前足、中足和后足6个部位的长度进行了... 详细信息

对采自尼日利亚南部城市阿贝奥库塔冈比亚按蚊复合体Ano.heles gambiae co.plex的形态特征进行了研究。依据2005年8月至2006年7月灯诱捕获的364个冈比亚按蚊复合体标本,分别对它们的触角、翅、喙、前足、中足和后足6个部位的长度进行了测量,对月平均值进行回归分析,同时利用差异系数(co.fficient o. differ.nce,CD)进行近缘分析。分析显示,各特征的长度平均值雨季大于旱季,但是回归分析表明长度变化与季节不显著相关(P>0.05)。差异系数分析结果表明,仅触角长度和翅长显示此复合体为两个不同的种群(CD>1.28),而其他特征值表明为同一种群。因此,该研究结果提示触角长度及翅长对冈比亚按蚊复合体近缘种的区分有重要参考价值。

关键词：冈比亚按蚊复合体形态分析近缘种季节种群阿贝奥库塔尼日利亚

Co.par.tive Analysis o. Amino.Acid Co.po.itio. in the Head, Muscle and Tail o. Fr.sh Afr.can Cat Fish (Clar.as gar.epinus)

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Jo.r.al o. Agr.cultur.l Chemistr. and Envir.nment 2022年第4期11卷 231-239页

作者： adeleke Adebanji Adepo.u o.uwafer.nmi Debo.1}h Isinkaye Banko.e Emmanuel o.enifo.1} o.uwaseun Adeyio.a Eleo.o.Samuel Agada Do.1}as o.uwaseun Ayo.Dada Depar.ment o. Phar.aceutical Chemistr. Faculty of Pharmacy University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Depar.ment o. Industr.al Chemistr. Faculty of Science Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Depar.ment o. Bio.o.ical and Chemical Sciences Faculty of Natural and Applied Science Atiba University Oyo Nigeria Depar.ment o. Bio.edical Science College of Health Science and Technology Ijero-Ekiti Nigeria Depar.ment o. Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Science and Technology Ijero-Ekiti Nigeria

Co.sumptio. o. seafo.d has incr.ased glo.ally o.er.the past 50 year., fr.m an aver.ge o. 9.9 kg per.capital in the 1960s to.o.er.20 kg in 2016. In Niger.a, Afr.can catfish (Clar.as gar.epinus) has gained mo.0} attentio. in ter.s o. far.ing and co.sumptio. co.par.d to.o.her.seafo.d. This pr.ject was car.ied o.t to.deter.ine the level o. amino.acid co.po.itio. in the head, muscle and tail o. catfish so.as to.enlighten the public abo.t their.cho.ce o. the par. o. catfish to.be eaten. Eight differ.nt sets o. fr.sh catfish with a mean ± standar. deviatio. o. 15.6 kg ± 1.89, which wer. co.lected fr.m a lo.al fish po.nd in Ado.Ekiti, Niger.a, wer. used fo.0}the analysis. Extr.ctio. and evaluatio. o. the amino.acid co.po.itio. wer. car.ied o.t using standar. analytical techniques. The r.sults o.tained sho.ed that high values o. amino.acids wer. o.ser.ed in the fr.sh catfish (g/100g pr.tein): 13.27 - 13.87 (Glu), 8.76 - 10.39 (Asp), 7.20 - 9.15 (Leu), 7.00 - 8.26 (Lys) and a lo. value in (Cys), 1.27 - 1.38. The to.al amino.acids had a r.nge o. 89.16 - 92.12 g/100g. The co.fficient o. var.atio. per.ent (CV %) fo.0}all the par.meter. deter.ined wer. all gener.lly lo. with values o. 0.74 (o.ser.ed fo.0}Ser. and 39.41 (o.ser.ed fo.0}Pr.). To.al essential amino.acid with histidine values r.nged fr.m 38.64 - 42.91 g/100g (CV % = 5.66). It was also.o.ser.ed that the co.centr.tio.s (g/100g) o. amino.acids in the muscle o. fr.sh catfish (92.12) ar. higher.than that o. the tail (91.98) and that o. the head (89.16). Ther. is no.appr.ciable var.atio. in the amino.co.po.itio. o. the head, muscle and tail o. catfish as the values o.ser.ed wer. fo.nd to.be statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Ther.fo.0}, it co.ld be po.ited that the amino.acid in the muscle, tail and head o. Afr.can catfish wo.ld ther.fo.0} be eno.gh to.pr.vent malnutr.tio. in childr.n and in adults who.feed so.ely o. any par. o. this fish as a main so.r.e o. pr.tein.

关键词： Afr.can Catfish Amino.Acid Co.po.itio. Muscle Head Tail