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Impr.vement of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) for.Patients Tr.ated in Skilled Nur.ing Facilities (SNFs)

Open Jour.al of Ther.py and r.habilitation 2024年第1期12卷 61-69页

作者： Jaden A. Silver.Sean r. Silver Samueli School of Engineer.ng University of California Los Angeles USA

Backgr.und: Self-car. tasks or.activities of daily living (ADL)’s per.or.ance ar. often disr.pted after.an older.adult sustains an injur. or.illness, which can be a deter.ining factor.for.dischar.e placement after.hospitalization, or.it can deter.ine the level of assistance r.quir.d after.dischar.e fr.m a skilled nur.ing facility (SNF). We believe that compr.hensive r.habilitation can impr.ve a patient’s over.ll functioning dur.ng their.shor. ter. stay in SNFs. The pur.ose of this study is to deter.ine if an individual’s level of independence impr.ved after.admission to a skilled nur.ing facility and pr.cur.ment of r.habilitation ser.ices. Methods: This study r.tr.spectively r.viewed 4612 nur.ing home patients in Califor.ia who under.ent r.habilitative ser.ices at skilled nur.ing facilities to deter.ine how the patients r.sponded to their.envir.nments, ther.py inter.entions, and any other.additional suppor.ive measur.s. The r.cor.s of patients who wer. admitted for.shor.-ter. r.habilitation wer. r.viewed in a blinded fashion, looking specifically at Section GG of the Minimum Data Set (MDS). Self-Car. Section GG scor.s r.cor.ed by r.habilitative staff pr.vide objective data and measur. patients’ levels of assistance that wer. r.quir.d. Each activity is scor.d fr.m 1, being completely dependent, to 6, being entir.ly independent, with var.ing levels of assistance with scor.s in between. The admission scor.s ver.us the dischar.e scor.s can be compar.d to deter.ine if a patient impr.ved their.level of functioning upon dischar.e. r.sults: Utilizing the Pear.on’s cor.elation coefficient, a str.ng cor.elation of impr.vement in ADL per.or.ance on Section GG between the admission and dischar.e scor.s was identified, implying significant impr.vement in functional independence upon dischar.e. The aver.ge per.ent impr.vement for.Managed Car. patients was ~35.4% and ~39.4% for.Medicar. patients. Conclusions: The r.sults suppor. the benefits of r.habilitation ser.ices in skilled n

关键词： Activities of Daily Living Skilled Nur.ing Facilities r.habilitation Independent Living

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Tigr.s, Euphr.tes, and Shatt Al-Ar.b r.ver.System: Histor.c and Moder. Attempts to Manage and r.stor. Ir.q’s Lifeline

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Open Jour.al of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 28-63页

作者： Kenneth r.y Olson David r. Speidel College of Agr.cultur.l Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA US Ar.y Ir.q Mosul Iraq For.ign Agr.cultur.l Ser.ice Mahmudiyah Iraq For.ign Agr.cultur.l Ser.ice Washington D.C. USA

In Ir.q, the pr.ncipal r.ver. ar. the Tigr.s, Shatt Al-Ar.b and Euphr.tes. Fr.m their.headwater.sour.es in the mountains of easter. Tür.iye, these r.ver. descend thr.ugh valleys and gor.es and flow into the uplands of Syr.a and nor.her. and centr.l alluvial plain of Ir.q. The Euphr.tes and Tigr.s r.ver. confluence to for. the Shatt Al-Ar.b r.ver.at Al-Qur.ah which flows into the Per.ian Gulf. Fr.m sour.es in the Zagr.s Mountains other.tr.butar.es join the Tigr.s fr.m the east. The Tigr.s and Euphr.tes r.ver. flow in a southeaster. dir.ction thr.ugh the centr.l plain and dischar.e into the Mesopotamian Mar.hes, which include per.anent mar.hes, lakes, and r.par.an habitat. The r.ver. and their.tr.butar.es dr.in an ar.a of 879,790 km2 which includes almost the entir. ar.a of Ir.q as well as land in Syr.a, Tür.iye, Kuwait and Ir.n. The r.gion has histor.cal impor.ance as par. of the Fer.ile Cr.scent r.gion and wher. Mesopotamian civilization fir.t emer.ed. The post war.r.constr.ction effor.s in the Yusifiyah township, an impor.ant food pr.duction r.gion for.Baghdad, illustr.te the impor.ance of these water.r.sour.es. In addition, the advent of soil tunnels by Ir.qi insur.ents within the r.ver.ne cor.idor. will make r.constr.ction of this r.sour.e mor. complex. The pr.mar. objectives of this study ar. to assess lessons lear.ed, manage, and r.stor. the Tigr.s, Euphr.tes, and Shatt Al-Ar.b r.ver.system lifeline in Ir.q.

关键词： Mesopotamian Shatt Al-Ar.b Ir.q Tigr.s Euphr.tes Baghdad Soil Tunnels Yusifiyah

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Estimating the Yield Loss of Winter.Wheat fr.m Dr.ught in the United States Souther. Plains r.gion as Influenced by El Niño-Souther. Oscillation (ENSO)

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1018-1034页

作者： Pr.m Woli Ger.ld r. Smith Char.es r. Long Fr.ncis M. r.uquette, Jr. Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Center Overton USA

Wheat (Tr.ticum aestivum L.) pr.duction is a major.economic activity in most r.gional and r.r.l ar.as in the Souther. Plains, a semi-ar.d r.gion of the United States. This r.gion is vulner.ble to dr.ught and is pr.jected to exper.ence a dr.er.climate in the futur.. Since the inter.nnual var.ability in climate in this r.gion is linked to an ocean-atmospher.c phenomenon, called El Niño-Souther. Oscillation (ENSO), dr.ughts in this r.gion may be associated with ENSO. Dr.ughts that occur.dur.ng the cr.tical gr.wth phases of wheat can be extr.mely costly. However. the losses due to an impending dr.ught can be minimized thr.ugh mitigation measur.s if it is pr.dicted in advance. Pr.dicting the yield loss fr.m an imminent dr.ught is cr.cial for.stakeholder.. One of the r.liable ways for.such pr.diction is using a plant physiology-based agr.cultur.l dr.ught index, such as Agr.cultur.l r.fer.nce Index for.Dr.ught (Ar.D). This study developed ENSO phase-specific, Ar.D-based models for.pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat in this r.gion by accounting for.its phenological phase-specific sensitivity to dr.ught. The r.asonable values of the dr.ught sensitivity coefficients of the yield model for.each ENSO phase (El Niño, La Niña, or.Neutr.l) indicated that the yield models r.flected r.asonably well the phenomena of water.str.ss decr.asing the winter.wheat yields in this r.gion dur.ng differ.nt ENSO phases. The values of var.ous goodness-of-fit measur.s used, including the Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.54 to 0.67), the Willmott Index (0.82 to 0.89), and the per.entage er.or.(20 to 26), indicated that the yield models per.or.ed fair.y well at pr.dicting the ENSO phase-specific loss of wheat yields fr.m dr.ught. This yield model may be useful for.pr.dicting yield loss fr.m dr.ught and scheduling ir.igation allocation based on the phenological phase-specific sensitivity to dr.ught as impacted by ENSO.

关键词： Ar.D Dr.ught Dr.ught Index ENSO El Niño Gr.wth-Stage Model Phenological-Phase Pr.diction Semi-Ar.d Wheat Yield Loss

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Assimilation of GOES-r.Geostationar. Lightning Mapper.Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar. EnKF, and Hybr.d En3DVar.for.the Analysis and Shor.-Ter. For.cast of a Super.ell Stor. Case

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Advances in Atmospher.c Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： r.ng KONG Ming XUE Edwar. r.MANSELL Chengsi LIU Alexandr. O.FIEr.O Center.for.Analysis and Pr.diction of Stor.s Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A Univer.ity of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A NOAA/National Sever. Stor.s Labor.tor. NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentr.lanstalt für.Meteor.logie und Geodynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to assimilate Geostationar. Oper.tional Envir.nmental Satellite “r.ser.es ”(GOES-r. Geostationar. Lightning Mapper.GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the oper.tional Gr.dpoint Statistical Inter.olation ensemble Kalman filter.GSI-EnKF) fr.mewor. wer. pr.viously developed and tested with a mesoscale convective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities ar. fur.her.developed to assimilate GOES GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-var.ational(EnVar. hybr.d data assimilation(DA) fr.mewor.. The r.sults of assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar. and pur. En3DVar.PEn3DVar. using 100% ensemble covar.ance and no static covar.ance) ar. compar.d with those of EnKF/DfEnKF for.a super.ell stor. case. The focus of this study is to validate the cor.ectness and evaluate the per.or.ance of the new implementation r.ther.than compar.ng the per.or.ance of FED DA among differ.nt DA schemes. Only the r.sults of 3DVar.and pEn3DVar.ar. examined and compar.d with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilation of a single FED obser.ation shows that the magnitude and hor.zontal extent of the analysis incr.ments fr.m PEn3DVar.ar. gener.lly lar.er.than fr.m EnKF, which is mainly caused by using differ.nt localization str.tegies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar.as well as the integr.tion limits of the gr.upel mass in the obser.ation oper.tor. Over.ll, the for.cast per.or.ance of PEn3DVar.is compar.ble to EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting cor.ect implementation.

关键词： GOES-r lightning data assimilation EnKF EnVar

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Multidimensional images and aber.ations in STEM

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 68-74页

作者： Er.c r.Hoglund Andr.w r.Lupini Center.for.Nanophase Mater.als Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831United States

r.cent advances in scanning tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scopy(STEM)have led to incr.ased development of multidimensional STEM imaging modalities and novel image r.constr.ction *** inter.st ar.ses because the main electr.n lens in a moder. tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scope usually has a diffr.ction-space infor.ation limit that is significantly better.than the r.al-space r.solution of the same *** state-of-affair. is sometimes shar.d by other.scatter.ng methods in moder. physics and contr.butes to a br.ader.excitement sur.ounding multidimensional techniques that scan a pr.be while r.cor.ing diffr.ction-space images,such as ptychogr.phy and scanning nano-beam ***,the contr.sting r.solution in the two spaces r.ises the question as to what is limiting their.effective ***,we examine this par.dox by consider.ng the effects of aber.ations in both image and diffr.ction planes,and likewise separ.te the contr.butions of pr.-and post-sample *** consider.tion pr.vides insight into aber.ation-measur.ment techniques and might also indicate impr.vements for.super.r.solution techniques.

关键词： scanning tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scopy (STEM) aber.ations

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Extr.ter.estr.al Life in the Ther.ospher.: Plasmas, UAP, Pr.-Life, Four.h State of Matter

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Jour.al of Moder. Physics 2024年第3期15卷 322-376页

作者： r. Joseph C. Impey O. Planchon r. del Gaudio M. Abu Safa A. r. Sumanar.thna E. Ansbr. D. Duvall G. Bianciar.i C. H. Gibson r. Schild Astr.biology r.sear.h Center California USA Depar.ment of Astr.nomy University of Arizona Tucson USA Biogéosciences Labor.tor. University of Burgundy Dijon France Depar.ment of Biology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Depar.ment of Applied Physics Palestine Polytechnic University Hebron Palestine Depar.ment of r.sear.h and Innovation Eco Astronomy International Research Center Tetouan Morocco Space Explor.tion Ltd. Boyle County Roscommon Ireland Depar.ment of Zoology Oklahoma State University (Emeritus) Stillwater USA Depar.ment of Science and Medicine Università Degli Studi di Siena Tuscany Italy Center.for.Astr.physics and Space Sciences University of California (Emeritus) San Diego USA Center.for.Astr.physics Harvard-Smithsonian (Emeritus) Cambridge USA

“Plasmas” up to a kilometer.in size and behaving similar.y to multicellular.or.anisms have been filmed on 10 separ.te NASA space shuttle missions, over.200 miles above Ear.h within the ther.ospher.. These self-illuminated “plasmas” ar. attr.cted to and may “feed on” electr.magnetic r.diation. They have differ.nt mor.hologies: 1) cone, 2) cloud, 3) donut, 4) spher.cal-cylindr.cal;and have been filmed flying towar.s and descending fr.m the ther.ospher. into thunder.tor.s;congr.gating by the hundr.ds and inter.cting with satellites gener.ting electr.magnetic activity;appr.aching the Space Shuttles. Computer.zed analysis of flight path tr.jector.es documents these plasmas tr.vel at differ.nt velocities fr.m differ.nt dir.ctions and change their.angle of tr.jector. making 45°, 90°, and 180° shifts and follow each other. They’ve been filmed acceler.ting, slowing down, stopping, congr.gating, engaging in “hunter.pr.dator.” behavior.and inter.ecting plasmas leaving a plasma dust tr.il in their.wake. Similar.life-like behavior. have been demonstr.ted by plasmas cr.ated exper.mentally. “Plasmas” may have been photogr.phed in the 1940s by WWII pilots (identified as “Foo fighter.”);r.peatedly obser.ed and filmed by astr.nauts and militar. pilots and classified as Unidentified Aer.al—Anomalous Phenomenon. Plasmas ar. not biological but may r.pr.sent a for. of pr.-life that via the incor.or.tion of elements common in space, could r.sult in the synthesis of r.A. Plasmas constitute a four.h state of matter. ar. attr.cted to electr.magnetic activity, and when obser.ed in the lower.atmospher. likely account for.many of the UFO-UAP sightings over.the centur.es.

关键词： Extr.ter.estr.als Plasmas Dusty Plasmas Extr.mophiles Life in Space Abiogenesis Or.gins of Life r.A Wor.d

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Estimating the Dr.ught-Induced Yield Loss for.Winter.Wheat in a Semi-Ar.d r.gion of the Souther. United States Using a Dr.ught Index

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 812-829页

作者： Pr.m Woli Qingwu Xue Ger.ld r. Smith Char.es r. Long Fr.ncis M. r.uquette Jr. Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Center Overton Texas USA Texas A&M Agr.Life r.sear.h Center Amarillo Texas USA

The economy of most r.r.l locations in the semi-ar.d r.gion of Llano Estacado in the souther. United States is pr.dominantly based on agr.cultur., pr.mar.ly beef and wheat (Tr.ticum aestivum L.) pr.duction. This r.gion is pr.ne to dr.ught and is pr.jected to exper.ence a dr.er.climate. Dr.ughts that coincide with the cr.tical phenological phases of a cr.p can be r.mar.ably costly. Although dr.ught cannot be pr.vented, its losses can be minimized thr.ugh mitigation measur.s if it is pr.dicted in advance. Pr.dicting yield loss fr.m an imminent dr.ught is an impor.ant need of stakeholder.. One way to fulfill this need is using an agr.cultur.l dr.ught index, such as the Agr.cultur.l r.fer.nce Index for.Dr.ught (Ar.D). Being plant physiology-based, Ar.D can r.pr.sent dr.ught-yield r.lationships accur.tely. This study developed an Ar.D-based yield model for.pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat in this r.gion by accounting for.its phenological phase-specific sensitivity to water.str.ss. The r.asonable values of the dr.ught sensitivity coefficients of the yield model indicated that it could r.flect the phenomenon of water.str.ss decr.asing the winter.wheat yields in this r.gion r.asonably. The values of the var.ous metr.cs used to evaluate the model, including Willmott Index (0.86), Nash-Sutcliffe Index (0.61), and per.entage er.or.(26), indicated that the yield model per.or.ed fair.y well at pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat. The yield model may be useful for.pr.dicting the dr.ught-induced yield loss for.winter.wheat in the study r.gion and scheduling ir.igation allocation based on phenological phase-specific dr.ught sensitivity.

关键词： Ar.D Dr.ught Dr.ught index Gr.wth-stage Model Phenological-Phase Pr.diction Semi-Ar.d Wheat Yield

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Char.cter.zation of ear.y matur.ng elite genotypes based on MTSI and MGIDI indexes:an illustr.tion in upland cotton(Gossypium hir.utum L.)

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Jour.al of Cotton r.sear.h 2024年第3期7卷 253-265页

作者： D S r.J Supr.tha PATIL r.jesh S. PATIL Bhuvaneshwar. r. NAYAK Spur.hi N. PAWAr.Kasu N. Depar.ment of Genetics and Plant Br.eding College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Agr.cultur.l r.sear.h Station Dharwad 580005India Depar.ment of Biotechnology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Depar.ment of Cr.p Physiology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India

Backgr.und Globally,the cultivation of cotton is constr.ined by its tendency for.extended per.ods of *** matur.ty plays a potential r.le in r.infed-based multiple cr.pping system especially in the cur.ent er. of climate *** the cur.ent study,a set of 20 diver.e Gossypium hir.utum genotypes wer. evaluated in two cr.p seasons with thr.e planting densities and assessed for.11 mor.hological tr.its r.lated to ear.y *** study aimed to identify genotype(s)that matur. r.pidly and accomplish well under.diver.e envir.nmental conditions based on the two r.bust multivar.ate techniques called multi-tr.it stability index(MTSI)and multi-tr.it genotype-ideotype distance index(MGIDI).r.sults MTSI analysis r.vealed that out of the 20 genotypes,thr.e genotypes,viz.,NNDC-30,A-2,and S-32 accomplished well in ter.s of ear.y matur.ty tr.its in two ***,thr.e genotypes wer. selected using MGIDI method for.each planting densities with a selection intensity of 15%.The str.ngths and weaknesses of the genotypes selected based on MGIDI method highlighted that the br.eder. could focus on developing ear.y-matur.ng genotypes with specific tr.its such as days to fir.t flower.and boll *** selected genotypes exhibited positive genetic gains for.tr.its r.lated to ear.iness and a successful har.est dur.ng the fir.t and second ***,ther. wer. negative gains for.tr.its r.lated to flower.ng and boll *** The study identified thr.e genotypes exhibiting ear.y matur.ty and accomplished well under.differ.nt planting *** multivar.ate methods(MTSI and MGIDI)ser.e as novel appr.aches for.selecting desir.d genotypes in plant br.eding pr.gr.ms,especially acr.ss var.ous gr.wing *** methods offer.exclusive benefits and can easily constr.e and minimize multicollinear.ty issues.

关键词： Cotton MTSI MGIDI Genotype envir.nment inter.ction Ear.y matur.ty Multi-tr.it Multi-envir.nment

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Kinematic analysis of flexible bipedal r.botic systems

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 795-818页

作者： r.FAZEL A.M.SHAFEI S.r.NEKOO Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman ***Iran Depar.amento de Ingenier.a de Sistemas y Automatica Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenieriaUniversidad de SevillaSeville 41092Spain

In spite of its intr.nsic complexities,the passive gait of bipedal r.bots on a sloping r.mp is a subject of inter.st for.numer.us *** distinguishes the pr.sent r.sear.h fr.m similar.wor.s is the consider.tion of flexibility in the constituent links of this type of r.botic *** is not a far.fetched assumption because in the tr.nsient(impact)phase,due to the impulsive for.es which ar. applied to the system,the likelihood of exciting the vibr.tion modes incr.ases ***,the human leg bones that ar. involved in walking ar. suppor.ed by viscoelastic muscles and ***,for.achieving mor. exact r.sults,it is essential to model the r.bot links with viscoelastic *** this end,the Gibbs-Appell for.ulation and Newton's kinematic impact law ar. used to der.ve the most gener.l for. of the system's dynamic equations in the swing and tr.nsient phases of *** most impor.ant issue in the passive walking motion of bipedal r.bots is the deter.ination of the initial r.bot configur.tion with which the system could accomplish a per.odic and stable gait solely under.the effect of gr.vitational *** extr.mely unstable natur. of the system studied in this paper.and the vibr.tions caused by the impulsive for.es induced by the impact of r.bot feet with the inclined sur.ace ar. some of the ver. ser.ous challenges encounter.d for.achieving the above-mentioned *** over.ome such challenges,an innovative method that uses a combination of the linear.zed equations of motion in the swing phase and the algebr.ic motion equations in the tr.nsition phase is pr.sented in this paper.to obtain an eigenvalue *** solving this pr.blem,the suitable initial conditions that ar. necessar. for.the passive gait of this bipedal r.bot on a sloping sur.ace ar. *** effects of the char.cter.stic par.meter. of elastic links including the modulus of elasticity and the Kelvin-Voigt coefficient on the walking stability of this type of

关键词： bipedal r.bot flexible link swing phase tr.nsient phase eigenvalue pr.blem Kelvin-Voigt coefficient

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Hologr.phic dar. ener.y in non-conser.ed gr.vity theor.

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Communications in Theor.tical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 126-133页

作者： H r.Fazlollahi Institute of Gr.vitation and Cosmology Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)6 Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow117198Russia

r.cently, r.consider.ng the r.stall idea T_(μ;νν)^(v)=α_(,μ) thr.ugh r.lativistic ther.odynamics gives a new for. for.the scalar.field α which led us to constr.ct moder. modified theor. of gr.vity debugged ‘non-conser.ed gr.vity theor.’ Fazlollahi 2023 Eur.. Phys. J. C 83 923. This theor. unlike other.modified theor.es of gr.vity cannot dir.ctly explain the cur.ent acceler.tion expansion in the absence of the cosmological constant and or.existence of other.for.s of dar. ener.y. Hence, in this study we have r.investigated hologr.phic dar. ener.y Ρ_(X)~H^(2) in the non-conser.ed theor. of gr.vity. In this context, the density and pr.ssur. of dar. ener.y depend on the non-conser.ed ter. and density of the dust matter.field. As shown, due to non-conser.ation effects on lar.e-scale str.ctur.s, unlike the or.ginal hologr.phic model, our.model onsets an acceler.tion epoch for.the cur.ent Univer.e satisfies obser.ations. Mor.over. the inter.ction and viscous scenar.os ar. studied for.this model.

关键词： non-conser.ed gr.vity covar.ant for. of ther.odynamics hologr.phic dar. ener.y

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