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Effects of Co-Firing Biomass and Pulverized Coal on NO Reduction in Cement Precalciner

Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 751-760页

作者： LI Pengpeng REN Qiangqiang lyu qinggang WANG Mingyue School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

With increased awareness of the large-scale CO_(2) emissions from the cement industry,there has been growing focus on greenhouse gas reduction *** all these strategies,fuel substitution using biomass fuel is extensively used to achieve CO_(2) zero-emission in cement *** to the avoidable high-temperature-generated thermal nitrogen oxides during cement production,research on the impact of biomass application on nitrogen oxide emissions shall be carried *** types of biomass fuel and bituminous coal were used to investigate the NO reduction characteristics under different O_(2) concentrations on experimental *** was found that the change in oxygen concentration from 9% to 1% increased the reaction time in the reactor from 555 s to 1425 s,which means the increase in oxygen concentration can lead to shorter reaction time,and correspondingly,the existing time of nitric oxide in the flue gas is also shortened,but the peak value of nitric oxide rises,during the process of O_(2) concentration changing from 1% to 9%,the peak NO concentration in the flue gas increased from 5.4×10^(-5) to 1.05×10^(-4).An increase in O_(2) concentration greatly reduces the total reduction of NO and the minimum change in NO *** peak NO concentration during the combustion process of corn stalk is 4.56×10^(-4),which is approximately 7 times higher than that of coal,and it is caused by the high amount of N in corn *** addition of raw meal has an inhibitory effect on the reduction of NO:after adding raw meal,the effective reduction time of NO by fuel decreased by about 20%,but adding raw meal raises CO_(2) concentration of fuel gas in the early stage of reaction.

关键词： cement precalciner biomass fuel coal NO reduction co-firing

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Experimental study on the activation of coal gasification fly ash from industrial CFB gasifiers

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 8-18页

作者： Qiyao Yang Xiaobin Qi qinggang lyu Zhiping Zhu North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal Flexible Combustion and Thermal Conversion Datong 037000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Coal Clean Efficient Combustion and GasificationDatong 037000China

Coal gasification fly ash(CGFA)is an industrial solid waste from the coal circulating fluidized bed(CFB)gasification process,and it needs to be effectively disposed to achieve sustainable development of the *** realize the application of CGFA as a precursor of porous carbon materials,the physicochemical properties of three kinds of CGFA from industrial CFB gasifiers are ***,the activation potential of CGFA is acquired via steam activation experiments in a tube furnace ***,the fluidization activation technology of CGFA is practiced in a bench-scale CFB test rig,and its advantages are *** results show that CGFA is characterized by a high carbon content in the range of 54.06%–74.09%,an ultrafine particle size(d50:16.3–26.1 μm),and a relatively developed pore structure(specific surface area SSA:139.29–551.97 m^(2)·g^(-1)).The proportion of micropores in CGFA increases gradually with the coal *** activation experiments show that the pore development of CGFA mainly includes three stages:initial pore development,dynamic equilibrium between micropores and mesopores and pore *** SSA of lignite fly ash(LFA),subbituminous fly ash(SBFA)and anthracite fly ash(AFA)is maximally increased by 105%,13%and 72%after steam activation;the order of the largest carbon reaction rate and decomposition ratio of steam among the three kinds of CGFA is SBFA>LFA>*** the ratio of oxygen to carbon during the fluidization activation of LFA is from 0.09 to 0.19,the carbon conversion ratio increases from 14.4%to 26.8%and the cold gas efficiency increases from 6.8%to 10.2%.The SSA of LFA increases by up to 53.9%during the fluidization activation process,which is mainly due to the mesoporous *** to steam activation in a tube furnace reactor,fluidization activation takes an extremely short time(seconds)to achieve the same activation *** is expected to further improve the activation effect of LFA by regulating the carbo

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Coal gasification fly ash Steam activation Pore structure evolution Fluidization activation

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Modification of Melting Combustion Kinetic Model of Fine Ash from Entrained-Flow Gasifier

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 300-310页

作者： WANG Wenyu LI Wei LU Yu REN Qiangqiang lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Coal gasification technology is a prominent technology in the coal chemical industry and serves as the fundamental basis for various process industries,including coal-based chemicals,coal-based liquid fuels,Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle(IGCC) power generation,multi-generation systems,hydrogen production,and fuel *** gasification process generates significant quantities of ash residue,with annual emissions exceeding tens of millions of tons and accumulation reaching hundreds of millions of ***,there is an urgent need to investigate methods for its *** combustion of gasified fine ash(GFA) was conducted in a tube furnace,and the conventional shrinking core model was modified to accurately predict the combustion behaviors at different temperatures(900℃-1500℃).We divided the reaction temperatures into three ranges,which is defined as unmelted combustion(TFT) and mixed combustion(DTFT),the surface ash of GFA grains fell off,and the residual carbon and gas-phase reactants were nearly no longer affected by the diffusion resistance,thus significantly accelerated the reaction of internal residual *** order to predict the melt combustion process more accurately,the time term of the shrinkage core model(SCM) is modified,and the effective diffusion coefficient of T>FT is defined.

关键词： fine ash melting combustion kinetic model combustion characteristics

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Experimental Study on Structural Optimization of a Supercritical Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler with an Annular Furnace and Six Cyclones

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Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第5期26卷 472-482页

作者： WANG Xiaofang SHUAI Daping lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Annular furnace CFBs with six cyclones represent new designs for large capacity CFB boilers over 660 MW. To investigate the gas-solid flow non-uniformity and its main influencing factors, an experimental study was carried out in the cold-test rig of an annular furnace CFB with six cyclones. The influence of furnace structure and cyclone arrangement on the non-uniformity of gas-solid flow was obtained. On the basis of these findings, the structure of the annular furnace CFB with six cyclones was optimized, and an optimal structure was obtained. The results show that for newly designed annular furnace CFBs, the non-uniformity of gas-solid flow among loops is no greater than that of traditional CFBs. In terms of uniformity, side cyclones rotating inward are superior to those rotating outward. The position of the side cyclones determines the basic solid circulating rate distribution trend and can dramatically improve flow non-uniformity. The middle cyclone positions and the symmetric modes of the cyclones do not determine the solid circulating rate distribution trend and have less effect on DEVGs. Forty-five degree chamfers of outer ring walls can reduce wall erosion and the non-uniformity of gas-solid flow in the circulating fluidized bed. Regarding the operating and structural conditions in this work, the optimal structure of annular furnace CFBs is Type 6: side cyclones rotating inward and b = a/2, d = 0.1c; the center of the middle cyclone inlet located at the centerline of the furnace cross-section; cyclones on the two sides of the furnace in an axisymmetric arrangement; and a furnace corner shape of 45° chamfers. Under the given operating conditions, the DEV_(Gs) for the optimal structure are approximately 4.0%~10.3%.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed annular furnace parallel cyclones flow non-uniformity structure optimization

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Experimental study on the activation of coal gasifi cation fl y ash from industrial CFB gasifi ers

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中国化学工程学报（英文版） 2024年第1期 8页

作者： Qiyao Yang Xiaobin Qi qinggang lyu Zhiping Zhu

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红砖掺杂改性白云鄂博铁精矿载氧体性能

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化工进展 2024年第4期43卷 2226-2234页

作者：张鹏飞陈伟鹏肖卓楠吕青岗张顺风张子峰内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院内蒙古包头014010 内蒙古包钢股份长材厂内蒙古包头014010 东北电力大学能源与动力工程学院吉林吉林132012

采用机械混合法,添加建筑固废红砖粉末制备改性白云鄂博铁精矿载氧体,通过热重分析仪和管式炉实验,分析红砖粉末添加量对CO化学链燃烧性能优化效果,并通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、比表面积分析以及动力学分析等表征手段分析其机制... 详细信息

采用机械混合法,添加建筑固废红砖粉末制备改性白云鄂博铁精矿载氧体,通过热重分析仪和管式炉实验,分析红砖粉末添加量对CO化学链燃烧性能优化效果,并通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、比表面积分析以及动力学分析等表征手段分析其机制。结果表明,通过DTG曲线可以看出白云鄂博铁精矿载氧体与CO的反应温度基本都高于800℃,红砖粉末改性载氧体可以提升化学链燃烧反应速率,加快反应进程,特别是2.5%红砖改性样品,在950℃下反应效果是最优的,CO_(2)产率达到了87%;通过对程序升温实验数据进行动力学分析,发现红砖粉末可以缩短其与CO的反应时间,加快反应进程,并且基于循环反应实验,改性载氧体表现出了更稳定的碳转化率。其反应能力的提升和循环稳定性的加强主要是由于红砖粉末使载氧体具有更高的比表面积和孔隙结构所致。

关键词：铁精矿化学链燃烧载氧体建筑固废动力学分析

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Slagging Characteristics and Optimization of Operating Temperature on High-Alkali Coal Gasification

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第2期30卷 644-655页

作者： FAN Yanqi ZHANG Haixia ZHU Zhiping lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In order to mitigate the slagging risks of high-alkali coal (HAC) gasification while optimizing the operating temperatures for practical application,the experimental and calculational works were performed on the horizontal tubular furnace system and the FactSage 7.2 software,*** slagging tendencies of three HACs were anticipated by applying different indexes of ash chemistry characteristics prior to experiments,but the determined results were found *** relationship between Na retained ratio (RNa) and the ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) of gasification residues demonstrated that the AFTs of coal with high RNa are low,while AFTs of coal with low RNa are ***,when the residues contained a large number of calcium-containing silicates and aluminosilicates,the ATFs were reduced significantly even if its RNa stayed at a low ***,the operating temperatures of the three coals (in order of Mulei coal,Shaerhu coal,and Tietou coal) were suggested to be controlled below 1150℃,1100℃,and 950℃,respectively.

关键词： high-alkali coal slagging gasification FactSage ash fusion temperatures

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Physicochemical Properties of Coal Gasification Fly Ash from Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1710-1720页

作者： YANG Qiyao QI Xiaobin lyu qinggang ZHU Zhiping School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The coal gasification fly ash(CGFA) is an industrial solid waste from coal gasification process and needs to be effectively disposed for environmental protection and resource *** further clarify the feasibility of CGFA to prepare porous carbon materials,the physicochemical properties of ten kinds of CGFA from circulating fluidized bed(CFB) gasifiers were analyzed in *** results of proximate and ultimate analysis show that the CGFA is characterized with the features of near zero moisture content,low volatile content as low as 0.90%-9.76%,high carbon content in the range of 37.89%-81.62%,and ultrafine particle size(d50=15.8-46.2 μm).The automatic specific surface area(SSA) and pore size analyzer were used to detect the pore structure,it is found that the pore structure of CGFA is relatively developed,and part of the CGFA has the basic conditions to be used directly as porous carbon *** SEM images,the microscopic morphology of the CGFA is significantly different,and they basically have the characteristics of loose and porous *** and Roman spectroscopy were used to characterize the carbon *** result shows that the CGFA contains abundant amorphous carbon structure,and thus the CGFA has a good reactivity and a potential to improve pore structure through further *** thermal gravimetric analysis,it can be concluded that the order of reactivity of the CGFA under CO_(2) atmosphere has a good correlation with the degree of metamorphism of the raw *** gasification reactivity of the CGFA is generally consistent with the change trend of micropores combined with the pore *** to the physicochemical properties,the CGFA has a good application prospect in the preparation of porous carbon materials.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed coal gasification fly ash physicochemical properties pore structure porous carbon materials

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Characteristics of Preheating Combustion of Power Coal with High Coking Properties

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1108-1115页

作者： ZHANG Yi ZHU Jianguo lyu qinggang PAN Fei ZHU Shujun Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Yankuang coal with the high coking property is difficult to use through direct *** main purpose of this paper is to study the combustion characteristics and NO_(x)emissions of this type of coal using preheating combustion *** experimental results show that after the pulverized coal is preheated,the char residue characteristic is significantly reduced from 5 to *** the preheating process,the preheating temperature is stable at about 910°C,and the particle size of char after preheating is reduced,and the pore structure and specific surface areas are *** combustion temperature of preheated fuel is stable at around 1100℃,and the combustion efficiency can reach more than 99%under different *** the structure of the secondary air nozzles during the preheating combustion process can influence the characteristics of NO_(x)*** NO_(x)emission of the central nozzle is about 112 mg/Nm~(3)lower than that of the annular *** the tertiary air distribution modes can reduce the final NO_(x)emissions to 215 mg/Nm~3(@6%O_2),and the corresponding conversion ratio of fuel N to the final NO_(x)is 4.2%.The results of this experiment prove that the Yankuang coal can achieve stable combustion by preheating combustion technology,and this proposed a new way for the utilization of Yankuang coal.

关键词： Yankuang coal coking properties preheating combustion NO_(x)emissions

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Effect of Atmosphere on HCI Releasement during MSWI Fly Ash Thermal Treatment

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第6期32卷 2243-2255页

作者： YANG Guiyun REN Qiangqiang ZHOU Li XU Jing lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI)fly ash constitutes a hazardous *** disposal has been verified to be prospective for stabilizing heavy metals and *** of contaminant HCl during MSWI fly ash thermal treatment leads to potential environmental *** behavior and transformation of chlorine are critical to the disposal strategy of MSWI fly *** this study,the pathway of HCl formation in MSWI fly ash thermal treatment under complex atmosphere was *** show that CaOHCl in fly ash was first decomposed to CaCl_(2),CaO and H_(2)O below 550°C,which provides H for HCl ***,CaCl_(2),NaCl or KCl were reacted with H_(2)O to release HCI,during which process H_(2)O and O2 promote HCl formation,CO inhibit HCl production since H_(2)O is consumed in water-gas *** initial temperature of HCl generation affected by the concentration of H_(2)O in the *** temperature up to 1250°C,almost all NaCl or KCl were volatilized,HCl mainly from the reaction of chlorine-containing minerals with H_(2)O,such as Ca_(19.2)Mg_(2.8)(Si_(0.75)Al_(0.75))8 O36Cl_(2),Ca4(SiO4)(SO4)Cl_(2)and Ca10(SiO4)3Cl_(2)in N_(2),CO and air atmosphere ***,in a reducing atmosphere,metals are more easily chlorinated by HCI,resulting in further consumption of *** order of atmosphere for reducing HCl emissions should be CO>N_(2)>Air>>H_(2)O.

关键词： municipal solid waste incineration fly ash thermal treatment HCl emission atmosphere

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