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The genetic basis and process of inbreeding depression in an elite hybrid rice

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1727-1738页

作者： Xiaodong Xu Yawen Xu Jian Che Xu Han Zhengji Wang Xianmeng Wang Qinghua zhang Xu Li Qinglu zhang Jinghua Xiao Xianghua Li qifa zhang Yidan Ouyang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Inbreeding depression refers to the reduced performance arising from increased homozygosity,a phenomenon that is the reverse of heterosis and exists among plants and *** a natural self-pollinated crop with strong heterosis,the mechanism of inbreeding depression in rice is largely *** understand the genetic basis of inbreeding depression,we constructed a successive inbreeding population from the F_(2)to F_(4)generation and observed inbreeding depression of all heterotic traits in the progeny along with the decay of heterozygosity in each *** expected depression effect was largely explained by 13 QTLs showing dominant effects for spikelets per panicle,11 for primary branches,and 12 for secondary branches,and these loci constitute the main correlation between heterosis and inbreeding ***,the genetic basis of inbreeding depression is also distinct from that of heterosis,such that a biased transmission ratio of alleles for QTLs with either dominant or additive effects in four segregation distortion regions would result in minor effects in expected ***,two-locus interactions may change the extent and direction of the depression effects of the target loci,and overall interactions would promote inbreeding depression among *** an F_(2:3)variation population,the actual performance of the loci showing expected depression was evaluated considering the heterozygosity decay in the background after *** found inconsistent or various degrees of background depression from the F_(2)to F_(3)generation assuming different genotypes of the target locus,which may affect the actual depression effect of the locus due to *** results suggest that the genetic architecture of inbreeding depression and heterosis is closely linked but also differs in their intrinsic mechanisms,which expand our understanding of the whole-genome architecture of inbreeding depression.

关键词： rice inbreeding depression spikelet development dominance segregation distortion epistasis

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涡激振动小圆柱对翼型气动力影响的数值研究

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哈尔滨工程大学学报 2024年第4期45卷 739-747页

作者：陈东阳徐瑞张祥张启发芮筱亭西北工业大学海洋研究院江苏苏州215000 浙江金马逊智能制造股份有限公司浙江丽水321403 西北工业大学深圳研究院广东深圳518063 扬州大学电气与能源动力工程学院江苏扬州225100 海油发展珠海管道工程有限公司广东珠海519050 南京理工大学发射动力学研究所江苏南京210094

在大攻角来流时,翼型吸力面气流常产生流动分离现象,使翼型气动性能恶化。针对大攻角情况下的流动分离现象,本文在翼型前缘加入控制柱,通过数值仿真探究发生涡激振动的小圆柱对于翼型气动力的影响。基于计算流体力学、结构动力学和嵌套... 详细信息

在大攻角来流时,翼型吸力面气流常产生流动分离现象,使翼型气动性能恶化。针对大攻角情况下的流动分离现象,本文在翼型前缘加入控制柱,通过数值仿真探究发生涡激振动的小圆柱对于翼型气动力的影响。基于计算流体力学、结构动力学和嵌套网格技术,本文建立了二维流固耦合模型。以NACA0012翼型为例,对翼型前缘设置涡激振动圆柱的流场情况进行模拟,并且对比了静止圆柱与振动圆柱情况下的流场变化。通过流线图和涡量云图分析了小圆柱流动控制的机理。仿真结果表明:设置静止小圆柱可以提高大攻角下的翼型升阻比,使小圆柱产生涡激振动之后,能够进一步有效地提高大攻角下的翼型升阻比50%以上。涡激振动小圆柱的引入在大攻角条件下对提升翼型升阻比具有显著效果,为改善翼型气动性能提供了一种有效的流动控制手段。

关键词：数值模拟流动分离涡激振动计算流体力学翼型结构动力学柱体嵌套网格

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聚脲在海管节点补口防腐涂层中的应用研究

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涂料工业 2024年第7期54卷 60-64页

作者：相政乐张启发赵利赵岑贾振张祥海油发展珠海管道工程有限公司广东珠海519000

为简化海管节点施工工艺,同时降低节点补口成本,开展了喷涂聚脲在节点补口防腐涂层中的适用性研究。以国内A公司和国外B公司的喷涂聚脲分别制备海管节点防腐涂层,并对涂层性能进行系统全面的分析研究。结果表明:聚脲涂层均表现出优异的... 详细信息

为简化海管节点施工工艺,同时降低节点补口成本,开展了喷涂聚脲在节点补口防腐涂层中的适用性研究。以国内A公司和国外B公司的喷涂聚脲分别制备海管节点防腐涂层,并对涂层性能进行系统全面的分析研究。结果表明:聚脲涂层均表现出优异的力学性能、电绝缘性、耐水性及热处理后拉伸强度保持率,但是其与基材的界面黏结在阴极剥离试验后会出现失效的情况,同时2种涂层经盐、碱、酸处理后拉伸强度保持率也较差。

关键词：聚脲防腐涂层海管节点补口

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Understanding the genetic and molecular constitutions of heterosis for developing hybrid rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 385-393页

作者： Yidan Ouyang Xu Li qifa zhang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The wide adoption of hybrid rice has greatly increased rice yield in the last several *** utilization of heterosis facilitated by male sterility has been a common strategy for hybrid rice ***,we summarize our efforts in the genetic and molecular understanding of heterosis and male sterility together with the related progress from other research *** of F1 diallel crosses show that strong heterosis widely exists in hybrids of diverse germplasms,and inter-subspecific hybrids often display higher *** the elite hybrid Shanyou 63 as a model,an immortalized F2 population design is conducted for systematic characterization of the biological mechanism of heterosis,with identification of loci controlling heterosis of yield and yield component ***,overdominance,and epistasis all play important roles in the genetic basis of heterosis;quantitative assessment of these components well addressed the three classical genetic hypotheses for ***-sensitive genic male sterility(EGMS)enables the development of two-line hybrids,and long noncoding RNAs often function as regulators of ***-subspecific hybrids show greatly reduced fertility;the identification and molecular characterization of hybrid sterility genes offer strategies for overcoming inter-subspecific hybrid *** developments have significant implications for future hybrid rice improvement using genomic breeding.

关键词： Rice Heterosis Hybrid rice breeding

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国家区域医疗中心协作医院同质化发展实践探索

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现代医院 2024年第2期24卷 168-171页

作者：张啟发王国辉冯超邱冰杨卓北京积水潭医院贵州医院贵州贵阳550014 北京积水潭医院北京100035

促进优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局,满足人民群众日益增长的高质量就医需求,是新医改的必备路径。本文以贵州省某国家区域医疗中心医院为例,通过输出医院与项目医院协同合作,引入发达地区医院优质资源,促进项目医院管理、人才、技术... 详细信息

促进优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局,满足人民群众日益增长的高质量就医需求,是新医改的必备路径。本文以贵州省某国家区域医疗中心医院为例,通过输出医院与项目医院协同合作,引入发达地区医院优质资源,促进项目医院管理、人才、技术、学科、文化与输出医院同质化发展,为西南欠发达区域医疗卫生事业高质量发展蓄力赋能,并为新形势下国家区域医疗中心项目医院运行发展提供参考。

关键词：国家区域医疗中心协作医院同质发展实践

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miR‑423 sponged by lncRNA NORHA inhibits granulosa cell apoptosis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 632-644页

作者： Yuqi Li Zhuofan zhang Siqi Wang Xing Du qifa Li College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Background Atresia and degeneration,a follicular developmental fate that reduces female fertility and is triggered by granulosa cell(GC)apoptosis,have been induced by dozens of ***,we report a miRNA,miR-423,that inhibits the initiation of follicular atresia(FA),and early apoptosis of *** We showed that miR-423 was down-regulated during sow FA,and its levels in follicles were negatively correlated with the GC density and the P4/E2 ratio in the follicular fluid in *** in vitro gain-of-function experiments revealed that miR-423 suppresses cell apoptosis,especially early apoptosis in *** speaking,the miR-423 targets and interacts with the 3’-UTR of the porcine SMAD7 gene,which encodes an apoptosis-inducing factor in GCs,and represses its expression and pro-apoptotic ***,FA and the GC apoptosis-related lncRNA NORHA was demonstrated as a ceRNA of ***,we showed that a single base deletion/insertion in the miR-423 promoter is significantly associated with the number of stillbirths(NSB)trait of *** These results demonstrate that miR-423 is a small molecule for inhibiting FA initiation and GC early apoptosis,suggesting that treating with miR-423 may be a novel approach for inhibiting FA initiation and improving female fertility.

关键词： Granulosa cell apoptosis miR-423 NORHA SMAD7 Sow fertility traits

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Spontaneous movement of a retrotransposon generated genic dominant male sterility providing a useful tool for rice breeding

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 204-213页

作者： Conghao Xu Yifeng Xu Zhengji Wang Xiaoyu zhang Yuying Wu Xinyan Lu Hongwei Sun Lei Wang Qinglu zhang Qinghua zhang Xianghua Li Jinghua Xiao Xu Li Mingfu Zhao Yidan Ouyang Xianbo Huang qifa zhang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural University Ningde Inspection and Testing Centre for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Sanming Institute of Agricultural Sciences

Male sterility in plants provides valuable breeding tools in germplasm innovation and hybrid crop ***,genetic resources for dominant genic male sterility,which hold great promise to facilitate breeding processes,are extremely rare in natural *** we characterized the Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterility in rice and identified the gene SDGMS using a map-based cloning *** found that spontaneous movement of a 1978-bp long terminal repeat(LTR) retrotransposon into the promoter region of the SDGMS gene activates its expression in anther tapetum,which causes abnormal programmed cell death of tapetal cells resulting in dominant male *** encodes a ribosome inactivating protein showing N-glycosidase *** activation of SD GMS triggers transcription reprogramming of genes responsive to biotic stress leading to a hypersensitive response which causes *** results demonstrate that an ectopic gene activation by transposon movement can give birth to a novel trait which enriches phenotypic diversity with practical utility.

关键词： Oryza sativa dominant male sterility ribosome-inactivating protein retrotransposon

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The molecular and evolutionary basis of reproductive isolation in plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第11期45卷 613-620页

作者： Yidan Ouyang qifa zhang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

Reproductive isolation is defined as processes that prevent individuals of different populations from mating, survival or producing fertile offspring. Reproductive isolation is critical for driving speciation and maintaining species identity, which has been a fundamental concern in evolutionary biology. In plants,reproductive isolation can be divided into prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers, according to its occurrence at different developmental stages. Postzygotic reproductive isolation caused by reduced fitness in hybrids is frequently observed in plants, which hinders gene flow between divergent populations and has substantial effects on genetic differentiation and speciation, and thus is a major obstacle for utilization of heterosis in hybrid crops. During the past decade, China has made tremendous progress in molecular and evolutionary basis of prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers in plants. Present understandings in reproductive isolation especially with new data in the last several years well support three evolutionary genetic models, which represent a general mechanism underlying genomic differentiation and speciation. The updated understanding will offer new approaches for the development of wide-compatibility or neutral varieties, which facilitate breeding of hybrid rice as well as other hybrid crops.

关键词： Reproductive isolation Parallel divergence model Sequential divergence model Parallel-sequential divergence model Hybrid sterility Hybrid necrosis/weakness Hybrid lethality Wide-compatibility

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Review and prospect of transgenic rice research

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第18期54卷 4049-4068页

作者： CHEN Hao LIN YongJun zhang qifa National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

Rice is one of the most important crops as the staple food for more than half of the world's population. Rice improvement has achieved remarkable success in the past half-century, with the yield doubled in most parts of the world and even tripled in certain regions, which has contributed greatly to food security globally. Rapid population growth and economic development pose a constantly increased food requirement. However, rice yield has been hovering in the past decade, which is mainly caused by the absence of novel breeding technologies, reduction of genetic diversity of rice cultivars, and serious yield loss due to increasingly severe occurrences of insects, diseases, and abiotic stresses. To address these challenges, Chinese scientists proposed a novel rice breeding goal of developing Green Super Rice to improve rice varieties and realize the sustainable development of agriculture, by focusing on the following 5 classes of traits: insect and disease resistance, drought-tolerance, nutrient-use efficiency, quality and yield potential. As a modern breeding approach, transgenic strategy will play an important role in realizing the goal of Green Super Rice. Presently, many transgenic studies of rice have been conducted, and most of target traits are consistent with the goal of Green Super Rice. In this paper, we firstly review technical advances of rice transformation, and then outline the main progress in transgenic rice research with respect to the most important traits: insect and disease-resistance, drought-tolerance, nutrient-use efficiency, quality, yield potential and herbicide-tolerance. The prospects of developing transgenic rice are also discussed.

关键词：转基因水稻展望农作物发展

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Nonlinear Flap-Wise Vibration Characteristics ofWind Turbine Blades Based onMulti-Scale AnalysisMethod

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Energy Engineering 2024年第2期121卷 483-498页

作者： qifa Lang Yuqiao Zheng Tiancai Cui Chenglong Shi Heyu zhang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China

This work presents a novel approach to achieve nonlinear vibration response based on the Hamilton *** chose the 5-MW reference wind turbine which was established by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL),to research the effects of the nonlinear flap-wise vibration *** turbine wheel is simplified by treating the blade of a wind turbine as an Euler-Bernoulli beam,and the nonlinear flap-wise vibration characteristics of the wind turbine blades are discussed based on the simplification ***,the blade’s large-deflection flap-wise vibration governing equation is established by considering the nonlinear term involving the centrifugal ***,it is truncated by the Galerkin method and analyzed semi-analytically using the multi-scale analysis method,and numerical simulations are carried out to compare the simulation results of finite elements with the numerical simulation results using Campbell diagram analysis of blade *** results indicated that the rotational speed of the impeller has a significant impact on blade *** the wheel speed of 12.1 rpm and excitation amplitude of 1.23 the maximum displacement amplitude of the blade has increased from 0.72 to *** the amplitude-frequency curve,it can be seen that the multi-peak characteristic of blade amplitude frequency is under centrifugal *** phase trajectories in blade nonlinear vibration,exhibiting periodic motion characteristics,are found through phase diagrams and Poincare section diagrams.

关键词： Wind turbine blades nonlinear vibration Galerkin method multi-scales method

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