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The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Alzheimer’s Research

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 13-33页

作者： Qing Zhao Hanrui Xu Jianqiang li Faheem Akhtar Rajput liyan qiao Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur 65200Pakistan Department of Neurology Tsinghua University Yuquan HospitalBeijing 100040China

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an irreversible and neurodegenerative disease that slowly impairs memory and neurocognitive function,but the etiology of AD is still *** the explosive growth of electronic health data,the application of artificial inteligence(Al)in the healthcare setting provides excellent potential for exploring etiology and personalized treatment approaches,and improving the disease's diagnostic and prognostic *** paper first briefly introduces Al technologies and applications in medicine,and then presents a comprehensive review of Al in *** simple,it includes etiology discovery based on genetic data,computer-aided diagnosis(CAD),computer-aided prognosis(CAP)of AD using multi-modality data(genetic,neuroimaging and linguistic data),and pharmacological or non-pharmacological approaches for treating ***,some popular publicly available AD datasets are introduced,which are important for advancing Al technologies in AD ***,core research challenges and future research directions are discussed.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease artificial intelligence etiology discovery computer-aided diagnosis computer-aided prognosis treatment

The transgenerational effects of maternal low-protein diet during lactation on offspring

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 824-835页

作者： lin-Jian Gu li li Qian-Nan li Ke Xu Wei Yue Jing-Yi qiao Tie-Gang Meng Ming-Zhe Dong Wen-Long Lei Jia-Ni Guo zhen-Bo Wang Qing-Yuan Sun State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMCBeijing 100021China Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Reproductive Health Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism&Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouGuangdong 510317China

Environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle can influence the health of both mothers and ***,its transgenerational transmission and underlying mechanisms remain largely ***,using a maternal lactation-period low-protein diet(LPD)mouse model,we show that maternal LPD during lactation causes decreased survival and stunted growth,significantly reduces ovulation and litter size,and alters the gut microbiome in the female LPD-F1 *** transcriptome of LPD-F1 metaphase II(MII)oocytes shows that differentially expressed genes are enriched in female pregnancy and multiple metabolic ***,maternal LPD causes early stunted growth and impairs metabolic health,which is transmitted over two *** methylome alteration of LPD-F1 oocytes can be partly transmitted to the F2 ***,our results reveal that LPD during lactation transgenerationally affects offspring health,probably via oocyte epigenetic changes.

关键词： Lactationdiet Maternal low-proteindiet DNAmethylation Transgenerational effect Oocyte

Source apportionment of PM_(2.5)using PMF combined online bulk and single-particle measurements:Contribution of fireworks and biomass burning

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 325-336页

作者： Yanjing Zhang Wenshuai li Lei li Mei li zhen Zhou Jianzhen Yu Yang Zhou Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES)and Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong 266100China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong 266100China Institute of Atmospheric Environment Safety and Pollution Control Jinan UniversityGuangdong 510632China Institute of Environment Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Division of Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Fireworks(FW)could significantly worsen air quality in short term during *** to similar tracers with biomass burning(BB),the fast and precise qualification of FW and BB is still *** this study,online bulk and single-particle measurements were combined to investigate the contributions of FW and BB to the overall mass concentrations of PM_(2.5)and specific chemical species by positive matrix factorization(PMF)during the Chinese New Year in Hong Kong in February *** combined information,fresh/aged FW(abundant ^(140)K_(2)NO_(3)^(+)and ^(213)K_(3)SO_(4)^(+)formed from ^(113)K_(2)Cl^(+)discharged by fresh FW)can be extracted from the fresh/aged BB sources,in addition to the Second Aerosol,Vehicles+Road Dust,and Sea Salt *** contributions of FW and BB were investigated during three high particle matter episodes influenced by the pollution transported from the Pearl River Delta *** fresh BB/FW contributed 39.2%and 19.6%to PM_(2.5)during the Lunar Chinese New Year ***,the contributions of aged FW/BB enhanced in the last two episodes due to the aging process,evidenced by high contributions from secondary ***,the fresh BB/FW showed more significant contributions to nitrate(35.1%and15.0%,respectively)compared with sulfate(25.1%and 5.9%,respectively)and OC(14.8%and11.1%,respectively)on *** comparison,the aged FW contributed more to sulfate(13.4%).Overall,combining online bulk and single-particle measurement data can combine both instruments’advantages and provide a new perspective for applying source apportionment of aerosols using PMF.

关键词： Source apportionment PMF Online bulk measurements Single particle analysis Fireworks Biomass burning

Multi-distortion suppression for neutron radiographic images based on generative adversarial network

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 176-188页

作者： Cheng-Bo Meng Wang-Wei Zhu zhen Zhang Zi-Tong Wang Chen-Yi Zhao Shuang qiao Tian Zhang School of Physics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Neutron radiography is a crucial nondestructive testing technology widely used in the aerospace,military,and nuclear ***,because of the physical limitations of neutron sources and collimators,the resulting neutron radiographic images inevitably exhibit multiple distortions,including noise,geometric unsharpness,and white ***,these distortions are particularly significant in compact neutron radiography systems with low neutron ***,in this study,we devised a multi-distortion suppression network that employs a modified generative adversarial network to improve the quality of degraded neutron radiographic *** neutron radiographic image datasets with various types and levels of distortion were built for the first time as multi-distortion suppression ***,the coordinate attention mechanism was incorporated into the backbone network to augment the capability of the proposed network to learn the abstract relationship between ideally clear and degraded *** experiments were performed;the results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress multiple distortions in real neutron radiographic images and achieve state-of-theart perceptual visual quality,thus demonstrating its application potential in neutron radiography.

关键词： Neutron radiography Multi-distortion suppression Generative adversarial network Coordinate attention mechanism

Influence of Current Density on the Photocatalytic Activity of Nd:TiO_(2) Coatings

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 32-38页

作者：施渊吉 ZHANG zhen DAI Yunzhong li Jingxiao CHEN Zeyu School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing Vocational University of Industry TechnologyNanjing 210046China College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211167China Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

The Nd:TiO_(2 )PEO coatings were formed in a phosphate-based electrolyte with the addition of Nd_(2)O_(3 )under the current density of 150,200,250 and 300 m A/cm^(2).SEM results showed that the micropores decreased on quantity and increased on scale with the increasing current *** results revealed that the roughness of the coatings increased with the increasing current *** and composition analysis showed that the Nd:TiO_(2) coatings were mainly composed of anatase and rutile *** the anatase phase content has reached the maximum value at the current density of 250 m A/cm^(2).XPS results indicated that Ti2p spin-orbit components of the Nd:TiO_(2) coatings are shifted towards higher binding energy,compared with the pure TiO_(2) coating,suggesting that some of the Nd^(3+)ions are combined with TiO_(2) lattice and led to *** test showed that the photocatalytic activity of Nd:TiO_(2) coatings varied in the same pattern with the anatase content variation in Nd:TiO_(2) *** photocatalytic experiment results show that the photocatalytic activity of Nd:TiO_(2) coatings can be greatly enhanced with moderate amount of Nd^(3+).However,excessive amount of Nd^(3+)does not have an effective impact on the photoctalytic activity improvement.

关键词： PEO current density AFM XPS Nd:TiO_(2) photocatalytic

Microfluidic separation of particles by synergistic effect of geometry-induced hydrodynamics and magnetic field

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 380-385页

作者： Du qiao Hongxia li Weiping Zhu lili Zhu Danyang Zhao Honglin li Key Laboratory for Precision & Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China lingang Lab Shanghai 200031China

Microfluidic combined with magnetic field have been demonstrated to be the promising solutions for fast and low-damage particles ***,the difficulties in the precise layout of magnets and accurate prediction of particle trajectories lead to under and over separation of target particles.A novel particle separation lab-on-chip(LOC)prototype integrated with microstructures and micropolar arrays is designed and ***,a numerical model for the separation of magnetic particles by the synergistic effect of geometry-induced hydrodynamics and magnetic field is *** effect of geometry and magnetic field layout on particle deflection is systematically analyzed to implement accurate prediction of particle *** is found that the separation efficiency of magnetic particles increased from 50.2%to 91.7%and decreased from 88.6%to 85.7%in the range of depth factors from 15µm to 27µm and width factors from 30µm to 60µm,*** particular,the combined effect of the offset distance of permanent magnets and the distance from the main flow channel exhibits a significant difference from the conventional ***,the developed LOC prototype was generalized for extension to arbitrary *** work provides a new insight and robust method for the microfluidic separation of magnetic particles.

关键词： Microfluidic Particle separation Synergistic effect Hydrodynamics Magnetic field Numerical calculation

Multi-carrier Tb/s silicon photonic coherent receiver

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 284-291页

作者： zhen WANG Xingfeng li Jingchi li Jian SHEN Yong ZHANG Yikai SU State Key Lab of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University

We propose a silicon polarization-diversity coherent receiver for wavelength-multiplexing transmission without using the large-footprint arrayed waveguide grating(AWG).We have integrated our proposed coherent receiver on the silicon-on-insulator(SOI) platform for high-capacity *** the proposed coherent receiver,high-frequency photocurrent signals from other wavelengths are suppressed by electrical low-pass ***,the signal-signal beat interference(SSBI) generated from each wavelength is eliminated by the balanced *** two features lend to the proposed coherent receiver being free of the mm-scale *** have demonstrated our proposed coherent receiver to detect a 1.12-Tb/s wavelength-division-multiplexed and polarization-division-multiplexed 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation(PDM-16-QAM) *** compact footprint of the silicon chip promises small-form-factor receivers for future ultra-high-capacity coherent communication systems that require a high integration level and low fabrication cost.

关键词： silicon photonics optical receivers coherent communication wavelength-division-multiplexing(WDM) polarization-division-multiplexing(PDM)

Implications of T cell-mediated tumor killing genes for molecular heterogeneity and clinical stratification in lung adenocarcinoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 39-41页

作者： Tong qiao Beining Yin Jun liang li Wei Department of Thoracic Surgery Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China Reproductive Medicine Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450052China Department of Breast Surgery Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China

Due to the profound heterogeneity exhibited amongst patients with lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),considerable variances in clinical efficacy emerge.1 For the aims of precision medicine,a clinical instrument to delineate distinct disease phenotypes and anticipate susceptibility to intervention is *** cytotoxicity mediated through T lymphocytes constitutes a pivotal mechanism of anti-tumoral immunity and the foundation for cancer immunotherapy.?Numerous genes regulating the sensitivity of tumor cells to killing mediated by T lymphocytes(GSTKKs)are conducive to satisfying the aforesaid medical necessity.

关键词： clinical mediated adenocarcinoma

A Denoiser for Correlated Noise Channel Decoding: Gated-Neural Network

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 122-128页

作者： Xiao li ling Zhao zhen Dai Yonggang Lei School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology BITTT

This letter proposes a sliced-gated-convolutional neural network with belief propagation(SGCNN-BP) architecture for decoding long codes under correlated noise. The basic idea of SGCNNBP is using Neural Networks(NN) to transform the correlated noise into white noise, setting up the optimal condition for a standard BP decoder that takes the output from the NN. A gate-controlled neuron is used to regulate information flow and an optional operation—slicing is adopted to reduce parameters and lower training complexity. Simulation results show that SGCNN-BP has much better performance(with the largest gap being 5dB improvement) than a single BP decoder and achieves a nearly 1dB improvement compared to Fully Convolutional Networks(FCN).

关键词： belief propagation channel decoding correlated noise neural network