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Targeted metabolomics reveals the aberrant energy status in diabetic peripheral neuropathy and the neuroprotective mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine JinMaiTong

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 225-243页

作者： Bingjia Zhao qian zhang Yiqian He Weifang Cao Wei Song Xiaochun Liang Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100005China Medical Research Center Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and devastating complication of diabetes, for which effective therapies are currently lacking. Disturbed energy status plays a crucial role in DPN pathogenesis. However, the integrated profile of energy metabolism, especially the central carbohydrate metabolism, remains unclear in DPN. Here, we developed a metabolomics approach by targeting 56 metabolites using high-performance ion chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPIC-MS/MS) to illustrate the integrative characteristics of central carbohydrate metabolism in patients with DPN and streptozotocin-induced DPN rats. Furthermore, JinMaiTong (JMT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, was found to be effective for DPN, improving the peripheral neurological function and alleviating the neuropathology of DPN rats even after demyelination and axonal degeneration. JMT ameliorated DPN by regulating the aberrant energy balance and mitochondrial functions, including excessive glycolysis restoration, tricarboxylic acid cycle improvement, and increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Bioenergetic profile was aberrant in cultured rat Schwann cells under high-glucose conditions, which was remarkably corrected by JMT treatment. In-vivo and in-vitro studies revealed that these effects of JMT were mainly attributed to the activation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and downstream peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Our results expand the therapeutic framework for DPN and suggest the integrative modulation of energy metabolism using TCMs, such as JMT, as an effective strategy for its treatment.

关键词： Diabetic peripheral neuropathy JinMaiTong Energy metabolism Targeted metabolomics Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase

Radial growth in Qinghai spruce is most sensitive to severe drought in the Qilian Mountains of Northwest China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 73-86页

作者： Xuge Wang Liang Jiao Ruhong Xue Peng zhang Dashi Du Mengyuan Wei qian Li College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityNo.967Anning East RoadLanzhou 730070People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070Gansu ProvincePeople's Republicof China

Global warming and frequent extreme drought events lead to tree death and extensive forest decline,but the underlying mechanism is not *** drought years,cambial development is more sensitive to climate change,but in different phenological stages,the response rela-tionship is ***,the dynamic relationship between tree radial growth and climatic/environmental fac-tors needs to be *** thus continuously monitored radial growth of Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia Kom.)and environmental factors from January 2021 to November 2022 using point dendrometers and portable meteorological weather stations in the central area of the Qilian *** relationship and stability between the radial growth of Qinghai spruce and environmental factors were compared for different levels of drought in 2021 and *** year 2022 had higher temperatures and less precipitation and was drier than *** with 2021,the growing period in 2022 for Qinghai spruce was 10 days shorter,maximum growth rate(Grmax)was 4.5μm·d^(-1) slower,and the initiation of growth was 6 days *** of Qinghai spruce was always restricted by drought,and the stem radial increment(SRI)was more sensitive to precipitation and air relative *** changes in cumulative radial growth were divided into four phenological stages according to the time of growth onset,cessation,and maximum growth rate(Grmax)of Qinghai *** responses of SRI to climate change were stronger in Stage 3 and Stage 4 of 2021 and stronger in Stage 1(initiation growth stage)and Stage 3 of *** results provide important information on the growth of the trees in response to drought and for specific managing forests as the climate warms.

关键词： Picea crassifolia Radial growth dynamics Severe drought Response stability Point dendrometer

Sex-specific facilitation and reproduction of the gynodioecious cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides on the Himalaya-Hengduan mountains,SW China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 247-255页

作者： Xufang Chen Yazhou zhang Lishen qian Renyu Zhou Hang Sun Jianguo Chen State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation Restoration and Ecological ServicesSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnanChina

When benefiting other beneficiaries,cushion plants may reciprocally receive feedback *** feedback effects on different sex morphs,however,remains *** this study,taking the gynodioecious Arenaria polytrichiodes as a model species,we aimed to assess the sex-specific facilitation intensity of cushion plant by measuring the beneficiary cover ratio,and to assess the potential costs in cushion reproductive functions by measuring the flower and fruit cover *** total beneficiary cover ratio was similar between females and *** produced much less flowers but more fruits than *** results suggested that females and hermaphrodites possess similar facilitation intensity,and female cushion *** may allocate more resources saved from pollen production to seed production,while hermaphrodites possibly allocate more resources to pollen production hence reducing seed *** surface areas covered by beneficiaries produced less flowers and fruits than areas without *** addition,strong negative correlations between beneficiary cover and flower cover were detected for both females and hermaphrodites,but the correlation strength were similar for these two sex ***,the correlation between beneficiary cover and fruit cover was only significantly negative for females,suggesting that beneficiary plants negatively affect fruit reproduction of females while have neutral effects on *** the results suggest that to facilitate other beneficiaries can induce reproductive costs on cushion ***,with females possibly suffering greater cost than *** differentiation in reproductive costs between sex morphs,in long-term perspective,may imply sex imbalance in population dynamics.

关键词： Facilitation intensity Feedback effect Sex-specific facilitation Nurse plant Population dynamics Reproductive function

Food security amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Central Asia:Evidence from rural Tajikistan

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2853-2867页

作者： Yuhan Zhao Chen qian Yumei zhang Xiande Li Kamiljon T.Akramov Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy College of Economics and ManagementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI) WashingtonD.C.20005USA

Food security has been long understudied in the context of Central *** present an analysis examining household-level food demand for Tajikistan and assessing the magnitude of its food security changes during the COVID-19 *** on an extensive household survey data set from Tajikistan,we estimate the expenditure,income,and price elasticities for nine food categories using the QUAIDS ***,we develop a microsimulation model using the estimated elasticities to assess the dual impact of declining remittance income and rising food prices stemming from the pandemic *** are significant differences in demand elasticities across food groups,with high elasticities observed for nutritious foods,such as meat,fruit,eggs,and milk,in rural ***,our findings show that changes in remittance income and food prices significantly negatively affected food security for rural households during the COVID-19 *** findings have important implications for policymakers concerned about rural livelihoods and food security in remittance-receiving economies during the post-pandemic period.

关键词： international remittances food security COVID-19 Tajikistan Central Asia

Mechanical properties and thermal deformation behavior of low-cost titanium matrix composites prepared by a structure-optimized Y_(2)O_(3) crucible

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 738-751页

作者： qian Dang Gang Huang Ye Wang Chi zhang Guo-huai Liu Zhao-dong Wang The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150004HeilongjiangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870LiaoningChina

A porous yttrium oxide crucible with both thermal shock resistance and erosion resistance was developed by structural *** structure-optimized yttrium oxide crucible was proved to be suitable for melting highly reactive titanium ***-cost(TiB+Y2O_(3))-reinforced titanium matrix composites were prepared by vacuum induction melting using the prepared *** thermal deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of(TiB+Y2O_(3))-reinforced tita-nium matrix composites were investigated at deformation temperatures of 900-1100℃with strain rates of 0.001-1 *** results showed that the prepared yttrium oxide crucible had both thermal shock and erosion resistance,the low-cost titanium matrix composites could be prepared by the developed yttrium oxide crucibles which were homogeneous in composition and highly sensitive to strain rate and deformation temperature,and the peak and theological stresses decreased with increasing deformation temperature or decreasing strain *** addition,the average thermal deformation activation energy of the composites was calculated to be 574.6 kJ/mol by establishing the Arrhenius constitutive equation in consideration of the strain variables,and the fitting goodness between the predicted stress value and the measured value was 97.624%.The calculated analysis of the hot processing map showed that the best stable thermal deformation zone was located in the deformation temperature range of 1000-1100℃and strain rate range of 0.001-0.01 s^(-1),where the peak dissipation coefficient wasη=71%.In this zone,the deformation of the reinforcement and matrix was harmonious,the reinforcement was less likely to fracture,dynamic recrystallization occurred more fully and the alloy exhibited near steady rheological characteristics.

关键词： Yttrium oxide crucible Titanium matrix composite Thermal deformation behavior Constitutive equation Hot processing map Microstructure evolution

Pyruvate kinase M in germ cells is essential for sperm motility and male fertility but not spermatogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 212-219页

作者： Gao-Qing qian Xiao-Chen Wang Xi zhang Bin Shen qiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Department of HistoembryologyGenetics and Developmental BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Male germ cells employ specific metabolic pathways throughout their developmental *** a previous study,we discovered heightened expression of pyruvate kinase M(PKM),a pivotal glycolytic enzyme,in spermatogonia and *** gain deeper insights into PKM's roles in spermatogenesis,sperm function,and male fertility,we engineered a conditional-knockout mouse model(Pkm-vkO mice)to selectively disrupt the Pkm gene within germ *** maintaining regular testicular histology and sperm morphology,the male Pkm-vko mice were infertility,characterized by significant impairments in sperm motility and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)*** addition,Pkm-null spermatozoa exhibited similar deficits in protein tyrosine phosphorylation linked to capacitation,as well as compromised performance in in vitro fertilization *** conclude,PKM's presence is not obligatory for the entirety of spermatogenesis in male germ cells;however,it emerges as a critical factor influencing sperm motility and overall male fertility.

关键词： glycolysis male fertility pyruvate kinase M sperm motility spermatogenesis

Three‑dimensional numerical simulation of dynamic strength and failure mode of a rock mass with cross joints

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 35-52页

作者： Tingting Liu Wenxu Huang Chang Xiang qian Dong Xinping Li Chao zhang Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hainan Institute Wuhan University of TechnologySanya 572025China

To study the dynamic mechanical properties and failure characteristics of intersecting jointed rock masses with different joint distributions under confining pressure,considering the cross angleαand joint persistence ratioη,a numerical model of the biaxial Hopkinson bar test system was established using the finite element method–discrete-element model coupling *** validity of the model was verified by comparing and analyzing it in conjunction with laboratory test ***-static combined impact tests were conducted on specimens under various conditions to investigate the strength characteristics and patterns of crack initiation and *** study revealed the predominant factors influencing intersecting joints with different angles and penetrations under impact *** results show that the peak stress of the specimens decreases first and then increases with the increase of the cross ***αeral confinement significantly increases the dynamic peak stress able to be borne by the *** triaxial conditions,the degree of failure of the intersecting jointed specimens is much lower than that under uniaxial and biaxial conditions.

关键词： Cross joints Joint distribution form Dynamic failure characteristics FEM–DEM BHPB

Hydrodynamic resistance of pore–throat structures and its effect on shale oil apparent permeability

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 101-110页

作者： Wendong Wang qian zhang Jilong Xu Da Zheng Lifeng Liu Yuliang Su Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina PetroChina Oil Gas and New Energies CompanyBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

Oil transport is greatly affected by heterogeneous pore–throat structures present in *** is therefore very important to accurately characterize pore–throat ***,it remains unclear how pore–throat structures affect oil transport *** this paper,using finite element(FE)simulation and mathematical modeling,we calculated the hydrodynamic resistance for four pore–throat *** addition,the influence of pore throat structure on shale oil permeability is *** to the results,the hydrodynamic resistance of different pore throat structures can vary by 300%.The contribution of additional resistance caused by streamline bending is also in excess of 40%,even without slip ***-thermore,Pore–throat structures can affect apparent permeability by more than 60%on the REV scale,and this influence increases with heterogeneity of pore size distribution,organic matter content,and organic matter ***,modeling shale oil flow requires consideration of porous–throat structure and additional resistance,otherwise oil recovery and flow capacity may be overestimated.

关键词： Pore–throat structure Hydrodynamic resistance Apparent permeability REV-scale Shale oil

A frequency servo SoC with output power stabilization loop technology for miniaturized atomic clocks

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 13-22页

作者： Hongyang zhang Xinlin Geng Zonglin Ye Kailei Wang qian Xie Zheng Wang School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

A frequency servo system-on-chip(FS-SoC)featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium(Cs)atomic *** proposed power stabilization loop(PSL)technique,incorporating an off-chip power detector(PD),ensures that the output power of the FS-SoC remains stable,mitigating the impact of power fluctuations on the atomic clock's ***,a one-pulse-per-second(1PPS)is employed to syn-chronize the clock with *** using 65 nm CMOS technology,the measured phase noise of the FS-SoC stands at-69.5 dBc/Hz@100 Hz offset and-83.9 dBc/Hz@1 kHz offset,accompanied by a power dissipation of 19.7 *** Cs atomic clock employing the proposed FS-SoC and PSL obtains an Allan deviation of 1.7×10^(-11) with 1-s averaging time.

关键词： CMOS technology atomic clock phase-locked loop output power stabilization 1PPS