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Differences of Polygonal Faults with Irregularly Polygonal Geometries: A Case Study from the Changchang Sag of Qiongdongnan Basin, Northern South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第1期22卷 119-135页

作者： LI Yufeng pu renhai ZHANG Gongcheng FAN Xiaowei School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100028China Research Institute of Yangchang Petroleum(Group)Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710075China

Polygonal faults(PFs)generally have a classic polygonal geometry in map ***,under the influence of tectonic faults,diapirs,channels,and slopes,the classic polygonal geometry of PFs is not preserved,demonstrating differences(different characters)in map-view 3D seismic data covering an area of 334km^(2) of the Changchang(CC)sag,are used to document the mapview and cross-sectional characteristics of *** data also help investigate the irregularly polygonal geometries of PFs due to the presence of influence factors,such as transtensional faults,submarine fans,channels,diapirs/gas chimneys,and the basal slope within the lower-middle Miocene *** show that various irregularly polygonal geometries of PFs can be classified into enechelon and arcuate PFs,channel-segmenting and-bounding PFs,radial PFs,and rectangular PFs in ***-echelon and arcuate PFs are induced by transtensional faults and exhibit a unique‘flower’structure in NE-and SE-trending cross-sections in the NW area of the study *** finding is documented for the first ***-segmenting PFs occur in the(northwest)low-amplitude muddy channel and are inhibited in the(southeast)high-amplitude sandy channel in the SW *** PFs are radially aligned around a gas chimney/diapir containing some high-amplitude anomalies(HAAs)in the middle *** presence of intrusive sandstones with HAAs along the periphery of the diapirs restricts the occurrence of *** high-amplitude submarine fans act as a mechanical barrier to the propagation of ***,the(moderate)slope in the NE area induces rectangular ***,the geneses of the PFs in the current study are comprehensively *** study adds to our understanding of the differences between PFs with irregularly polygonal geometries.

关键词： channel diapir genesis influence factors northern South China Sea polygonal fault slope transtensional faults

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Seismic analysis of early-mid Miocene carbonate platform in the southern Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第2期37卷 54-65页

作者： WU Xiaochuan pu renhai CHEN Ying QU Hongjun SHEN Huailei State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China CNNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100028 China

The southern uplift of the Qiongdongnan Basin is a deepwater area in which no wells have beens drilled. The Miocene-Quaternary strata in the Xisha Islands, which are located 40–100 km to the south, are composed of carbonate reef formations. Paleotectonic and paleogeographic analyses of the basin suggest that the southern uplift experienced favorable geological conditions for the development of carbonate reefs during the *** high-impedance carbonates have high amplitudes and low frequencies on seismic profiles. The reefs are distributed on paleotectonic highs and are thicker than the contemporaneous formations. A forward model of the variation in carbonate thickness based on lithological and velocity information from wells in nearby regions can simulate the seismic response of carbonates with different thicknesses. We identified several important controlling points for determining the thickness of carbonates from seismic profiles, including the pinchout point,the λ/4 thickness point, and the λ/2 thickness point. We depict a carbonate thickness map in the deepwater area of the southern Qiongdongnan Basin based on this model. The carbonate thickness map, the paleotectonic and paleogeographic background, and the seismic response characteristics of reefs suggest that the carbonates that developed on the southern uplift of the Qiongdongnan Basin during the Miocene were mainly an isolated carbonate platform peninsula and ramp deposits. It consisted of gentle ramp platform, steep slope platform,platform depression, gravity flow, and reef bank facies.

关键词： forward model carbonate rock thickness facies distribution Qiongdongnan Basin

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Growth Conditions and 3-D Seismic Delineation of Carboniferous Barrier Reefs in the Southwestern Tarim Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第2期25卷 315-323页

作者： renhai pu Lu Yun Jiangyu Su Qian Guo Xiaohong Dang State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University Research Institute of Northwest Oilfield Company of SINOPEC

The Tarim Basin was a craton block during the Carboniferous period. Except for its open southwestern （SWW） deepening basin margin, the central part of the basin was surrounded by north- ern, eastern, and southern uplifts. In most parts of the basin, there are three layers of carbonate rocks called Biocalcarenite member, standard limestone member and Xiaohaizi Formation. The pre- sent-day Maigeti slope, located in the southwestern area of the basin, was ever a paleogeographic car- bonate platform margin to clinoform. Boreholes in the area reveal over ten meters of high-energy bio- spararenite of beach deposition in Xiaohaizi Formation. This feature is quite different from the low-energy micritic limestone of equivalent horizon in the middle and northern basins. Such typical carbonate beach and platform margin backgrounds indicate an environment conducive for reef growth. According to an interpretation of 3-D seismic data on a 600 km2 Xinbaza survey, a 25 km-long barrier reef orientated in an east-westward direction is delineated with a hummocky geometry, a 1-2 km wide south-dip reef front, and a 3-6 km wide north-dip backreef. The reef buttress and outlines are also shown on an isopach map of the Xiaohaizi Formation as well as horizon slices of coherency, amplitude, and frequency attributes. The reef extends beyond the range of the rectangular 3-D seismic survey. The thickness of the Xiaohaizi Formation is over 60 m at the central reef, and 12 m larger than the outside of the reef. The barrier reef consists of segments separated by narrow tidal inlets. The neighborhood of the reef is mainly beach deposition of bioclasticgrainstones. Due to Late Permier and Late Tertial tectonic movements, the barrier reef was tilted to dip in a SWW direction. Its updip part was broken and misplaced by a set of reverse faults. Nevertheless, potential stratigraphic pools of a large amount of hydrocarbon reserves related to the reef are expected to be found in the future based on the su

关键词： Xiaohaizi Formation platform margin reef reflection reef trap.

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Characteristics and origins of middle Miocene mounds and channels in the northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第2期40卷 65-80页

作者： Yufeng Li Gongcheng Zhang renhai pu Hongjun Qu Huailei Shen Xueqin Zhao School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Xi’an 710069China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

Numerous elongated mounds and channels were found at the top of the middle Miocene strata using 2D/3D seismic data in the Liwan Sag of Zhujiang River Mouth Basin(ZRMB)and the Beijiao Sag of Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB).They occur at intervals and are rarely revealed by drilling wells in the deepwater *** of the mounds and channels are controversial and poorly *** on an integrated analysis of the seismic attribute,palaeotectonics and palaeogeography,and drilling well encountering a mound,research results show that these mounds are dominantly distributed on the depression centres and/or slopes of the Liwan and Beijiao sags and developed in a bathyal sedimentary *** the Liwan and Beijiao sags,the mounds between channels(sub)parallel to one another are 1.0–1.5 km and 1.5–2.0 km wide,150–300 m and 150–200 m high,and extend straightly from west to east for 5–15 km and 8–20 km,*** and channels in the Liwan Sag are parallel with the regional *** and channels in the Beijiao Sag,however,are at a small angle to the regional *** to internal geometry,texture and external morphology of mounds,the mounds in Beijiao Sag are divided into weak amplitude parallel reflections(mound type I),blank or chaotic reflections(mound type II),and internal mounded reflections(mound typeⅢ).The mounds in Liwan Sag,however,have the sole type,i.e.,mound type *** type I originates from the incision of bottom currents and/or gravity *** type II results from gravity-driven sediments such as *** typeⅢis a result of deposition and incision of bottom currents *** channels with high amplitude between mounds in the Beijiao and Liwan sags are a result of gravity-flow sediments and it is suggested they are filled by *** channels with low-mediate amplitudes are filled by bottom-current sediments only in the Beijiao Sag,where they are dominantly composed of *** study provides new insi

关键词： South China Sea middle Miocene channels and mounds contour currents

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Genesis, evolution and reservoir identification of a Neogene submarine channel in the southwestern Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第5期42卷 57-78页

作者： Shuo Chen Donghui Jiang renhai pu Yunwen Guan Xiaochuan Wu Tianyu Ji Chuang Liu State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics(Northwest University) Xi’an 710069China Institute of Shanghai Offshore Petroleum Branch China Petroleum&Chemical CorporationShanghai 200120China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

A rarely reported middle-late Miocene-Pliocene channel(incised valley fill),the Huaguang Channel(HGC),has been found in the deep-water area of the southwestern Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB).This channel is almost perpendicular to the orientation of another well-known,large,and nearly coeval submarine channel in this *** on the interpretation of high-resolution 3D seismic data,this study describes and analyzes the stratigraphy,tectonics,sedimentation,morphology,structure and evolution of HGC by means of well-seismic synthetic calibration,one-and two-dimensional forward modeling,attribute interpretation,tectonic interpretation,and gas *** HGC is located on the downthrown side of an earlier activated normal fault and grew northwestward along the fault *** channel is part of a slope that extends from the western Huaguang Sag to the eastern Beijiao *** HGC underwent four developmental stages:the(1)incubation(late Sanya Formation,20.4–15.5 Ma),(2)embryonic(Meishan Formation,15.5–10.5 Ma),(3)peak(Huangliu Formation,10.5–5.5 Ma)and(4)decline(Yinggehai Formation,5.5–1.9 Ma)*** channel sandstones have a provenance from the southern Yongle Uplift and filled the channel via multistage vertical amalgamation and lateral *** channel extended 42.5 km in an approximately straight pattern in the peak *** 10.5 Ma,sea level fell relative to its lowest level,and three oblique progradation turbidite sand bodies filled the channel from south to north.A channel sandstone isopach map demonstrated a narrow distribution in the early stages and a fan-shaped distribution in the late *** formation and evolution of the HGC were controlled mainly by background tectonics,fault strike,relative sea level change,and mass supply from the Yongle *** HGC sandstone reservoir is near the Huaguangjiao Sag,where hydrocarbons were ***-bounding faults and underlying faults link the source rock with the reservoir.A regionally extensive m

关键词： South China Sea Qiongdongnan Basin submarine channel channel evolution reservoir identification

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Controlling Effects of Tight Reservoir Micropore Structures on Seepage Ability: A Case Study of the Upper Paleozoic of the Eastern Ordos Basin, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第2期94卷 322-336页

作者： YANG Bo QU Hongjun pu renhai TIAN Xiahe YANG Huan DONG Wenwu CHEN Yahui State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Deptof GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China

In this study, the types of micropores in a reservoir are analyzed using casting thin section(CTS) observation and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) experiments. The high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI) and constant-rate mercury injection(CRMI) experiments are performed to study the micropore structure of the reservoir. Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), gas-water relative seepage, and gas-water two-phase displacement studies are performed to examine the seepage ability and parameters of the reservoir, and further analyses are done to confirm the controlling effects of reservoir micropore structures on seepage ability. The experimental results show that Benxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi, and Shihezi formations in the study area are typical ultra-low porosity and ultra-low permeability reservoirs. Owing to compaction and later diagenetic transformation, they contain few primary pores. Secondary pores are the main pore types of reservoirs in the study area. Six main types of secondary pores are: intergranular dissolved pores, intragranular dissolved pores, lithic dissolved pores, intercrystalline dissolved pores, micropores, and microfracture. The results show that reservoirs with small pore-throat radius, medium displacement pressure, and large differences in pore-throat structures are present in the study area. The four types of micropore structures observed are: lower displacement pressure and fine pores with medium-fine throats, low displacement pressure and fine micropores with fine throats, medium displacement pressure and micropores with micro-fine throats, and high displacement pressure and micropores with micro throats. The micropore structure is complex, and the reservoir seepage ability is poor in the study areas. The movable fluid saturation, range of the gas-water two-phase seepage zone, and displacement types are the three parameters that well represent the reservoir seepage ability. According to the characteristic parameters of microscopic pore structure and seepag

关键词： micro-pore structure seepage ability movable fluid saturation the range of gas-water two phase seepage zone displacement types

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Differences of polygonal faults related to upper Miocene channels:a case study from the Beijiao sag of Qiongdongnan basin,South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第1期41卷 84-99页

作者： Yufeng LI renhai pu Xueqin ZHAO Gongcheng ZHANG Xiaowei FAN Jingjing BAO Jiong WANG School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100028China Research Institute of Yangchang Petroleum(Group)Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710075China Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Central Sichuan Oil-Gas District Petro-China Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanySuining 629000China

Deep-water coarse-grained channels are embedded within a polygonal fault tier,and the polygonal faults(PFs)present non-polygonal geometries rather than classic polygonal geometry in plan ***,PFs present differences when they encounter deep-water(coarse-grained ***-grained)channels with different lithology,which has not been further studied to ***-dimensional(3D)seismic data and a drilling well from Beijiao sag of Qiongdongnanbasin,South China Sea were utilized to document the plan view and cross-sectional properties of the PFs and their differences and genetic mechanism were *** show that,first,PFs can be divided morphologically into channel-segmenting PFs and channel-bounding PFs in plan *** former virtually cuts or segments the axes of channels in highand low-amplitudes,and the latter nearly parallels the boundaries of the *** are approximately perpendicular to each ***,channel-bounding PFs that related to low-amplitude channels are much longer than those of high-amplitude ones;channel-segmenting PFs related to low-amplitude channels are slightly longer than the counterparts related to high-amplitude ***,the magnitudes(e.g.,heights)of the PFs are proportional to the scales(e.g.,widths and heights)of low-amplitude channels,whereas the magnitudes of the PFs are inversely proportional to the scales of high amplitude ***-grained(high amplitude)channels act as a mechanical barrier to the propagation of PFs,whereas fine-grained(low-amplitude)channels are beneficial to the propagation and nucleation of ***,the genetic mechanism of PFs is discussed and reckoned as combined geneses of gravitational spreading and overpressure *** differences of the PFs can be used to reasonably differentiate coarse-grained channels from fine-grained *** study provides new insights into understanding the different geometries of the PFs related to coarse-grained and fine

关键词： polygonal faults coarse-grained channels fine-grained channels gravitational spreading overpressure hydrofracture

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Depositional facies and reservoir characteristics of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation,Lower Indus Basin Pakistan:Integration of petrographic and gamma-ray log analysis

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Petroleum 2023年第3期9卷 331-341页

作者： Qamar UZ Zaman Dar pu renhai Shahid Ghazi Shakeel Ahme Rana Imran Ali Mubashir Mehmood Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi'an710069China Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Oil and Gas Development Company Limited Islamabad44000Pakistan Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company(Kufpec) Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Geology Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23130Pakistan

The sand intervals of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation are a conventional reservoir,generally distributed in the Middle and Lower Indus Basin of *** formation is classified into two parts;the upper parts are predominantly composed of shale,siltstone,and thin layers of alternate shale and sandstone,while the lower parts are composed of sandstone with interlayering of shale and *** sandstone of the Lower Goru Formation has been further divided into A,B,C,and D sand intervals based on reservoir *** depositional facies and reservoir characteristics are essential for the evaluation of hydrocarbon exploration and *** paper aims to evaluate the depositional environment and reservoir characterization of the siliciclastic reservoir of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation by integrating the gamma-ray log patterns and petrographic analysis and scanning electron microscopic(SEM)*** characterization of the sand intervals and Gamma-ray log signatures were used for the interpretation of the depositional environment of the reservoir *** analysis reveals that the sandstone of the Lower Goru Formation is fine-to medium-grained,well-sorted,arkose or feldspathic *** intergranular macroporosity,secondary intragranular macropores,and Intercrystalline micropores were identified within the sandstone by the SEM *** diagenetic analysis suggests that the sandstone possesses high porosity,low permeability,and has undergone significant alterations such as compaction,quartz cementation,feldspar dissolution,and clay minerals *** electrofacies are interpreted based on gamma-ray log patterns including(1)funnel shape(FA);(2)bell shape(FB);(3)cylindrical shape(FC);(4)bow shape(FD);and(5)serrated shape(FE)*** interpreted facies results reveal shoreface environment for A-sand,Tidal flat for B-sand,mixed tidal flat for C sand,Tide dominated mixed fo

关键词： Depositional facies Early cretaceous Electrofacies Gamma-ray pattern Lower goru Petrographic analysis

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Distribution characteristics of delta reservoirs reshaped by bottom currents:A case study from the second member of the Yinggehai Formation in the DF1-1 gas field,Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第9期41卷 86-106页

作者： Shuo Chen renhai pu Huiqiong Li Hongjun Qu Tianyu Ji Siyu Su Yunwen Guan Hui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics(Northwest University) Xi’an710069China Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum Group Co.Ltd. Xi’an710065China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing100083China Research Institute of Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Zhanjiang524057China

The Dongfang1-1 gas field(DF1-1)in the Yinggehai Basin is currently the largest offshore self-developed gas field in China and is rich in oil and gas *** second member of the Pliocene Yinggehai Formation(YGHF)is the main gas-producing formation and is composed of various sedimentary types;however,a clear understanding of the sedimentary types and development patterns is ***,typical lithofacies,logging facies and seismic facies types and characteristics of the YGHF are identified based on high-precision 3D seismic data combined with drilling,logging,analysis and testing *** on 3D seismic interpretation and attribute analysis,the origin of high-amplitude reflections is clarified,and the main types and evolution characteristics of sedimentary facies are *** gas formation upper II(IIU)as an example,the plane distribution of the delta front and bottom current channel is determined;finally,a comprehensive sedimentary model of the YGHF second member is *** second member is a shallowly buried“bright spot”gas reservoir with weak *** velocity of sandstone is slightly lower than that of mudstone,and the reflection has medium amplitude when there is no *** velocity of sandstone decreases considerably after gas accumulation,resulting in an increase in the wave impedance difference and high-amplitude(bright spot)reflection between sandstone and mudstone;the range of high amplitudes is consistent with that of gas-bearing *** distribution of gas reservoirs is obviously controlled by dome-shaped diapir structural traps,and diapir faults are channels through which natural gas from underlying Miocene source rocks can enter *** study area is a delta front deposit developed on a shallow sea *** lithologies of the reservoir are mainly composed of very fine sand and coarse silt,and a variety of sedimentary structural types reflect a shallow sea delta environment;upward thickening funnel type,strong tooth

关键词： South China Sea Yinggehai Basin second member of the Yinggehai Formation bottom current transformation sedimentary model

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塔北地区地震波衰减检测含气的多解性成因与排除方法

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西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2021年第5期51卷 864-876页

作者：蒲仁海西北大学地质学系陕西西安710069

查明地震波衰减含气检测法多解性的地质成因、类型,并找到多解性的排除方法,对隐蔽油气藏的勘探和非常规气甜点的识别具有重要意义。研究表明,非含气衰减异常多由某种异常低速的岩性如煤层、钙质含量变低的砂岩、混积岩中的砂泥岩等引... 详细信息

查明地震波衰减含气检测法多解性的地质成因、类型,并找到多解性的排除方法,对隐蔽油气藏的勘探和非常规气甜点的识别具有重要意义。研究表明,非含气衰减异常多由某种异常低速的岩性如煤层、钙质含量变低的砂岩、混积岩中的砂泥岩等引起。衰减地层的时代可以是较浅的古近系,也可以是埋深较大的古生界。具衰减异常的非含气地层衰减时的调谐厚度一般为20~100 m,衰减后的主频降低5~10 Hz或更多,衰减异常的平面形态和面积受控于低速体的类型和成因,有的为蛇曲状、带状或朵状,有的为微含气的圈闭形态,有的为面积可达数百平方公里的不规则形态。研究后认为,根据岩性法、圈闭成藏要素法和规模法等方法可以排除某些非含气地层引起的地震烃类检测异常,从而提高油气检测的成功率。

关键词：地震衰减含气检测地质成因多解性塔北

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