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Comparative genome analysis between Southeast Asian and South American Zika viruses

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第11期9卷 1026-1032页

作者： Theerarat Kochakarn Namfon Kotanan Krittikorn Kümpornsin Duangkamon Loesbanluechai Monta Thammasatta prasert auewarakul Prapon Wilairat Thanat Chookajorn Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine Unit Centre of Excellence in Malaria ResearchFaculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol University Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceMahidol University Department of Clinical Microscopy Faculty of Allied Health SciencesChulalongkorn University National Science and Technology Development Agency Pathum Thani Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol University

Objective:To understand the cause for the differences between potentially mild Southeast Asian and the more pathogenic ZIKV in South ***:A comparative genomic analysis was performed to determine putative causations stemming from ***:Phylogcnctic analyses integrating geographical and time factors revealed that Southeast Asian ZIKV might not be the direct source of South American outbreaks as previously *** acid residues unique to South American ZIKV isolates at the envelope,pr and NS1 proteins are listed and shown in the structural *** unique residues on external viral proteins are not found in Southeast Asian ZIKV and could be responsible for the ongoing outbreak either via an intrinsic property of the virus or interactions with human *** a selected few primer/probe sets currently in clinical use were identified of being capable of detecting ZIKV strains *** envelope proteins of dengue virus(DENV) and ZIKV also showed a remarkable degree of similarity especially at the surface ***:findings that may help explain the cross-reactivity of DENV antibodies to ***,major caveats must be exercised in using existing diagnostic tools for ZIKV.

关键词： Phylogenetic analysis Protein structure Southeast Asia Dengue virus Zika virus

Viral evolution and transmission effectiveness

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World Journal of Virology 2012年第5期1卷 131-134页

作者： Patsarin Rodpothong prasert auewarakul Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalBangkok 10700Thailand Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases Mahidol UniversityBangkok 10700Thailand

Different viruses transmit among hosts with different degrees of efficiency. A basic reproductive number(R0) indicates an average number of cases getting infected from a single infected case. R0 can vary widely from a little over 1 to more than 10. Low R0 is usually found among rapidly evolving viruses that are often under a strong positive selection pressure, while high R0 is often found among viruses that are highly stable. The reason for the difference between antigenically diverse viruses with low R0, such as influenza A virus, and antigenically stable viruses with high R0, such as measles virus, is not clear and has been a subject of great interest. Optimization of transmissibility fitness considering intra-host dynamics and inter-host transmissibility was shown to result in strategies for tradeoff between transmissibility and diversity. The nature of transmission, targeting either a na?ve children population or an adult population with partial immunity, has been proposed as a contributing factor for the difference in the strategies used by the two groups of viruses. The R0 determines the levels of threshold heard immunity. Lower R0 requires lowerherd immunity to terminate an outbreak. Therefore, it can be assumed that the outbreak saturation can be reached more readily when the R0 is low. In addition, one may assume that when the outbreak saturation is reached, herd immunity may provide a strong positive selection pressure that could possibly result in an occurrence of escape mutants. Studies of these hypotheses will give us an important insight into viral evolution. This review discusses the above hypotheses as well as some possible mechanistic explanation for the difference in transmission efficiency of

关键词： Basic reproductive number Transmission Viral infection Antigenic diversity Herd Immunity Selective pressure Influenza Measles

Substrate specificity of avian influenza H5N1 neuraminidase

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World Journal of Virology 2014年第4期3卷 30-36页

作者： Naruthai Onsirisakul Shin-ichi Nakakita Chompunuch Boonarkart Alita Kongchanagul Ornpreya Suptawiwat Pilaipan Puthavathana Krisada Chaichuen Kanokwan Kittiniyom Yasuo Suzuki prasert auewarakul Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology Faculty of Medical TechnologyMahidol UniversityBangkok 73170Thailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniveristyBangkok 10700Thailand Division of Functional Glycomics Life Sciences Research CenterKagawa UniversityTakamatsu 761-0793Japan Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand Faculty of Veterinary Science Mahidol UniversityNakorn Pathom 73170Thailand College of Life and Health Sciences Chubu UniversityKasugai 487-8501Japan

AIM: To characterise neuraminidase(NA) substrate specificity of avian influenza H5N1 strains from humans and birds comparing to seasonal influenza ***: Avian influenza H5N1 strains from humans and birds were recruited for characterising their NA substrate specificity by using a modified commercial fluorescence Amplex Red assay. This method can identify the preference of α2,6-linked sialic acid or α2,3-linked sialic acid. Moreover, to avoid the bias of input virus, reverse genetic virus using NA gene from human isolated H5N1 were generated and used to compare with the seasonal influenza virus. Lastly, the substrate specificity profile was further confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis of the enzymatic product. RESULTS: The H5N1 NA showed higher activity on α2,3-linked sialic acid than α2,6-linked(P < 0.0001). To compare the NA activity between the H5N1 and seasonal influenza viruses, reverse genetic viruses carrying the NA of H5N1 viruses and NA from a seasonal H3N2 virus was generated. In these reverse genetic viruses, the NA activity of the H5N1 showed markedly higher activity against α2,3-linked sialic acid than that of the H3N2 virus, whereas the activities on α2,6-linkage were comparable. Interestingly, NA from an H5N1 human isolate that was previously shown to have heamagglutinin(HA) with dual specificity showed reduced activity on α2,3-linkage. To confirm the substrate specificity profile, HPLC analytic of enzymatic product was performed. Similar to Amplex red assay, H5N1 virus showed abundant preference on α2,3-linked sialic ***: H5N1 virus maintains the avian specific NA and NA changes may be needed to accompany changes in HA receptor preference for the viral adaptation to humans.

关键词： H5N1 avian influenza virus Neuraminidase Sialic acid Adaptation Substrate preference

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寨卡病毒在泰国传播的免疫学证据

安徽预防医学杂志 2016年第2期22卷 143-143页

作者： Nitwara Wikan Yupin Suputtamongkol Sutee Yoksan Ducan R. Smith prasert auewarakul 邓舒玛希隆大学分子生物科学研究所泰国曼谷玛希隆大学里拉吉医学院泰国曼谷不详

目的确定寨卡病毒在泰国传播的免疫学证据。方法对可能感染寨卡病毒的人群进行血清学调查,共对21名未明确病因的急性发热患者进行免疫学检查,检查内容包括寨卡病毒、登革热、日本脑炎和基孔肯雅热抗原免疫印迹分析。结果 21份血清样本中... 详细信息

目的确定寨卡病毒在泰国传播的免疫学证据。方法对可能感染寨卡病毒的人群进行血清学调查,共对21名未明确病因的急性发热患者进行免疫学检查,检查内容包括寨卡病毒、登革热、日本脑炎和基孔肯雅热抗原免疫印迹分析。结果 21份血清样本中有20份显示至少存在一个抗原免疫反应阳性,7份样本显示所有抗原均呈阳性。其中两份血清样本仅显示寨卡病毒抗原阳性,而没有其它抗原检测阳性结果。结论本研究首次证实了寨卡病毒已经在泰国传播,但疑似病例如何感染寨卡病毒并传播尚需进一步调查。

关键词：免疫学检查病毒寨卡传播泰国证据抗原阳性血清学调查