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Current methods for the maturation of induced pluripotent stem cellderived cardiomyocytes

World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第1期11卷 33-43页

作者： pranav machiraju Steven C Greenway Departments of Pediatrics and Cardiac Sciences Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of Calgary Departments of Pediatrics Cardiac Sciences Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary

Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) were first generated by Yamanaka and colleagues over a decade ago. Since then, iPSCs have been successfully differentiated into many distinct cell types, enabling tissue-, disease-, and patientspecific in vitro modelling. Cardiovascular disease is the greatest cause of mortality worldwide but encompasses rarer disorders of conduction and myocardial function for which a cellular model of study is ideal. Although methods to differentiate iPSCs into beating cardiomyocytes(iPSC-CMs) have recently been adequately optimized and commercialized, the resulting cells remain largely immature with regards to their structure and function,demonstrating fetal gene expression, disorganized morphology, reliance on predominantly glycolytic metabolism and contractile characteristics that differ from those of adult cardiomyocytes. As such, disease modelling using iPSC-CMs may be inaccurate and of limited utility. However, this limitation is widely recognized, and numerous groups have made substantial progress in addressing this problem. This review highlights successful methods that have been developed for the maturation of human iPSC-CMs using small molecules,environmental manipulation and 3-dimensional(3 D) growth approaches.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes Regenerative medicine Stem cell biology Translational research

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钒技术在难减排行业和能源转型中的作用评估

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钢铁钒钛 2024年第4期45卷 84-94页

作者： David ASantos Manish KDixit pranav Pradeep Kumar Sarbajit Banerjee 德克萨斯农工大学化学系德克萨斯农工大学材料科学和工程系德克萨斯农工大学建筑科学系德克萨斯农工大学土木与环境工程学院

重工业的减碳和可再生能源技术的出现皆与获得矿物资源有着密不可分的联系。因此，迫切需要对关键元素在减少温室气体排放方面的作用进行基准评估。考察了钒作为微合金元素在建筑碳减排以及作为电网储能用液流电池的主要成分在能源转型... 详细信息

重工业的减碳和可再生能源技术的出现皆与获得矿物资源有着密不可分的联系。因此，迫切需要对关键元素在减少温室气体排放方面的作用进行基准评估。考察了钒作为微合金元素在建筑碳减排以及作为电网储能用液流电池的主要成分在能源转型中的作用。研究结果表明，钒可使每年减少总计1.85亿t碳排放。其中，中国和欧盟的减排幅度分别为各自排放量的1.15%和0.18%。研究结果强调了关键金属在发展低碳基础设施中的作用，同时指出了进行全面评估并施加政策干预减轻供应链风险的必要性。

关键词：钒微合金化液流电池碳减排

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A Workable Solution for Reducing the Large Number of Vehicle and Pedestrian Accidents Occurring on a Yellow Light

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第1期14卷 82-87页

作者： pranav Gupta Silki Arora Drive Safe Now Ottawa Canada

Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada, during 2019, the National Collision Database shows that 28% of traffic fatalities and 42% of serious injuries occurred at intersections. Likewise, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) found that about 40% of the estimated 5,811,000 accidents in the U.S. during the year studied were intersection-related crashes. In fact, a major survey by the car insurance industry found that nearly 85% of drivers could not identify the correct action to take when approaching a yellow traffic light at an intersection. One major reason for these accidents is the “yellow light dilemma,” the ambiguous situation where a driver should stop or proceed forward when unexpectedly faced with a yellow light. This situation is even further exacerbated by the tendency of aggressive drivers to inappropriately speed up on the yellow just to get through the traffic light. A survey of Canadian drivers conducted by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation found that 9% of drivers admitted to speeding up to get through a traffic light. Another reason for these accidents is the increased danger of making a left-hand turn on yellow. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), left turns occur in approximately 22.2% of collisions—as opposed to just 1.2% for right turns. Moreover, a study by CNN found left turns are three times as likely to kill pedestrians than right turns. The reason left turns are so much more likely to cause an accident is because they take a driver against traffic and in the path of oncoming cars. Additionally, most of these left turns occur at the driver’s discretion—as opposed to the distressingly brief left-hand arrow at busy intersections. Drive Safe Now proposes a workable solution for reducing the number of accidents occ

关键词： Traffic Accidents Yellow Light Traffic Light Signals Intersection Crashes Collision Traffic Fatalities Traffic Injuries Vehicles Safety Speed Limit Driving Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists Caution Line Yellow Light Dilemma Left Hand Turn on Yellow Distance Smart Road Technology Signs Signage Autonomous Vehicles AVs Road Safety IoT Internet of Things Infrastructure Accident Reduction Driving Habits Stop Line Red Light Jumping Pedestrian Safety Caution Light Stopping at Intersection Safety at Intersections

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Chemical surface tuning of zinc metal anode toward stable,dendrite-less aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 1-8,I0001页

作者： pranav Kulkarni Sun-Sik Kim Hyun Young Jung Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siGyeongnam 52725South Korea Department of Energy System Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siGyeongnam 52725South Korea

The commercialization of Zn batteries is confronted with urgent challenges in the metal anode,such as dendrite formation,capacity loss,and cracking or ***,surface interfacial engineering of the Zn anode is introduced for achieving safety and dendritic-free cycling for high-performance aqueous Zn batteries through a simple but highly effective chemical etching-substitution *** chemical modification induces a rough peak-valley surface with a thin fluorine-rich interfacial layer on the Zn anode surface,which regulates the growth orientation via guiding uniform Zn plating/stripping,significantly enhances accessibility to aqueous electrolytes and improves wettability by reducing surface *** a result,such a synergetic surface effect enables uniform Zn plating/stripping with low polarization of 29 m V at a current density of 0.5 m A cm^(-2) with stable cyclic performance up to 1000 ***,a full cell composed of a fluorine-substituted Zn anode coupled with aβ-MnO_(2)or Ba-V_(6)O_(13)cathode demonstrates improved capacity retention to 1000 cycles compared to the pristine-Zn *** proposed valley deposition model provides the practical direction of surface-modified interfacial chemistries for improving the electrochemical properties of multivalent metal anodes via surface tuning.

关键词： Dendrite free Peak-Valley surface Zinc-ion batteries Surface modification Fluorinated interface

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A High-Speed Launching Mechanism Inspired by a Slingshot Spider’s Web

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 440-447页

作者： Tom Bates John Gerig Manuel Avitia Gunnar Waldvogel Tesfay Legesse Justin Washington pranav A.Bhounsule Robotics and Motion Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Chicago842 W.Taylor St.ChicagoIL 60607USA

Slingshot spiders use their conical webs to launch themselves at high speeds to catch *** built a launching mechanism inspired by the slingshot *** launch mechanisms comprise a steel structure with eye bolts to hold a conical web made from latex rubber *** pull the web by a winch using a lever arm.A quick-release mechanism connects the web to the winch using a tough-grid *** we release the quick-return mechanism,the projectile material consisting of a steel ball achieved an acceleration of 5107 m s^(-2) or 521 times gravity,and a speed of 66.41 m s^(-1).The power per unit mass and energy per unit mass of our prototype was one tenth and one fifth that of the spider’s web *** particular,we found that web structure consisting multiple radial web elements reinforced with circumferential web elements provide enhanced stiffness;as a comparison our web had a stiffness of about eight times that of traditional slingshot with a single radial web *** results suggest that adapting designs from nature can lead to potentially superior performance of man-made contraptions.

关键词： Slingshot spider Launching mechanisms Catapult Bioinspiration

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Load dependent microstructural evolution in an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron during unlubricated sliding

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Friction 2022年第8期10卷 1258-1275页

作者： U.pranav NAYAK Sebastian SUÁREZ Valentin PESNEL Frank MÜCKLICH María Agustina GUITAR Department of Materials Science Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Materials Engineering Center Saarland Saarbrücken 66123Germany Ecole Européenne d’ingénieurs en Génie des Matériaux Universitéde LorraineNancy 54000France

In the current study,an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron(HCCI)alloy was subjected to dry-sliding linear wear tests,under different *** loads were selected based on analytically computing the critical load(PC)i.e.,the load necessary to induce plastic *** PC was calculated to be 15 N and accordingly,a sub-critical load(5 N)and an over-critical load(20 N)were *** influence of increasing the load during the wear test was investigated in terms of the matrix microstructural behaviour and its ability to support the surrounding *** morphological aspects of the wear tracks,and the deformed matrix microstructure adjacent and underneath the track was analysed by confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),*** evidence of plastic deformation of the matrix was observed below *** the contrary,at loads equal to and higher than PC,the austenitic matrix plastically deformed as evidenced by the presence of slip *** backscattered diffraction(EBSD)measurements in terms of grain reference orientation deviation,and micro-Vickers hardness of the austenitic matrix indicated a deformation depth of about 40μm at the maximum applied load of 20 *** active wear mechanisms during sliding were a combination of both adhesive and abrasive wear,although increasing the load shifted the dominant mechanism towards *** was primarily attributable to the increased propensity for carbide cracking and fracturing,combined with the inability of the hardened austenitic matrix surface and sub-surface to adequately support the broken carbide ***,the shift in the dominant wear mechanism was also reflected in the wear volume and subsequently,the wear rate.

关键词： high chromium cast iron unlubricated sliding plastic deformation wear resistance carbide spallation matrix hardness

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Mutation Prediction for Coronaviruses Using Genome Sequence and Recurrent Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1601-1619页

作者： pranav Pushkar Christo Ananth Preeti Nagrath Jehad F.Al-Amri Vividha Anand Nayyar Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering New Delhi110063India Department of Natural and Exact Sciences Samarkand State UniversitySamarkandUzbekistan Graduate School Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

The study of viruses and their genetics has been an opportunity as well as a challenge for the scientific *** recent ongoing SARSCov2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)pandemic proved the unpreparedness for these *** only the countermeasures for the effect caused by virus need to be tackled but the mutation taking place in the very genome of the virus is needed to be kept in check *** major way to find out more information about such pathogens is by extracting the genetic data of such *** genetic data of viruses have been cultured and stored as well as isolated in form of their genome sequences,there is still limited methods on what new viruses can be generated in future due to *** research proposes a deep learning model to predict the genome sequences of the SARS-Cov2 virus using only the previous viruses of the coronaviridae family with the help of RNN-LSTM(Recurrent Neural Network-Long ShortTerm Memory)and RNN-GRU(Gated Recurrent Unit)so that in the future,several counter measures can be taken by predicting possible changes in the genome with the help of existing mutations in the *** the process of testing the model,the F1-recall came out to be more than *** mutation detection’s accuracy of both the models come out about 98.5%which shows the capability of the recurrent neural network to predict future changes in the genome of virus.

关键词： COVID-19 genome sequence coronaviridae RNN-LSTM RNN-GRU

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A comprehensive review of pre-lithiation/sodiation additives for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 479-494,I0012页

作者： pranav Kulkarni Hyunyoung Jung Debasis Ghosh Mohammed Jalalah Mabkhoot Alsaiari Farid A.Harraz R.Geetha Balakrishna Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain Global CampusJain UniversityKanakapuraBangalore 562112KarnatakaIndia Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siCyeongnam 52725South Korea Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices(PCSED) Advanced Materials and Nano-Research CentreNajran UniversityNajran 11001Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran 11001Saudi Arabia Empty Quarter Unit Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science and Arts at SharurahNajran UniversityNajran 11001Saudi Arabia Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI)HelwanCairo 11421Egypt

Lithium/Sodium-ion batteries(LIB/SIB)have attracted enormous attention as a promising electrochemical energy storage system due to their high energy density and long cycle *** of the major hurdles is the initial irreversible capacity loss during the first few cycles owing to forming the solid electrolyte interphase layer(SEI).This process consumes a profusion of lithium/sodium,which reduces the overall energy density and cycle ***,a suitable approach to compensate for the irreversible capacity loss must be developed to improve the energy density and cycle ***-lithiation/sodiation is a widely accepted process to compensate for the irreversible capacity loss during the initial *** strategies such as physical,chemical,and electrochemical pre-lithiation/sodiation have been explored;however,these approaches add an extra step to the current manufacturing *** to these strategies,pre-lithiation/sodiation additives have attracted enormous attention due to their easy adaptability and compatibility with the current battery manufacturing *** this review,we consolidate recent developments and emphasize the importance of using pre-lithiation/sodiation additives(anode and cathode)to overcome the irreversible capacity loss during the initial cycles in lithium/sodium-ion *** review also addresses the technical and scientific challenges of using pre-lithiation/sodiation additives and offers the insights to boost the energy density and cycle life with their possible commercial *** most important prerequisites for designing effective pre-lithiation/sodiation additives have been explored and the future directions have been discussed.

关键词： Pre-lithiation/sodiation additives Solid electrolyte interphase Anode pre-lithiation/sodiation additives Cathode pre-lithiation/sodiation additives Coulombic efficiency

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Discrete Wavelet Transmission and Modified PSO with ACO Based Feed Forward Neural Network Model for Brain Tumour Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1081-1096页

作者： machiraju Jayalakshmi S.Nagaraja Rao Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering JNTUA AnantapuramuAndhra PradeshIndia Department of ECE G.Pulla Reddy Engineering College(Autonomous)KurnoolAndhra PradeshIndia

In recent years,the development in the field of computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)has increased *** traditional machine learning algorithms have been proposed for identifying the pathological brain using magnetic resonance *** existing algorithms have drawbacks with respect to their accuracy,efficiency,and limited learning *** address these issues,we propose a pathological brain tumour detection method that utilizes the Weiner filter to improve the image contrast,2D-discrete wavelet transformation(2D-DWT)to extract the features,probabilistic principal component analysis(PPCA)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)to normalize and reduce the features,and a feed-forward neural network(FNN)and modified particle swarm optimization(MPSO)with ant colony optimization(ACO)to improve the accuracy,stability,and overcome fitting issues in the classification of brain magnetic resonance *** proposed method achieves better results than other existing algorithms.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transformation ant colony optimization feed-forward neural network linear discriminant analysis

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Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4) supported on bio-waste derived cellulosic-carbon as a nanocatalyst for C-C coupling and electrocatalytic application

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 1514-1525页

作者： Vishal Kandathil Akshay Moolakkil pranav Kulkarni Alaap Kumizhi Veetil Manjunatha Kempasiddaiah Sasidhar Balappa Somappa R.Geetha Balakrishna Siddappa A.Patil Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain UniversityJain Global CampusBangalore 562112India Organic Chemistry Section Chemical Sciences&Technology DivisionNational Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology(CSIR)Thiruvananthapuram 695019India

The current work describes the synthesis of a new bio-waste derived cellulosic-carbon supportedpalladium nanoparticles enriched magnetic nanocatalyst(Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4)@C)using a simple multi-step process under aerobic *** mild reaction conditions,the Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4)@C magnetic nanocatalyst demonstrated excellent catalytic activity in the Hiyama cross-coupling reaction for a variety of ***,the Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4)@C magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity up to five recycles without significant catalytic activity loss in the Hiyama cross-coupling ***,we explored the use of Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4)@C magnetic nanocatalyst as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution ***,the Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4)@C magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited better electrochemical activity compared to bare carbon and magnetite(Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles)with an overpotential of 293 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(–2).

关键词： bio-waste cellulosic-carbon Pd/Fe_(3)O_(4) Hiyama cross-coupling hydrogen evolution reaction recyclability

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