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Acute-on-chronic liver failure in a multi-ethnic Asian city:A comparison of patients identified by Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver and European Association for the Study of the Liver definitions

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第28期9卷 1133-1140页

作者： Anandraj Selva Rajoo seng-Gee Lim Wah Wah Phyo Thandar Tun Yock-Young Dan Yin-Mei Lee How-Cheng Low Kieron Lim poh-seng tan Guan-Huei Lee Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology ASTARSingapore 138668Singapore Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Hepatology Mandalay General Hospital30th StChan Aye Tharsan TownshipMandalayMyanmar

AIM To explore the applicability of the Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver(APASL) and European Association for the Study of the Liver(EASL) guidelines for acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF) in profiling patients and determining the *** Patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Singapore with acute decompensation of liver disease from January 2004to July 2014 are screened for ACLF according to the APASL and EASL criteria. The patients' data(including basic demographics, information about existing chronic liver disease, information about the acute decompensation, relevant laboratory values during admission, treatment, and outcome) are retrospectively analyzed to determine the background, precipitating factors and *** A total of 458 liver patients is analyzed, and 78 patients with ACLF are identified. Sixty-three patients(80.8%) meet the APASL criteria, 64 patients(82.1%) meet the EASL criteria, and 49 patients(62.8%) fulfilled both criteria. The most common causes of acute liver injury are bacterial infections(59.0%), hepatitis B flare(29.5%), and variceal bleeding(24.4%). The common aetiologies of the underlying chronic disease included hepatitis B(43.6%), alcoholic(20.5%) and cryptogenic(11.5%) liver disease. The overall mortality rate is 61.5%. Increased age, the number of organ failures(as per CLIF-SOFA score), peak creatinine, INR, and amylase levels are associated with increased mortality or the need for liver transplantation. 14.3% of patients undergo liver transplantation with a 100% 1-year survival rate. CONCLUSION Both APASL and EASL criteria have identified ACLF patients with high three-month mortality, but those who fulfill APASL criteria alone have a better survival.

关键词： Acute-on-chronic liver failure Survival Prognosis Liver decompensation Liver cirrhosis

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Risk factors for ribavirin treatment failure in Asian organ transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis E infection

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第6期11卷 553-561页

作者： En Xian Sarah Low Edhel Tripon Kieron Lim poh seng tan How Cheng Low Yock Young Dan Yin Mei Lee Mark Muthiah Wai Mun Loo Calvin Jianyi Koh Wah Wah Phyo JunXiong Pang seng Gee Lim Guan-Huei Lee Department of Medicine Ng Teng Fong General HospitalNational University Health SystemSingapore 609606Singapore Centre for Liver Disease Management and Transplant of Medical City Manila 1605Philippines Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre Singapore 228510Singapore Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research National University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

BACKGROUND Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is a cause of chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed *** virologic response rates to a 12-wk course of ribavirin therapy were reported to be>70%in the *** study describes the outcome of HEV treatment in a transplant center in *** To study the outcome of ribavirin treatment in a series of chronic HEV patients,and the cause of treatment *** We studied all of the transplant recipients who were diagnosed with HEV infection between 2012 to *** outcome of therapy and virologic relapse are monitored for three years after the end of *** Ten transplant recipients(4 liver,5 kidney,and 1 bone marrow transplantation)with positive HEV RNA were *** patients received at least 12 wk of ribavirin therapy,and the remaining patient resolved after reducing immunosuppression *** subjects had prolonged viremia that lasted more than one year,despite continuous ribavirin *** ribavirin-treated patients(44.4%)had HEV RNA relapse after achieving a virologic response by the end of *** overall failure rate is 66.7%.Being a kidney transplant recipient is the strongest risk factor for not achieving an initial sustained virologic response(0/5 treated,Chi-Square test,P<0.05).The most common side effect of ribavirin is anemia(100%)(haemoglobin reduction of 3-6.2 g/dL).Seven patients required either a blood transfusion or erythropoietin *** The sustained virologic response rate of 12-wk ribavirin therapy for HEV infection in this Asian series was lower than *** transplant recipients had a higher rate of treatment failure due to higher immunosuppression requirements and adverse effects.

关键词： Toxicity Antiviral agents Hepatitis E virus Virus classification Systemic immunity Immune responses Persistent infection

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Validation of genetic variants associated with metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liver disease in an ethnic Chinese population

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第12期12卷 1228-1238页

作者： Guan Huei Lee Wah Wah Phyo Wai Mun Loo Raymond Kwok Taufique Ahmed Asim Shabbir Jimmy So Calvin Jianyi Koh Juanda Leo Hartono Mark Muthiah Kieron Lim poh seng tan Yin Mei Lee seng GeeLim Yock Young Dan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Medicine Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingapore 768828Singapore Department of Surgery National University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore

BACKGROUND Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).AIM To study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),previously identified in Western populations,with the risk of MAFLD in a Singapore Chinese population and their interactions with environmental and medical risk *** A retrospective case-control study was conducted with 72 MAFLD cases and 72 controls with no hepatic steatosis on computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,or controlled attenuation parameter *** were recruited from two tertiary *** alleles such as NCAN,GCKR,LYPLAL1,PNPLA3,PPP1R3B,FDFT1,COL13A1,EFCAB4B,PZP,and TM6SF2 were genotyped using the TaqMan®Predesigned SNP Genotyping *** Weight and body mass index(BMI)were 1.2-times higher in patients(70.6 kg,95%confidence interval[CI]:57.1-84.1 vs 60.8 kg,95%CI:48.5-73.1,P<0.001 and 26.9 kg,95%CI:23-40.8 vs 23.3 kg 95%CI:19-27.6,P<0.001 respectively).The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients was 40.3%and 20.8%in controls(P=0.011).Patients had higher mean triglycerides than controls(P<0.001).PNPLA3 GG was more likely to be associated with MAFLD(43.4%CC vs 69.7%GG,P=0.017,and 44.8%CG vs 69.7%GG,P=0.022).In multivariable analysis,hypertriglyceridemia(odds ratio[OR]:2.0495%CI:1.3-3.1,P=0.001),BMI(OR:1.295%CI:1.1-1.4,P<0.001)and PNPLA3 GG(OR:3.495%CI:1.3-9.2,P=0.014)were associated with MAFLD(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.823).CONCLUSION Among the Chinese population of Singapore,PNPLA3 homozygous GG allele is a strong predictor of MAFLD,whereas LYPLAL1,GCKR,FDFT1,COL13A1,PZP,and TM6SF2 are not significantly ***,high BMI,and PNPLA3 GG are independent predictors of MAFLD.

关键词： Single nucleotide polymorphism PNPLA3 Genotyping Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Hypertriglyceridemia Body mass index Waist-hip ratio,Screening Hepatic steatosis

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Apolipoprotein E elicits targetdirected miRNA degradation to maintain neuronal integrity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2577-2578页

作者： Jiazi tan Chin-Tong Ong Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore

Apolipoprotein E has diverse functions in neurons:Apolipoprotein E(ApoE)is a glycoprotein that primarily regulates lipid metabolism and transport in the central nervous *** are three predominant human ApoE protein isoforms with cysteine and arginine substitutions at amino acid positions 112 and 158 that impact their lipidation and related functions(Flowers and Rebeck,2020).ApoE2 is characterized by Cys112 and Cys158,ApoE3 by Cys112 and Arg158,whereas ApoE4 contains Arg112 and Arg158.

关键词： metabolism glycoprotein maintain

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Copper-catalyzed C–H bond functionalization enabled by programmed alternating current

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 10-11页

作者： Zhoumei tan Kun Xu Chengchu Zeng Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology College of Chemistry and Life Science Beijing University of Technology

Synthetic electrochemistry has been selected as one of the Top Ten Emerging Technologies in Chemistry in 2023 by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)[1]. It has emerged as a sustainable platform for organic synthesis and has exhibited a wide range of applications from academia to industry [2]. However, electrosynthesis has been predominantly performed by using direct current (DC).

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Erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser and advanced plateletrich fibrin+in periodontal diseases:Two case reports and review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第33期10卷 12337-12344页

作者： Kai-seng tan Dentistry Ritz Digital Dental ClinicNew Taipei 238Taiwan

BACKGROUND The goal of periodontal disease treatment is to completely remove bacteria and promote wound *** erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Er:YAG)laser is commonly used to treat periodontal *** platelet-rich fibrin+(A-PRF+)secrets growth factors that accelerates soft-and hard-tissue regeneration and wound *** I present 2 cases of patients with oral diseases treated with a combination of Er:YAG laser and A-PRF+.CASE SUMMARY Case 1 was a female with pocket depth bone loss over 8 mm and infection of tooth 31 and 41,and severe advanced periodontitis with grade III *** 2 was a male with tooth 22 root end apical swelling and infection and alveolar bony *** outcomes were recorded at 6 and 36 *** case 1,the Er:YAG laser was used to perform open flap debridement(100 mJ/pulse,15 Hz)and remove calculus and granulation tissue(50 mJ/pulse,30 Hz).In case 2 the laser was used to create a semilunar full thickness flap incision(80 mJ/pulse,20 Hz)and eliminate the pathogen(100 mJ/pulse,15 Hz).In both patients,A-PRF+mixed with bone was used to fill bone defects,and A-PRF+autologous membranes were used to cover tension-free primary *** was no recurrent infection at 36 mo,and tissue regeneration and would healing *** Debridement with an Er:YAG laser followed by treatment with A-PRF+is effective for the treatment periodontal diseases with bone defects.

关键词： Erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser Advanced platelet-rich fibrin+ Periodontology Tissue regeneration and healing Wound healing Case report

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Utilizing engineered extracellular vesicles as delivery vectors in the management of ischemic stroke:a special outlook on mitochondrial delivery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2181-2198页

作者： Jiali Chen Yiyang Li Xingping Quan Jinfen Chen Yan Han Li Yang Manfei Zhou Greta seng Peng Mok Ruibing Wang Yonghua Zhao Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Pharmacy Hunan Provincial People’s Hospitalthe First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina

Ischemic stroke is a secondary cause of mortality worldwide,imposing considerable medical and economic burdens on *** vesicles,serving as natural nanocarriers for drug delivery,exhibit excellent biocompatibility in vivo and have significant advantages in the management of ischemic ***,the uncertain distribution and rapid clearance of extracellular vesicles impede their delivery *** utilizing membrane decoration or by encapsulating therapeutic cargo within extracellular vesicles,their delivery efficacy may be greatly ***,previous studies have indicated that microvesicles,a subset of large-sized extracellular vesicles,can transport mitochondria to neighboring cells,thereby aiding in the restoration of mitochondrial function post-ischemic *** extracellular vesicles have also demonstrated the capability to transfer mitochondrial components,such as proteins or deoxyribonucleic acid,or their sub-components,for extracellular vesicle-based ischemic stroke *** this review,we undertake a comparative analysis of the isolation techniques employed for extracellular vesicles and present an overview of the current dominant extracellular vesicle modification *** the complex facets of treating ischemic stroke,we also delineate various extracellular vesicle modification approaches which are suited to different facets of the treatment ***,given the burgeoning interest in mitochondrial delivery,we delved into the feasibility and existing research findings on the transportation of mitochondrial fractions or intact mitochondria through small extracellular vesicles and microvesicles to offer a fresh perspective on ischemic stroke therapy.

关键词： delivery engineering extracellular vesicles identification ischemic stroke isolation mitochondria targeting strategy therapeutic effects

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OPTIMAL INVESTMENT WITH NOISE TRADING RISK

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2008年第4期21卷 519-526页

作者： Yunhui XU Zhongfei LI Ken seng tan Lingnan College Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada. Lingnan College Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada China Institute for Actuarial Science Central University of Finance and Economics Beijing 100081 China.

This paper investigates the optimal dynamic investment for an investor who maximizes constant absolute risk aversion （CARA） utility in a discrete-time market with a riskfree bond and a risky stock. The risky stock is assumed to present both the dividend risk and the price risk. With our assumptions, the dividend risk is equivalent to fundamental risk, and the price risk is equivalent to the noise trading risk. The analytical expression for the optimal investment strategy is obtained by dynamic programming. The main result in this paper highlights the importance of differentiating between noise trading risk and fundamental risk for the optimal dynamic investment.

关键词： Dynamic investment noise trade overlapping generation serial correlation.

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Force and impulse multi-sensor based on flexible gate dielectric field effect transistor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 214-220页

作者： Chao tan Junling Lü Chunchi Zhang Dong Liang Lei Yang Zegao Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

Nowadays,force sensors play an important role in industrial production,electronic information,medical health,and many other ***-dimensional material-based filed effect transistor(2D-FET)sensors are competitive with nano-level size,lower power consumption,and accurate ***,few of them has the capability of impulse detection which is a path function,expressing the cumulative effect of the force on the particle over a period of *** we fabricated the flexible polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)gate dielectric MoS_(2)-FET for force and impulse sensor *** systematically investigated the responses of the sensor to constant force and varying forces,and achieved the conversion factors of the drain current signals(I_(ds))to the detected impulse(I).The applied force was detected and recorded by I_(ds)with a low power consumption of~30 *** sensitivity of the device can reach~8000%and the 4×1 sensor array is able to detect and locate the normal force applied on ***,there was almost no performance loss for the device as left in the air for two months.

关键词： flexible gate dielectric transistor force sensor impulse sensor force sensor array

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Brain region-specific roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in social stress-induced depressive-like behavior

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 159-173页

作者： Man Han Deyang Zeng Wei tan Xingxing Chen Shuyuan Bai Qiong Wu Yushan Chen Zhen Wei Yufei Mei Yan Zeng Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology WuhanHubei ProvinceChina School of Public Health Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a key factor in stress adaptation and avoidance of a social stress behavioral *** studies have shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in stressed mice is brain region–specific,particularly involving the corticolimbic system,including the ventral tegmental area,nucleus accumbens,prefrontal cortex,amygdala,and *** how brain-derived neurotrophic factor participates in stress processing in different brain regions will deepen our understanding of social stress *** this review,we discuss the expression and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in stress-sensitive brain regions closely related to the pathophysiology of *** focused on associated molecular pathways and neural circuits,with special attention to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor–tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling pathway and the ventral tegmental area–nucleus accumbens dopamine *** determined that stress-induced alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are likely related to the nature,severity,and duration of stress,especially in the above-mentioned brain regions of the corticolimbic ***,BDNF might be a biological indicator regulating stress-related processes in various brain regions.

关键词： amygdala chronic mild stress chronic social defeat stress corticolimbic system depression hippocampus medial prefrontal cortex nucleus accumbens social stress models ventral tegmental area

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