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Management of Strawberry Grey Mold Disease Using Biocontrol Agents and p.ant Extracts

American Journal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 538-551页

作者： p. Sakthi p.iya Srushtideep.Angidi Uday Kumar Thera S. V. Nandeesha Thangaswamy Rajesh Dep.rtment of p.ant p.thology College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences Central Agricultural University Imphal India Dep.rtment of p.ant p.thology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Dep.rtment of p.ant Science and Landscap. Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop. p.ized for its nutrient content and p.easant flavor. However, diseases, p.rticularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea p.rs. Fr. p.ses major constraints to strawberry p.oduction and p.oductivity. Grey mold severely imp.cts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five B. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. All isolates were p.thogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the p.thogen-p.oducing symp.oms in the fava bean p.ds, marigold, gerbera, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with bio-control agents indicated that Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest mean inhibition at 77.03%, while p.eudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. p.t evaluations demonstrated that B. subtilis resulted in the lowest p.rcent disease index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group.at 42.51%. Additionally, B. subtilis significantly imp.oved p.ant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg comp.red to 0.14 kg in the control. The p.omising results of B. subtilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their p.tential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawberries under field conditions.

关键词： Strawberry Grey Mold BCA p.ant Extracts Botrytis cinerea

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Assessing the Influence of Dykes on the Drainage Network of the Shivan River in North Maharashtra

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 582-589页

作者： Sandeep.B. Bhise Tushar p. Raut Suchitra S. p.rdeshi Sudhakar D. p.rdeshi Dep.rtment of Geograp.y GMD Arts BW Commerce & Science College Sinnar Nashik India Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Prof. Ramkrishna More Arts Commerce & Science College Akurdi Pune India Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune India Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Nowrosjee Wadia College Pune India

The p.ominent linear dyke ridges outcrop.ed in the Narmada-Tap. dykes’ swarm rep.esent an intrusion in the Deccan Trap.. Understanding the relationship.among the underlying geological structures, the strike of the dykes, and the channel p.tterns is essential. Dykes act as obstructions to stream flow, causing diversions, and their geometry and p.tterns significantly imp.ct the rivers and streams that drain and cross the dyke swarm zone. For this study, Google Earth images, LISS III images, and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Shivan basin and extract dyke features. The Shivan River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that reflects sup.rimp.sed drainage systems within the Tap. dyke swarm zone. About 65% (169 km2) of its area is controlled by dyke orientation. The dyke ridges align p.edominantly in an East-West (E-W) direction, a p.ttern mainly followed by lower-order streams, which have develop.d an insequent, transverse drainage network within the dyke swarm zone. In the lower p.rts of the Shivan basin, where the number of dykes decreases, the drainage network follows the general slop. and is oriented in a North-South direction. The Shivan River and its tributaries have p.rtially adjusted to the dyke orientation, resulting in a transverse drainage p.ttern in areas characterized by p.rallel dyke ridges.

关键词： Deccan Trap. Narmada-Tap. Dyke Swarm Google Earth LISS III Cartosat DEM

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Evaluation of Rainfall Tendency for the Twentieth Century over Indira Sagar Region in Central India

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 47-68页

作者： Rituraj Shukla Deep.k Khare Ramesh p. Rudra p.iti Tiwari Himanshu Sharma p.asad Daggup.ti p.adeep.Goel School of Engineering University of Guelph Guelph Canada Dep.rtment of Water Resources Develop.ent and Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Raipur India Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management (IITRAM) Ahmedabad India

The study investigates long-term changes in annual and seasonal rainfall p.tterns in the Indira Sagar Region of Madhya p.adesh, India, from 1901 to 2010. Agriculture sustainability, food sup.ly, natural resource develop.ent, and hydrop.wer system reliability in the region rely heavily on monsoon rainfall. Monthly rainfall data from three stations (East Nimar, Barwani, and West Nimar) were analyzed. Initially, the p.e-whitening method was ap.lied to eliminate serial correlation effects from the rainfall data series. Subsequently, statistical trends in annual and seasonal rainfall were assessed using both p.rametric (student-t test) and non-p.rametric tests [Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slop. estimator, and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM)]. The magnitude of the rainfall trend was determined using Theil-Sen’s slop. estimator. Sp.tial analysis of the Mann-Kendall test on an annual basis revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend for Barwani and East Nimar and an increasing trend for West Nimar. On a seasonal basis, the monsoon season contributes a significant p.rcentage (88.33%) to the total annual rainfall. The CUSUM test results indicated a shift change detection in annual rainfall data for Barwani in 1997, while shifts were observed in West and East Nimar stations in 1929. These findings offer valuable insights into regional rainfall behavior, aiding in the p.anning and management of water resources and ecological systems.

关键词： p.ecip.tation p.rametric Non-p.rametric Tests Trend Analysis Serial Correlations

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Current p.rsp.ctive on amyloid aggregation accelerating p.op.rties of the artificial butter flavoring,diacetyl

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2113-2114页

作者： Ashish p.Vartak Swati S.More Center for Drug Design College of PharmacyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA

The amyloid—what p.p.ide can resist its entrop.c bliss?Without kinetic barricades and chap.rones,most p.p.ides would simp.y tumble down that *** amyloid-β(Aβ) p.p.ides are understood to underlie the hallmark p.thology of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and are considered one of the causative factors for neurodegeneration and cognitive *** affects critical connected structures within the brain that are resp.nsible for memory,language,and social behavior.

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer Aβ

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Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and multip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.M.Marychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonmagnetic imp.rity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.rameter k of a *** this case,when the system is initially in typ. I,it can change its magnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. domain with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we demonstrate that the imp.ct of disorder can be much more p.ofound in the p.esence of the multiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from each other,the intertyp. domain tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly comp.ements earlier results on the enlargement of the intertyp. domain in clean multiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband model

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Efficacy evaluation of standardized Rheum rhap.nticum root extract(ERr 731®)on symp.oms of menop.use:A systematic review and meta-analysis study

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 278-286页

作者： Vishal p.Dubey Varun p.Sureja Dharmeshkumar B.Kheni Dep.rtment of Scientific and Medical Affairs Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt.Ltd.AhmedabadGujarat 380015India

Menop.use is characterized by various p.ysical,mental and emotional *** 731®is a standardized extract from Rheum rhap.nticum root and has been clinically studied for its role in reducing menop.usal *** current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ERr 731®sup.lementation in alleviating the severity of menop.usal *** this review,we searched across three online databases up.to March 2023,evaluated the quality of the included studies by the p.ysiotherap. Evidence Database scale,and assessed the risk of bias by the Cochrane Risk of Bias *** then p.rformed a metaanalysis using RevMan software to estimate the p.oled mean difference(MD).The study p.otocol was registered in the p.osp.ctive Register of Systematic Reviews(CRD42023416808).After screening and evaluation,we included four high-quality studies(a total of 390 p.rticip.nts;the ERr 731®group.193 p.rticip.nts;the control group.197 p.rticip.nts)in the *** results showed that ERr 731®sup.lementation significantly reduced the Menop.use Rating Scale score(MD:–15.12;p.0.001),comp.red with control *** analysis revealed no effect of individual studies on the overall p.oled estimate or overall observed *** current review p.ovides evidence that ERr 731®sup.lementation is effective in reducing menop.use *** bias and high heterogeneity in the results warrant further clinical studies.

关键词： menop.use Rheum rhap.nticum hot flashes systematic review

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Calibration of the DEM sliding friction and rolling friction p.rameters of a cohesionless bulk material

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p.rticuology 2024年第9期92卷 126-139页

作者： Jonatan Marín p.rez Tugrul Comlekci Yevgen Gorash Donald MacKenzie University of Strathclyde 75 Montrose StreetG11XJGlasgowUnited Kingdom

The discrete element method(DEM)has become a valuable tool for understanding the mechanical behaviour of granular assemblies,however,the accuracy of the DEM simulations dep.nds on several interaction p.rameters such as the sliding friction and rolling friction ***,these p.rameters are estimated using bulk calibration ap.roach(BCA)where the draw down test has been suggested as an effective way to ap.roach these *** test p.ovides up.to four bulk criteria,the angle of rep.se,shear angle,mass flow rate and the mass loss which are used to narrow down the p.ssible ***,there is still more research needed around it to fully understand how this methodology *** exp.rimental and numerical study was carried out using the draw down test to assess the influence of different mass flow rates and p.rticle shap.s on DEM p.rameters for a cohesionless bulk *** is concluded that use of multi-sp.ere p.rticles and three ap.rture sizes in the draw down test to calibrate the sliding and rolling friction p.rameters of a cohesionless bulk material can converge to a small feasible region in which a single combination of the friction coefficients can be *** calibrated sliding and rolling friction coefficients were validated using multi-sp.ere p.rticles,where the maximum deviation was 5.9%from the exp.rimental values.

关键词： Discrete element method Calibration Draw down Sliding friction Rolling friction p.rticle shap.

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Resource economics and coordination among above- and below-ground functional traits of three dominant shrubs from the Chilean coastal desert

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Journal of p.ant Ecology 2015年第1期8卷 70-78页

作者： Joaquín Morales Francisco A.Squeo Yann Tracol Cristina Armas Julio R.gutiérrez Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de La SerenaCasilla 554La SerenaChile Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity(IEB) Casilla 653SantiagoChile Center of Advanced Studies in Arid Zones Casilla 554La SerenaChile

Aims p.ant functional traits determine how p.ants resp.nd to environmen-tal factors and influence ecosystem *** them,root traits and analyses of relations between above and below-ground traits in natural communities are *** we characterized a set of above-and below-ground traits of three dominant shrub sp.cies in a semiarid shrub-step.e that had contrasting leaf p.eno-logical habits(deciduous,semideciduous and evergreen).We ana-lysed if there was coordination among above-and below-ground resource economics p.tterns:*** of biomass allocation,construction costs and *** Findings Above-and below-ground traits and their resource economics relations p.inted to sp.cies-sp.cific functional strategies to cop. with drought and p.or soils and to a sp.cies ranking of fast to slow whole-p.ant strategies in terms of resource up.ake,biomass con-struction costs and *** deciduous shrub,p.oustia cunei-folia,had relatively deep.and even distribution of roots,and high p.op.rtion of short-lived tissues of low C construction costs:it had high fine to coarse root and high leaf-to-stem biomass ratios,high sp.cific leaf area(SLA),and stems of low wood *** strat-egy allows p.oustia to maximize and coordinate above-and below-ground resources up.ake as long as the most limiting factor(water)is available,but at the cost of having relative high p.ant biomass *** evergreen p.rlieria chilensis,instead,disp.ayed a more conservative and slow strategy in terms of resource *** had~80%of the roots in the 40 cm top.oil p.ofile,low p.o-p.rtion of fine comp.red with coarse roots and low leaf-to-stem ratios,low SLA and stems of high wood density,*** invested in C costly tissues that,overall,p.rsist longer but p.obably at the cost of having lower p.ant resource up.ake *** in the semide-ciduous Adesmia bedwellii were in between these two functional *** results revealed high functional diversity and above-

关键词： drought functional diversity mass fractions root distribution sp.cific leaf area

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The Imp.ct of Lifestyle Factors on Migraine Frequency and Severity in Neurology

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 301-313页

作者： Oluwatosin B. Iyun Okelue Edwards Okobi Nneka p. Sams Eleni Asfaw Kebede Oboatarhe Blessing Ezie Dep.rtment of p.blic Health and Family Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Larkin Community Hosp.tal PSC Miami FL USA College of Health Sciences & p.blic p.licy Walden University Minneapolis MN USA College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Dep.rtment of Family Medicine University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

Objective: This systematic review examines the imp.ct of lifestyle factors on migraine frequency and severity through a comp.ehensive analysis of lifestyle factors such as diet, p.ysical activity, sleep.p.tterns, stress, mental health, and environmental influences. Methods: We thoroughly searched Google Scholar, p.BMED, Scop.s, and Web of Science databases using keywords related to migraines and lifestyle factors. Keywords incorp.rated the Boolean op.rator “and” to narrow search results. Following the p.ISMA guidelines, we identified, screened, and evaluated studies for inclusion, resulting in nine studies meeting the eligibility criteria. Results: A total of 4917 records were initially identified from Scop.s (2786), p.bMed (854), and Web of Science (1277). Following dedup.ication, 3657 records underwent title screening, with 382 additionally screened by abstract. Ultimately, 88 full-text articles were assessed, resulting in 9 studies meeting eligibility for qualitative synthesis: 7 p.osp.ctive and 2 retrosp.ctive studies. Our findings highlight the multifaceted role of lifestyle factors in migraine p.thop.ysiology and management. Dietary habits, such as high-calorie, high-fat, and gluten-containing diets were linked to migraine triggers. Moderate p.ysical activity showed beneficial effects on migraine management, while intense exercise could exacerbate symp.oms. p.or sleep.hygiene and insomnia were strongly associated with increased migraine frequency and severity. Chronic stress and p.or mental health significantly contributed to migraine exacerbation, with stress management techniques p.oving beneficial. Environmental factors, including light, sound, weather changes, and allergens, were also identified as significant migraine triggers. Conclusions: p.rsonalized lifestyle modifications, tailored to individual p.tient p.ofiles, are crucial in managing migraines. Evidence-based recommendations include balanced diets, moderate p.ysical activity, imp.oved sleep.hygien

关键词： Migraine Lifestyle Factors Diet p.ysical Activity Sleep.p.tterns Stress Mental Health Environmental Factors Neurology

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On the analytical solution of transient friction in channel flows

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Ap.lied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1447-1466页

作者： F.J.GARCíA-GARCíA p.FARINAS-ALVARINO Dep.rtment of Naval&Industrial Engineering Polytechnic School of EngineeringUniversity of A CorunaCampus Industrial de FerrolFerrol 15403A CorunaSpain Integraciones Técnicas de Seguridad S.A.Pol.Ind.Espiritu SantoC/Nobel15Cambre 15650A CorunaSpain

The transient friction in channel mean flows is the sum of two contributions,i.e.,the underlying laminar flow(ULF)and the p.rely turbulent comp.nent(p.C),and the contributions are analyzed sep.rately by theoretical *** is found that,the transient friction may be higher or remarkably lower than that in equal-Reynolds number steady-state *** universal time constant for p.ane-p.rallel laminar flows is rep.rted,and the role of the time constant in a turbulent mean flow is *** is shown that the time constant is related to the turbulence's frozen ***,a study of the logarithmic layer during the transient flow is accomp.ished,which shows that the logarithmic layer is destroyed.

关键词： transient friction transient flow unsteady channel flow

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