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Analysis of Nitrate Sources in Different Rivers Flowing into the Sea Based on Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2025年第3期46卷 1371-1381页

作者： Xin, Zhuo-Hang chang, Peng-Juan Liu, Zhi-Hong Song, chang-Chun Department of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

The nitrogen flux from terrestrial input is the primary source of nitrogen load in estuarine areas，leading to ecological issues，such as coastal eutrophication and hypoxia. Systematically identifying the nitrogen sources from different rivers draining into the sea is a prerequisite for controlling the nitrogen pollution in estuarine areas. Based on the nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of 179 sampling sites across 12 rivers in Liaoning and Hebei Provinces，the nitrate sources of different rivers were systematically identified. Moreover，the stable isotope analysis in the R（SIAR）model was employed to quantitatively calculate the contribution rates of various pollution sources to river nitrate. The results indicated that nitrification was the primary process of nitrate transformation. For all 12 rivers，the contribution rate of animal manure and sewage ranged from 13.9% to 90.1% and that of soil nitrogen ranged from 4.3% to 54.0%. Additionally，for the Liaojiawa River，Xuanhui River，and Nanpai River in Cangzhou City，agricultural fertilizers were observed to have relatively high contribution rates，ranging from 25.2% to 64.4%. Overall，the nitrogen loads in these 12 rivers were highly disturbed by anthropogenic activities and the primary sources of nitrate varied among different rivers. Therefore implementing targeted and differentiated control measures in watershed nitrogen control and management is important. © 2025 Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eutrophication

Burden of mental disorders and risk factors in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2021

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 93-105页

作者： Ya-Xin Xu Xiao-Xuan Niu Wen-chang Jia Jing Wen Xue-Lin cheng Yan Han Ming-Hui Peng Jing Zhou Yao Liu Sun-Fang Jiang Xiao-Pan Li Department of Health Management Centre Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200030China Department of General Practice Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200030China Department of Nutrition Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND The burden of mental disorders(MD)in the Western Pacific Region(WPR)re-mains a critical public health concern,with substantial variations across demogra-phics and *** To analyze the burden of MD in the WPR from 1990 to 2021,along with associated risk factors,to reveal changing trends and emerging *** We used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021,analyzing prevalence,incidence,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)of MD from 1990 to *** methods included age-standardisation and uncertainty analysis to address variations in population structure and data *** Between 1990 and 2021,the prevalence of MD rose from 174.40 million cases[95%uncertainty interval(UI):160.17-189.84]to 234.90 million cases(95%UI:219.04-252.50),with corresponding DALYs increasing from 22.8 million(95%UI:17.22-28.79)to 32.07 million(95%UI:24.50-40.68).During this period,the burden of MD shifted towards older age *** and anxiety disorders were predominant,with females showing higher DALYs for depressive and anxiety disorders,and males more affected by conduct disorders,attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,and autism spectrum ***,New Zealand,and Malaysia reported the highest burdens,whereas Vietnam,China,and Brunei Darussalam reported the ***,childhood sexual abuse and bullying,and intimate partner violence emerged as significant risk *** This study highlights the significant burden of MD in the WPR,with variations by age,gender,and *** coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exacerbated the situation,emphasizing the need for a coordinated response.

关键词： Mental disorders Western pacific region Global Burden of Disease Risk factors Disability-adjusted life years

分时电价背景下电动车配送-充电/放电路径规划

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控制与决策 2025年第3期40卷 794-802页

作者：刘长石李君宇易鲲翔范黎骏万城湖南工商大学工商管理学院湖南工商大学智能工程与智能制造学院东北大学信息科学与工程学院

分时电价政策与车辆到电网(V2G)技术能够平衡电网负载、增强电网削峰填谷能力,是物流业降本增利的新途径.为探讨分时电价政策与V2G技术对物流配送路径规划的影响,综合考虑客户需求、电动车行驶速度、能耗以及充/放电策略等因素,以总配... 详细信息

分时电价政策与车辆到电网(V2G)技术能够平衡电网负载、增强电网削峰填谷能力,是物流业降本增利的新途径.为探讨分时电价政策与V2G技术对物流配送路径规划的影响,综合考虑客户需求、电动车行驶速度、能耗以及充/放电策略等因素,以总配送成本最小、放电利润最大为目标,建立电动车配送-充电/放电路径规划的多目标混合整数规划模型,并根据模型特性设计改进非支配排序遗传算法求解.采用多类型算例开展实验,结果表明:在较短时间内科学规划分时电价背景下的电动车配送-充电/放电路径,不但能有效降低总配送成本、提高放电利润,而且能助力电网平稳运行,为广大电能用户营造良好的用电环境,实现物流企业、电力公司与电能用户三方互利共赢.

关键词：分时电价车辆到电网技术充/放电策略电动车路径问题多目标优化改进非支配排序遗传算法

Distinct MLT asymmetry of auroral kilometric radiation observed by the FAST satellite

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 188-193页

作者： JiaWen Tang Sai Zhang FuLiang Xiao HongMing Yang Si Liu YiHua He chang Yang YuYue Jin ZhouKun Deng Ping Li Archie James Johnston School of Physics and Electronic Sciences Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Hunan Province Higher Education Key Laboratory of Modeling and Monitoring on the Near-Earth Electromagnetic Environments Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is a common radio emission,which can contribute to the magnetosphere-ionosphereatmosphere co u *** emissions have been observed in all magnetic planet magnetospheres of the solar *** this study,using observations from the FAST satellite from 30 August 1996 to 9 September 2001,the distribution of AKR in altitude=500-4500 km and invariant latitude (|ILAT|)=60°-80°has been analyzed.63045 AKR samples have been identified with~48%(52%) samples on the dayside (nightside).Of considerable interest,there is a distinct MLT asymmetry with the high occurrence rate in MLT=05-08 and 18-22(02-05 and 12-17) in the northern (southern) *** distinct MLT asymmetry is associated with the direction of Bxof the interplaneta ry magnetic *** addition,the occurrence rate on the nightside clearly increases as the AE^(*) index *** study further enriches the information and understanding of AKR in the magnetosphere as well as other similar radio emissions.

关键词： asymmetry auroral kilometric radiation interplanetary magnetic field

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优良抗逆性能高蛋白酵母菌的筛选及特性研究

粮油食品科技 2025年第1期33卷 192-199页

作者：邓娟丽孙长坡赵一凡李天天尹鹏河南工业大学粮油食品学院河南郑州450001 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮油加工研究所北京100037 国家粮食和物资储备局标准质量中心北京100834

我国蛋白质资源紧缺,影响饲料业和畜牧业发展,而酵母蛋白营养丰富、开发潜力强。为了筛选抗逆性能优良的高蛋白酵母菌株,实验以发面、牛瘤胃食糜、玉米浆等为筛菌对象,通过压力(pH为3.5)筛选、分离、鉴定得到不同酵母菌株,通过分析菌株... 详细信息

我国蛋白质资源紧缺,影响饲料业和畜牧业发展,而酵母蛋白营养丰富、开发潜力强。为了筛选抗逆性能优良的高蛋白酵母菌株,实验以发面、牛瘤胃食糜、玉米浆等为筛菌对象,通过压力(pH为3.5)筛选、分离、鉴定得到不同酵母菌株,通过分析菌株的生长性能、菌体蛋白含量和风味确定了1株可用于酵母蛋白的潜力菌株。结果表明:从不同样品中筛选得到20株耐酸性酵母菌,鉴定出8个菌属酵母:酿酒酵母菌、毕赤酵母菌、马克斯克鲁维酵母菌、解脂耶氏酵母、热带假丝酵母、Starmerella bacillaris、鲁氏接合酵母和有孢汉逊酵母;在pH为3.5和7.0的摇瓶培养条件下,通过分析其生物量及菌体蛋白产量确定了两株性能较优的菌株,分别是毕赤酵母菌株B-1和解脂耶氏酵母菌株D-1;进一步通过风味分析,发现菌体B-1呈味核苷酸和谷氨酸含量均高于菌体D-1,且具有较高含量的酯类化合物。因此,确定B-1菌株作为潜力菌株并研究了B-1菌株的生长特征及抗逆性能,在pH≥2.0、温度≤40℃、盐(NaCl计)浓度(w/v)≤70 g/L的条件下均能较好生长。

关键词：高蛋白酵母菌筛选风味抗逆性能

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Research on the Relationship between Government R&D Subsidies of Different Sub-industries in China’s Pharmaceutical Industry and Enterprises’R&D Investment

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Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy 2025年第1期20卷 47-56页

作者： Wang Xinke chang Senhao Chen Yuwen School of Business Administration Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Research Institute of Drug Regulatory Science Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Objective To empirically analyze the relationship between Government R&D funding and R&D investment of the enterprises in different sub industries of pharmaceutical industry,and to provide reference for the development of policies related to R&D funding *** Granger causality test was performed using the data of relevant indicators in different sub industries of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 1995 to 2019 based on the theory of *** and Conclusion The funding of R&D from the government had a significant positive effect on their R&D funding inputs to enterprises with chemo products,Chinese patent products,and biological *** means the improvement of government funding was beneficial in promoting the R&D investment from various sub industries of pharmaceutical *** order of this influence was biological products,chemo products,and Chinese patent *** to chemical drugs and biological products,the government’s R&D funding and enterprises R&D funding input showed a good trend of mutual promotion in a certain lag *** government can fully leverage its funding to promote the investment of all sub industries of pharmaceutical ***,regulatory mechanisms should be refined for government *** the inheritance,innovation,and development of traditional Chinese medicine,the government should give more policy support than financial support.

关键词： pharmaceutical industry government R&D subsidies enterprise’s R&D investment cointegration theory

Superatomic catalyst for efficient nitric oxide reduction using Al8O3 superatom-oxide framework

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Kaidong Shen Jiuqi Yi chang Xu Qiquan Luo Xiaojun Wu Jinlong Yang Department of Chemistry Anhui University School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) University of Science and Technology of China

For cluster catalysts,reducing their size to single atoms gives rise to precise and high-selective catalytic performance,at the cost of losing some ***,the entirety with atom-like electronic shells and fine-tunable properties as clusters,are promising candidates for cluster ***,we predicted a superatom-assembled two-dimension Al8O3superatom-oxide framework （SOF） using first principles calculation,where the Al8core comprises two 8-electron Al4superatoms and further linked by oxygen atoms in a graphene-like lattice,resulting in porous and stable *** Al8O3-SOF serves as an efficient superatomic catalyst for nitric oxide （NO） reduction reaction,where the Al4superatomic unit acts cohesively as the active site throughout the catalytic process and its superatomic P orbital plays an important role in activating NO ***,the catalytic activity of Al8O3-SOF increases when the two central Al atoms of the Al8core are replaced by Ga atoms,reducing the limiting potential to-0.48 V comparable to that of the reported Pt（100）.Our work proposes a novel series of superatomic catalysts and reveals the superatomic behavior in the catalytic process,providing references for the development of efficient heterogeneous catalysts.

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Velogenic Newcastle disease virus invades chicken brain by infecting brain microvascular endothelial cells to increase blood-brain barrier permeability

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 712-723页

作者： Jie Zhao Sa Xiao Wei Yao Xudong chang Xinglong Wang Zengqi Yang Wenbin Wang poultry Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University People's Government of Guangpu Town

The blood-brain barrier(BBB) keeps poisons and infections out of the brain. Some viruses can pass through this barrier and replicate in the central nervous system(CNS). Velogenic Newcastle disease virus(VNDV) is a neurotropic virus that causes avian nonsuppurative encephalitis. VNDV often develops into a chronic infection that seriously affects poultry health in partially immune birds. The routes by which the virus enters the chicken brain are poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that VNDV increased BBB permeability in vivo and in vitro by breaking the tight junction protein zona occludens-1(ZO-1) continuity of chicken brain microvascular endothelial cells(chBMECs). By investigating the susceptibility of chBMECs to NDV infection, we found that VNDV but not lentogenic NDV was detected in the basolateral compartment in transwell assays after apical infection, suggesting that efficient replication and transcellular transport of the virus across the BBB in vitro. Furthermore, viral replication and BBB permeability were reduced during the early stage of infection by using the dynamin inhibitor dynasore. Our data demonstrate that VNDV invades the chicken brain by infecting and damaging the tight junction of chBMECs directly to increase BBB permeability. VNDV could infect chBMECs via endocytosis. As a result, our findings provide compelling evidence for VNDV entrance into the brain via the BBB, paving the way for the development of medications for NDV prevention and therapy.

关键词： velogenic Newcastle disease virus blood-brain barrier permeability chicken brain microvascular endothelial cells

Extended protective effects of three dimensional cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells in a neuroinflammation model

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2025年第1期17卷 53-65页

作者： Ok-Hyeon Kim Hana Kang Eun Seo chang Younghyun Lim Young-Jin Seo Hyun Jung Lee Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of MedicineChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974South Korea Department of Global Innovative Drugs Graduate School of Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974South Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974South Korea

BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)possess regenerative potential due to pluripotency and paracrine ***,their stemness and immunomod-ulatory capabilities are sub-optimal in conventional two-dimensional(2D)*** To enhance the efficiency and therapeutic efficacy of MSCs,an in vivo-like 3D culture condition was *** MSCs were cultured on polystyrene(2D)or in a gellan gum-based 3D *** vitro,prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2,indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase,heme oxygenase 1,and prostaglandin E synthase gene expression was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain *** were incubated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated mouse splenocytes,and prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were measured by enzyme linked immuno-sorbent *** vivo,LPS was injected into the lateral ventricle of mouse brain,and MSCs were administered intravenously the next *** were sacrificed and analyzed on days 2 and *** Gellan gum polymer-based 3D culture significantly increased expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and Nanog homeobox stemness markers in human MSCs compared to 2D *** 3D environment also heightened expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and heme-oxygenase 1,enzymes known for immunomodulatory functions,including production of prostaglandins and heme degradation,*** in 3D culture secreted more prostaglandin E2 and effectively suppressed tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from LPS-stimulated splenocytes and surpassed the efficiency of MSCs cultured in *** a murine neuroinflammation model,intravenous injection of 3D-cultured MSCs significantly reduced ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression,mitigating chronic inflammation more effectively than 2D-cultured *** The microenvironment established in 3D culture serves as an in vivo mimetic,enhancing the immunomodulatory function of *** sugge

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Three-dimensional culture Immunomodulatory function Neuroinflammation Cell therapy