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Gut hormones, and short bowel syndrome: The enigmatic role of glucagon-like peptide-2 in the regulation of intestinal adaptation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第26期12卷 4117-4129页

作者： GR Martin pl beck DL Sigalet University of Calgary Gastrointestinal Research Group CalgaryAlberta T2N 4N1Canada

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) refers to the malabsorption of nutrients, water, and essential vitamins as a result of disease or surgical removal of parts of the small intestine. The most common reasons for removing part of the small intestine are due to surgical intervention for the treatment of either Crohn's disease or necrotizing enterocolitis. Intestinal adaptation following resection may take weeks to months to be achieved, thus nutritional support requires a variety of therapeutic measures, which include parenterai nutrition. Improper nutrition management can leave the SBS patient malnourished and/or dehydrated, which can be life threatening. The development of therapeutic strategies that reduce both the complications and medical costs associated with SBS/long-term parenterai nutrition while enhancing the intestinal adaptive response would be valuable. Currently, therapeutic options available for the treatment of SBS are limited. There are many potential stimulators of intestinal adaptation including peptide hormones, growth factors, and neuronally-derived components. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is one potential treatment for gastrointestinal disorders associated with insufficient mucosal function. A significant body of evidence demonstrates that GLP-2 is a trophic hormone that plays an important role in controlling intestinal adaptation. Recent data from clinical trials demonstrate that GLP-2 is safe, well-tolerated, and promotes intestinal growth in SBS patients. However, the mechanism of action and the localization of the glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP-2R) remains an enigma. This review summarizes the role of a number of mucosal-derived factors that might be involved with intestinal adaptation processes; however, this discussion primarily examines the physiology, mechanism of action, and utility of GLP-2 in the regulation of intestinal mucosal growth.

关键词：肠激素胰高血糖素样缩氨酸-2 肠疾病治疗

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Hematopoietic cell transplantation for Crohn’s disease;is it time?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6665-6673页

作者： Y Leung M Geddes J Storek R Panaccione pl beck Gastrointestinal Mucosal Inflammation and Immunology Research Groups.Department of MedicineUniversity of Calgary CalgaryAlbertaCanada

AIM: To review all studies in the literature that have assessed Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and Crohn’s disease (CD) with the ultimate aims of determining if this is a viable treatment option for those with CD. A secondary aim was to review the above literature and determine if the studies shed further light on the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CD. METHODS: An extensive Medline search was performed on all articles from 1970 to 2005 using the ; bone marrow transplant, stem cell, hematopoietic cell, Crohn’s disease and inflammatory bowel disease. RESULTS: We identified one case in which a patient developed CD following an allogeneic HCT from a sibling suffering with CD. Evidence for transfer of the genetic predisposition to develop CD was also identified with report of a patient that developed severe CD following an allogeneic HCT. Following HCT it was found that the donor (that had no signs or symptoms of CD) and the recipient had several haplotype mismatches in HLA class Ⅲ genes in the IBD3 locus including a polymorphism of NOD2/CARD15 that has been associated with CD. Thirty three published cases of patients with CD who underwent either autologous or allogeneic HCT were identified. At the time of publication 29 of these 33 patients were considered to be in remission. The median follow-up time was seven years, and twenty months for allogeneic and autologous HCT *** patients who underwent HCT primarily for treatment of their CD there have been no mortalities related to transplant complications. CONCLUSION: Overall these preliminary data suggest that both allogeneic and autologous HCT may be effective in inducing remission in refractory CD. Thissupports the hypothesis that the hematolymphatic cells play a key role in CD and that resetting of the immune system may be a critical approach in the management or cure of CD.

关键词：造血细胞结肠疾病骨髓移植病理

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Foam rolling and stretching do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any other warm-up intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 509-520页

作者： Konstantin Warneke Gerit plöschberger Lars H.Lohmann Eric Lichtenstein Daniel Jochum Stanislav D.Siegel Astrid Zech David G.Behm Institute of Sport Science University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Wörthersee 9020Austria Department of Human Motion Science and Exercise Physiology Friedrich Schiller UniversityJena 07749Germany Department Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.JohnsNL A1C 5S7Canada

Background:Acute improvement in range of motion(ROM)is a widely reported effect of stretching and foam rolling,which is commonly explained by changes in pain threshold and/or musculotendinous ***,these effects were also reported in response to various other active and passive interventions that induce responses such as enhanced muscle ***,we hypothesized that acute ROM enhancements could be induced by a wide variety of interventions other than stretching or foam rolling that promote an increase in muscle ***:After a systematic search in PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus databases,38 studies comparing the effects of stretching and foam rolling with several other interventions on ROM and passive properties were *** studies had 1134 participants in total,and the data analysis resulted in 140 effect sizes(ESs).ES calculations were performed using robust variance estimation model with ***:Study quality of the included studies was classified as fair(PEDro score=4.58)with low to moderate certainty of *** showed no significant differences in ROM(ES=0.01,p=0.88),stiffness(ES=0.09,p=0.67),or passive peak torque(ES=-0.30,p=0.14)between stretching or foam rolling and the other identified *** plots revealed no publication ***:Based on current literature,our results challenge the established view on stretching and foam rolling as a recommended component of warm-up *** lack of significant difference between interventions suggests there is no need to emphasize stretching or foam rolling to induce acute ROM,passive peak torque increases,or stiffness reductions.

关键词： Range of motion Passive properties Muscletendon unit Muscle tissue

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A Registry-Based Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in Hong Kong,China

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： Hillary HY Leung Teresa WL Ma Florrie NY Yu Meliza CW Kong Tsz Kin Lo Pauline pl So Wing-Cheong Leung Wendy Shu Ka Wang Cheung Sakita Moungmaithong Chi Chiu Wang Liona C.Poon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of HongKongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Princess Margaret HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Tuen Mun HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kwong Wah HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong 999077China

Objective:To report the clinical maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),along with any associated pregnancy complications,in Hong Kong,China,and to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on these ***:This prospective registry-based observational study included pregnant women who were recruited through convenient sampling and had a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with a cycle threshold(Ct)value result available on admission to eight local hospitals in Hong Kong,*** on clinical symptoms,laboratory results,medical treatments,delivery timing and mode,and pregnancy complications were extracted from the Hospital Authority’s electronic medical record ***,fetal,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between unvaccinated pregnant women with COVID-19 and those who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before *** continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Pearson’s chi-squared test respectively.A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***:A total of 164 pregnant women were included,of whom 78(47.56%)were ***-19 was diagnosed before 28 weeks’gestation in 30(18.29%),while 134(81.71%)were diagnosed at or after 28 weeks’***-two(37.80%)women received at least one dose of COVID-19 *** were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in the time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and delivery,the Ct value,and the gestational age at infection onset or delivery(P>0.05).The majority of women were symptomatic at diagnosis regardless of vaccination status 55(88.71%)in vaccinated group vs.78(76.47%)in unvaccinated group(P=0.052).Symptoms did not significantly differ between groups except for cough(62.90%vs.47.06%,P=0.049).The overall rate of severe COVID-19 in pregnant women was *** t

关键词： COVID-19 Maternal outcomes Fetal outcomes Pregnancy complications Severe COVID-19

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肾髓质过表达鞘氨醇1-磷酸受体1转基因可减轻醋酸脱氧皮质酮-盐诱导的高血压

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中华高血压杂志(中英文) 2024年第8期 800-800页

作者： Hu G Xie DP Chen C Wang WL Li pl Ritter JK Li NJ 袁源练桂丽

前期研究表明,肾髓质鞘氨醇1-磷酸受体1(sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1,S1PR1)介导钠排泄,高盐摄入可增加S1PR1水平,醋酸脱氧皮质酮(deoxycorticosterone acetate,DOCA)可阻断高盐诱导的肾髓质S1PR1,在集合管中敲除S1PR1可加重DOCA盐诱导的高血压。该研究验证在肾髓质中过表达S1PR1基因是否可减轻DOCA-盐小鼠模型的钠潴留和高血压。方法:给雄性C57BL/6J小鼠肾髓质转染对照或表达S1PR1的质粒后予DOCA-盐处理。

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Influence of Na_(2)SiO_(3)/NaOH Ratio on Calcined Magnesium Silicate Based Geopolymer——Experimental and Predictive Study

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2023年第5期38卷 1077-1085页

作者： Premkumar R Ramesh Babu Chokkalingam Meyyappan pl Shanmugasundaram M Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Krishnan KoilTamil Nadu626126 India Vellore Institute of Technology-Chennai Tamilnadu600127 India

This study aims to investigate the behavior of alkali activated mortar,which is made of naturally available magnesium silicate as source *** magnesium silicate,ultrafine natural steatite powder(UFNSP)is used as the primary source of binder,and the activation is initiated through the alkali liquid which is proportioned in various combinations of silicate to hydroxide ratio(Na_(2)SiO_(3)/Na OH)ratio,and this ratio in this study varies from 1 to *** UFNSP is calcined at two difierent temperatures,700 and 1000℃.The mortar mix is proportioned as 1:3 between powder and the fine aggregate,and the mortar is prepared with hydroxide molarity(M)of 10 *** mortar is cured for 48 hours at 60℃and the compressive strength was *** the mix were studied for its microstructural behavior along with compressive *** mix proportion of the mortar,and the results obtained through microstructural characterization were combinedly formed as input for artificial neural network(ANN)predictive *** model is designed to predict the compressive strength,which is trained through Bayesian regularization algorithm with varying hidden neurons of 7 to *** experimental and predictive study shows that the strength is influenced by both Na_(2)SiO_(3)/Na OH ratio and calcination *** the ANN is influenced by mainly calcination temperature and uncorrelation occurs in selected samples of 1000℃calcined UFNSP mix.

关键词： magnesium silicate silicate alkali activation geopolymer UFNSP prediction

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Modernist heritage and memory politics in Spain:shifting values for the adaptive reuse of Seville’s former police headquarters

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Built Heritage 2023年第4期7卷 55-68页

作者： plácido González Martínez School of Architecture University of SevilleAvda.Reina Mercedes 241012SevilleSpain College of Architecture and Urban planning Tongji University1239 Siping RoadShanghai200092China

The political significance of modernist heritage architecture continues to be an unsolved question,particularly its identification and *** Spain,the chronology of modernism stretches through the whole of the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s *** passing of legislation on memory politics in Spain(*** 2007 Law of Historical Memory and the 2022 Law of Democratic Memory)offers a unique opportunity to address this unsolved question by discussing two uncharted heritage debates:namely,the motivations for the heritagisation of modernist architecture in Spain and the challenges in the adaptive reuse of modernist buildings with controversial *** former police headquarters in Seville exemplifies the complexities of both debates and to what extent conflicting views about heritage architecture may determine debates about its *** a documentary review of the heritagisation of Seville’s former police headquarters,a discourse analysis of intervention proposals and press articles and interviews with relevant stakeholders,this study explored how the rise of memory politics in Spain has changed the interpretation of the former police headquarters’significance in the last two decades and influenced the choices for its adaptive reuse.

关键词： Heritagisation Modernism 20th century heritage Memory politics Dark heritage Adaptive reuse

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Fever without a source in children:international comparison of guidelines

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第2期19卷 120-128页

作者： Sanne Graaf Maya Wietske Keuning Dasja Pajkrt Frans Berend plötz Department of Pediatrics Tergooi HospitalRijksstraatweg 11261 ANBlaricumThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Amsterdam University Medical CentersLocation Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Amsterdam University Medical CentersLocation Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background Fever without a source(FWS)in children poses a diagnostic *** distinguish a self-limiting infection from a serious infection,multiple guidelines have been developed to aid physicians in the management of ***,there is no comparison of existing FWS *** This comparative review describes consistencies and differences in guideline definitions and diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations.A literature search was performed to include secondary care FWS guidelines of high-income countries,composed by national or regional pediatric or emergency care associations,available in English or *** Ten guidelines of five high-income countries were included,with varying age ranges of children with *** children younger than one month with FWS,the majority of the guidelines recommended laboratory testing,blood and urine culturing and antibiotic treatment irrespective of the clinical condition of the *** for blood culture and antibiotic treatment varied for children aged 1–3 *** children aged above three months,urine culture recommendations were inconsistent,while all guidelines consistently recommended cerebral spinal fluid testing and antibiotic treatment exclusively for children with a high risk of serious *** We found these guidelines broadly consistent,especially for children with FWS younger than one *** variation was seen most in the targeted age ranges and in recommendations for children aged 1–3 months and above three months of *** findings of the current study can assist in harmonizing guideline development and future research for the management of children with FWS.

关键词： Children Fever Guideline

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“下一站:遗产”——城市历史景观方法下作为遗产体系的都市地下交通系统

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建筑遗产 2024年第1期 25-33页

作者： [西]普拉西多·冈萨雷斯·马提内斯徐瑞彤(译) 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院上海200092 西班牙塞维利亚大学塞维利亚41012 不详

地铁站以及都市地下交通系统中的艺术、文化和媒体设施的设计,仍属于以技术为主导的研究领域。目前,地铁站设计与联合国教科文组织提倡的城市历史景观方法之间的联系日益紧密,但尚缺与之相关的深入的批判性研究。对此,文章详细介绍了名... 详细信息

地铁站以及都市地下交通系统中的艺术、文化和媒体设施的设计,仍属于以技术为主导的研究领域。目前,地铁站设计与联合国教科文组织提倡的城市历史景观方法之间的联系日益紧密,但尚缺与之相关的深入的批判性研究。对此,文章详细介绍了名为“下一站:遗产”的研究项目,该项目聚焦于地铁基础设施,以文化遗产话语为中心,通过深入研究和分析地铁基础设施的规划、设计和后续使用,剖析其对城市的生活和再现方式的影响。文章指出,都市地下交通系统作为遗产体系具有高度的复杂性,不仅与考古学领域存在争议性关系,还对城市形象的塑造起着决定性作用;同时,地铁站设计对城市历史景观研究和旅游业存在影响,与绅士化等社会经济进程也有关联。

关键词：城市历史景观方法地铁遗产化地铁美化基础设施规划基础设施设计

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Liver dysfunction during COVID-19 pandemic:Contributing role of associated factors in disease progression and severity

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1099-1110页

作者： Tarun Sahu Babita Pande Manasa pl Henu Kumar Verma Department of Physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesRaipur 492001ChhattisgarhIndia Center for Basic Sciences Pt.Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur 492001ChhattisgarhIndia Department of Immunopathology Institute of Lungs Health and ImmunityMunich 85764BavariaGermany

In December 2019,a new strain of coronavirus was discovered in China,and the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic in March *** majority of people with coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)exhibit no or only mild symptoms such as fever,cough,anosmia,and ***,approximately 15%develop a severe lung infection over the course of 10 d,resulting in respiratory failure,which can lead to multi-organ failure,coagulopathy,and *** the beginning of the pandemic,it appears that there has been consideration that preexisting chronic liver disease may predispose to deprived consequences in conjunction with ***,extensive liver damage has been linked to immune dysfunction and coagulopathy,which leads to a more severe COVID-19 *** that,people with COVID-19 frequently have abnormal liver function,with more significant elevations in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in patients with severe COVID-19 compared to those with mild/moderate *** review focuses on the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection in the liver,as well as the use of liver chemistry as a prognostic tool during *** also evaluate the findings for viral infection of hepatocytes,and look into the potential mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2-related liver damage.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Liver function Hepatic injury Viral infection

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