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Effect of double-balloon enteroscopy on pancreas:An experimental porcine model

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第37期18卷 5181-5187页

作者： Rafael latorre Federico Soria Octavio lópez-Albors Ricardo Sarriá Francisco Sánchez-Margallo pilar Esteban Fernando Carballo Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology University of MurciaCampus de Espinardo Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center 10071 CáceresSpain Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center Digestive Service Morales Meseguer Hospital Digestive Service Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital

AIM： To evaluate the effect of double-balloon enteros- copy （DBE） on pancreas histology and levels of pancre- atic enzymes. METHODS： Conventional upper gastrointestinal endos- copy was performed on five control pigs. Oral DBE was performed with an EN-450T5 enteroscope on 20 pigs. Two experimental groups （10 pigs each） were defined according to DBE duration： 90 rain for Group 1 and 140 min for Group 2. During oral insertion, the balloons were not inflated in the descending part of the duodenum to avoid the minor duodenal papilla. Serum amy- lase, lipase and C-reactive protein （CRP） levels were monitored before the procedure and repeated every 30 min until the exploration was finished, as well as 24 h and 7 d after. After the procedure and for a total of 7 d, the pigs were observed twice a day for signs of de- creased activity, irritability, vomiting or anorexia. Gross and microscopic examination of the pancreas was per- formed on day 7. RESUlTS： All animals tolerated DBE without clini- cal manifestations of acute pancreatitis. Experimental groups had higher levels of enzymes than the control group at 24 h. Throughout the exploration, the amylase levels increased significantly above the baseline 24 h after DBE, although the increase was not statistically significant and did not reach 20% of the baseline. An increase in lipase and CRP was observed at 24 h after the procedure, although by day 7, all enzymatic lev- els had returned to baseline. No differences between Groups 1 and 2 were found for any enzyme and sam- pling site during and after the procedure. Similarly, no correlation between insertion depth and enzyme levels was observed. Direct in situ and post-removal inspec- tion of the pancreas did not show any evidence of fluid collection, abscesses or hemorrhage. Histological examination of the pancreas from Groups 1 and 2 re- vealed the existence of focal areas （0.14-0.26 mm2） of ischemic necrosis in 47.4% of the animals. In the pigs with damaged pancreas, the lef

关键词： Endoscopy Pancreatitis Double-balloon en-teroscopy Experimental study Pig model

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Novel human immunomodulatory T cell receptors and their double-edged potential in autoimmunity,cardiovascular disease and cancer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 919-935页

作者： pilar Martin Rafael Blanco-Dom fnguez Raquel Sanchez-Diaz Vascular Pathophysiology Area Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares(CNIC)MadridSpain CIBERCV MadridSpain

In the last decade,approaches based on T cells and their immunomodulatory receptors have emerged as a solid improvement in treatments for various types of ***,the roles of these molecules in the therapeutic context of autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases are still relatively ***,we review the best known and most com m only used immunomodulatory T cell receptors in clinical practice(PD-1 and CTlA-4),along with the rest of the receptors with known functions in animal models,which have great potential as modulators in human pathologies in the medium *** ong these other receptors is the receptor CD69,which has recently been described to be expressed in mouse and human T cells in autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases and ***,inhibition of these receptors individually or in combination by drugs or monoclonal antibodies generates a loss of immunological tolerance and can trigger multiple autoimmune disorders in different organs and immune-related adverse *** the coming decades,knowledge on the functions of different immunomodulatory receptors will be pivotal for the development of new and better therapies with less harmful side *** this review,we discuss the roles of these receptors in the control of immunity from a perspective focused on therapeutic potential in not only cancer but also autoimmune diseases,such as systemic lupus erythematosus,autoimmune diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis,and cardiovascular diseases,such as atherosclerosis,acute myocardial infarction,and myocarditis.

关键词： Immunomodulatory receptors Autoimmune diseases T cells Immunotherapy

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On Second Order Degree of Graphs

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第1期28卷 171-182页

作者： Gabriela ARAUJO-PARDO Camino BAlBUENA Mika OlSEN pilar VAlENCIA Instituto de Matemáticas rea de la Investigación CientíficaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MxicoCircuito ExteriorCiudad UniversitariaCoyoacan04510 MxicoD.F.Mxico Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada III Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaC/Jordi Girona 1-3(Edifici C2Despatx 302)08034-BarcelonaSpain Departamento de Matemáticas Aplicadas y Sistemas Universidad Autónoma MetropolitanaCalle Artificios 402o pisoCol.Hidalgo Delegación lvaro Obregón01120 Mxico D.F.Mxico

Given a vertex v of a graph G the second order degree of v denoted as d2（v） is defined as the number of vertices at distance 2 from v. In this paper we address the following question： What axe the sufficient conditions for a graph to have a vertex v such that d2（v） ≥ d（v）, where d（v） denotes the degree of v？ Among other results, every graph of minimum degree exactly 2, except four graphs, is shown to have a vertex of second order degree as large as its own degree. Moreover, every K4^--free graph or every maximal planar graph is shown to have a vertex v such that d2（v） ≥ d（v）. Other sufficient conditions on graphs for guaranteeing this property axe also proved.

关键词： Second order degree K4^-free graph planar graphs

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Gemcitabine-induced haemolytic uremic syndrome,although infrequent,can it be prevented:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第12期6卷 531-537页

作者： Esther U Cidon pilar A Martinez Tamas Hickish Department of Medical Oncology Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Department of Oncology Clinical University HospitalValladolid Department of Medical Oncology Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Bournemouth University

Gemcitabine is an antineoplastic used to treat several malignancies including pancreatic cancer. Its toxicity profile is well known with myelotoxicity, increased vascular permeability and peripheral oedema as most frequent adverse events. However, several cases of acute renal failure have been reported and haemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS) seems to be the underlying process. The cause of HUS remains unknown but its consequences can be lethal. Therefore, a high grade of suspicion is crucial to diagnose it and promptly treat it. This hopefully will reduce its morbidity. HUS is characterized by progressive renal failure associated with microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia. The primary event is damage to endothelial cells and thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA) is the histopathological lesion. TMA affects mainly renal microvasculature. However, some cases evolve with central nervous or cardiovascular systems involvement. We present here a case of gemcitabine-induced HUS, with renal and cardiovascular system affected at the time of diagnosis which to our knowledge this is the first time of such case to be reported.

关键词： Thrombocytopenia Haemolytic uremic syndrome Thrombotic microangiopathy Gemcitabine Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia

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Effect of asphalt thin beams mixed with three nominal maximum aggregate sizes in the bending beam rheometer on the prediction of thermal properties of bituminous material

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 1-7页

作者： Chun-Hsing HO Maria Francisca Martinez GONZAlEZ Cristina pilar Martin lINARES Department of Civil Engineering Construction Management and Environmental Engineering Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaff Arizona 86001 USA

The objective of this research is to evaluate an impact of asphalt mixture beams with varying sizes of aggregate in the Bending Beam Rheometer （BBR） for testing/predicting thermal cracking properties of asphalt pavements. The BBR test has following benefits： the equipment is cheaper, it uses smaller specimens, faster conditioning, easier availability for quality control, easier to manage, etc. However some concerns have been raised： some consider that the size of the aggregate may affect the test＇s results; the other concern is that such small beams cannot represent the whole properties of the asphalt pavement. To address these criticisms, imaging techniques, statistical analysis, and viscoelastic modeling are used. Asphalt thin beams prepared with three different nominal maximum aggregate size （NMAS）（12.5mm, 9.5 mm, and 4.75 mm） were tested at three different temperatures （-18℃, -24℃, and -30℃）. Based on results from statistical analyses and viscoelasticity, the ratio of asphalt binders and voids and stiffness differences among the three NMAS specimens are not significant, meaning that the impact of asphalt thin beams prepared with the three NMAS on the prediction of thermal cracking is minimal and can be neglected.

关键词： bending beam rheometer thin beams thermal cracking

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Complexation of Eugenol(EG),as Main Component of Clove Oil and as Pure Compound,withβ-and HP-β-CDs

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 716-723页

作者： pilar Hernández-Sánchez Santiago lópez-Miranda Carmen lucas-Abellán Estrella Núnez-Delicado Departament of Food Technology and Nutrition Catholic University of San AntonioMurciaSpain.

Eugenol, both in its pure form (EG) and included in essential clove oil (CO) was successfully solubilized in aqueous solution by forming inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) and its modified hydroxy-propyl-β-CDs (HP-β-CDs). To investigate the molecular association between β-CDs/HP-β-CDs with pure EG and essential CO, phase solubility studies were undertaken. Essential CO formed insoluble complexes with β-CDs, but not with HP-β-CDs. The work clearly demonstrates complexes formation follow an order higher than 1:1 when high essential CO and β-CDs concentrations were used, however it was 1:1 in the case of essential CO-HP-β-CDs complexes. When pure EG was studied the results indicated that EG could form 1:1 inclusion complexes with β-CDs and HP-β-CDs. Based on the studies, the Kc values for pure EG were 4555 ± 225 M-1 and 10,633 ± 614 M-1 for β-CDs and HP-β-CDs, respectively, and 2005 ± 199 M-1 for essential CO-HP-β-CDs. These finding indicate that CDs are suitable for encapsulating EG.

关键词： Eugenol Essential Clove Oil β-CDs HP-β-CDs

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Influence of gut microbiota on neuropsychiatric disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第30期23卷 5486-5498页

作者： María Carmen Cenit Yolanda Sanz pilar Codoner-Franch Nutrition and Health Research Group Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology National Research Council (IATA-CSIC) Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Valencia Department of Pediatrics Dr. Peset University Hospital

The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut microbiota is currently viewed as a key regulator of a fluent bidirectional dialogue between the gut and the brain(gut-brain axis). A number of preclinical studies have suggested that the microbiota and its genome(microbiome) may play a key role in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, alterations in the gut microbiota composition in humans have also been linked to a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, autism and Parkinson's disease. However, it is not yet clear whether these changes in the microbiome are causally related to such diseases or are secondary effects thereof. In this respect, recent studies in animals have indicated that gut microbiota transplantation can transfer a behavioral phenotype, suggesting that the gut microbiota may be a modifiable factor modulating the development or pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric conditions. Further studies are warranted to establish whether or not the findings of preclinical animal experiments can be generalized to humans. Moreover, although different communication routes between the microbiota and brain have been identified, further studies must elucidate all the underlying mechanisms involved. Such research is expected to contribute to the design of strategies to modulate the gut microbiota and its functions with a view to improving mental health, and thus provide opportunities to improve the management of psychiatric diseases. Here, we review the evidence supporting a role of the gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders and the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying its contribution to mental illness and health. We also consider the stages of life where the gut microbiota is more susceptible to the effects of environmental stressors, and the

关键词： Microbiota Microbiome Dysbiosis Brain-gut axis Mental health Psychiatric conditions

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Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in wild and farmed Chilean salmon and preliminary flow data for commercial transport

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 221-227页

作者： Monica Montory Evelyn Habit pilar Fernandez Joan O.Grimalt Ricardo Barra Aquatic Systems Research Unit EULA-Chile Environmental Sciences CentreUniversity of Concepción Center for Ecosystems Research in Patagonia(CIEP) Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research(IDAEA)

This pilot study documented the occurrence and levels of brominated flame retardants in the tissues of farmed and wild salmon in southern *** of Coho salmon and rainbow trout were obtained from fish farms,rivers and lakes in the Patagonia in Aysen Region,*** samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Negative Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the different polybrominated diphenyl ether（PBDE） *** were observed in all the samples,and the congeners BDE 17,28,47 and 66 were observed in all both farmed and wild *** concentrations were higher in the farmed Coho salmon,presenting significant differences with wild *** levels reached 182 pg/g wet weight（ww） vs.120 *** the case of the rainbow trout,the concentrations were lower,although the congener profile was quite *** levels reached an average of 100 pg/g ww in the farmed fish versus 110 pg/g ww in wild fish,and no significant difference was observed between the *** both species,the congener with the highest concentration was BDE *** on this information,the BDE ？ow was estimated for commerce,which is a form of pollutant transport not usually considered in POP pollution studies.A preliminary estimation indicated that the quantity of PBDEs mobilized by commerce was in the order of kg,and in the case of Chile might reach almost 1 kg.

关键词： Polybrominated diphenyl ethers farmed Salmon Chile POPs Patagonia

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Computer-assisted sperm morphometry fluorescence-based analysis has potential to determine progeny sex

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 858-862页

作者： pilar Santolaria Alfredo Pauciullo Miguel A Silvestre Sandra Vicente-Fiel leyre Villanova Alain Pinton Juan Viruel Ester Sales Jesus l Yaniz TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte SIN 22071 Huesca Spain Department of Agriculture Forest and Food Sciences University of Torino Largo Paolo Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology University of Valencia 469100 Burjassot Valencia Spain UMR 1388 INRA-ENVT INPT Animal Cytogenetis GenPhySE National veterinary school of Toulouse 23 Chemin des Capelles 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3 France Mediterranean Institute of marine and terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE) University of Aix Marseille Chemin de la Batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille France TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca Spain

This study was designed to determine the ability of computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis （CASA-Morph） with fluorescence to discriminate between spermatozoa carrying different sex chromosomes from the nuclear morphometrics generated and different statistical procedures in the bovine species. The study was divided into two experiments. The first was to study the morphometric differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa （SX and SY, respectively）. Spermatozoa from eight bulls were processed to assess simultaneously the sex chromosome by FISH and sperm morphometry by fluorescence-based CASA-Morph. SX cells were larger than SY cells on average （P 〈 0.001） although with important differences between bulls. A simultaneous evaluation of all the measured features by discriminant analysis revealed that nuclear area and average fluorescence intensity were the variables selected by stepwise discriminant function analysis as the best discriminators between SX and SY. In the second experiment, the sperm nuclear morphometric results from CASA-Morph in nonsexed （mixed SX and SY） and sexed （SX） semen samples from four bulls were compared. FISH allowed a successful classification of spermatozoa according to their sex chromosome content. X-sexed spermatozoa displayed a larger size and fluorescence intensity than nonsexed spermatozoa （P 〈 0.05）. We conclude that the CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method has the potential to find differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in bovine species although more studies are needed to increase the precision of sex determination by this technique.

关键词： bull computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis sexing sperm morphometry

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Compatibility of early natural enemy introductions in commercial pepper and tomato greenhouses with repeated pesticide applications

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1111-1124页

作者： Beatriz Dader Ignacio Colomer Angeles Adan pilar Medina Elisa Vinuela Unidad de Proteccion de Cultivos Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de Biosistemas(ETSIAAB)Universidad Polit^cnica de Madrid(UPM)MadridSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Rural Escuela Superior de IngenieriaUniversidad de AlmeriaAlmeriaSpain

Successful integrated pest management in protected crops implies an evalu-ation of the compatibility of pesticides and natural enemies(NE),as control strategies that only rely on one tactic can fail when pest populations exceed NE activity or pests become resistant to *** in Almeria(Spain),growers release NE prior to transplanting or early in the crop cycle to favor their settlement before pest arrival because this improves biocontrol efficacy,although it extends pesticide exposure *** pur-pose of this research was to evaluate the compatibility of two applications of pesticides with key NE in 2-year trials inside tomato and sweet pepper commercial greenhouses:Nesidiocoris tenuis(Reuter)(Hemiptera:Miridae),Orius laevigatus(Say)(Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)and Amblyseius swirskii(Athias-Henriot)(Acari:Phytoseidac).In tomato,flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole(IOBC category 1)were compatible with ***,but chlorpyrifos.:methyl and spinosad(IOBC categories 2-3),which efectively reduced Tiuta absoluta(Meyrick)(lepidoptera:Gelechidae)density,compromised its predatory *** sweet pepper,chlorantraniliprole(IOBC category 1)was the only pesticide compatible with *** while chlorantraniliprole,emamectin benzoate,spirote-tramat and pymetrozine were harmless(IOBC category 1)to Amblyseius swirskii,and sulfoxaflor slightly harmful(IOBC category 2)to this phytoseiid predator.

关键词： Amblyseius swirskii chemical control Frankliniella occidentalis Nesidiocoris tenuis Orius laevigatus Tuta absoluta

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