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Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry:Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Shu-Biao Wu Pairat Srichana pierre Cozannet pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct INRAE RennesFrance Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited(CPF) BangkokThailand School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia Adisseo France S.A.S. AntonyFrance

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic *** oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE),and fecal,urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME).In the case of ruminants and pigs,the net energy(NE)system,which takes into account the heat increment associated with the metabolic utilization of ME,has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 *** poultry,apparent ME(AME)is used exclusively and NE is not yet used *** present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available knowledge on NE systems for *** prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed;these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 *** equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete *** rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value which then represents the first limiting predictor of NE *** analysis indicates that NE would be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy between feeds is dependent on the energy system with a higher energy value for fat and a lower energy value for protein in an NE *** considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance)systems are *** conclusion,there is sufficient information to allow the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

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An Efficient Bio-inspired Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst:MnO_(x)Nanosheets Incorporated Iron Phthalocyanine Functionalized Graphene

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2021年第3期4卷 474-480页

作者： Xing Wu Yi Cheng Jean-pierre Veder San Ping Jiang Department of Environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China National Engineering Technology Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy-metal Pollution Changsha 410083China John de Laeter Centre Curtin UniversityPerth WA 6102Australia Fuels and Energy Technology Institute Curtin UniversityPerth WA 6102Australia

Oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)catalysts play a critical role in energy storage and conversion devices and have been attracted enormous interests,and however,it remains challenging to develop highly active cheap catalysts in a simple and green *** by the heme-copper oxidases(HOCs),in which the ORR active center is originated from the incorporation of Fe-N_(4)with copper atom,we here developed a fine manganese oxide nanosheets(MnO_(x)NSs)integrated with iron phthalocyanine(FePc)anchored on highly conductive graphene(MnO_(x)/FePc-G)through a green route only involve ethanol as the *** bio-inspired catalyst MnO_(x)/Fe Pc-G demonstrated high ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2))of 0.887 V,about 57 mV more positive than that of Pt/*** the current density(j)at 0.9 V is about 1.9 m A cm^(-2),which is three times of Pt/C and *** importantly,the bio-inspired systems show superior stability in comparison to commercial Pt/C,showing a potential of 0.863 V to deliver a j of 3 mA cm^(-2)after 18000 s polarization,about 80 mV higher than that of 0.783 V for Pt/*** high activity is contributed by the integration of the Fe Pc and MnO_(x)NSs that plays the role to assist the cleavage of the O_(2)*** approach provides a new evidence to develop highly efficient ORR catalysts through imitate the naturally involved systems through a simple route.

关键词： bio-inspired heme-copper oxidases iron phthalocyanine MnO_(x)nanosheets oxygen reduction reaction

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Next Generation Scanning LIDAR Systems for Optimizing Wake Turbulence Separation Minima

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雷达学报（中英文） 2017年第6期6卷 689-698页

作者： Ludovic Thobois Jean-pierre Cariou LEOSPHERE

Numerous studies have been performed to better understand the behavior of wake vortices with regards to aircraft characteristics and weather conditionsover the pastten years. These studies have led to the development of the aircraft RECATegorization(RECAT) programs in Europe and in USA. Its phase one focused on redefining distance separation matrix with six static aircraft wake turbulence categories instead of three with the current International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO) regulations. In Europe, the RECAT-EU regulation is now entering under operational implementation atseveral key airports. As proven by several research projects in the past, LIght Detection And Ranging(LIDAR) sensors are considered as the ground truth wake vortex measurements for assessing the safety impact of a new wake turbulence regulation at an airport in quantifying the risks given the local specificities. LIDAR's can also be used to perform risk monitoring after the implementation. In this paper, the principle to measure wake vortices with scanning coherent Doppler LIDARs is described as well as its dedicated post-processing. Finally the use of WINDCUBELIDAR based solution for supporting the implementation of new wake turbulenceregulation is described along with satisfyingresults that have permitted the monitoring of the wake vortex encounter risk after the implementation of a new wake turbulence regulation.

关键词： Wake turbulence Wake vortices LIght Detection And Ranging(LIDAR) Algorithm Circulation Data collection Safety case Risk monitoring

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Land use impact on clay dispersion/flocculation in irrigated and flooded vertisols from Northern Cameroon

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第3期6卷 237-244页

作者： Simon Djakba Basga DésiréTsozue Jean pierre Temga Jules Balna Jean pierre Nguetnkam Institute of Agricultural Research for Development(IRAD) P.O.Box33MarouaCameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaP.O Box814MarouaCameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé1P.O Box812YaoundéCameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of NgaoundéréP.O Box454NgaoundéréCameroon

Clay dispersion by water is important for soil and water conservation as well as for irrigation scheduling. In the present study, clay dispersion/flocculation of irrigated and flooded vertisols in North Cameroon was investigated using clay dispersion/stability indices. Nine vertisols topsoils (0–20 cm) samples were collected on different land use and their clay dispersion indices were assessed. Vertisols were acidic to slightly basic, with smectites as dominant clay mineral. The water dispersible clay (160–340 g kg-1), the dispersion ratio (0.55–0.79) and the clay dispersion ratio (0.48–0.83) were high in the studied vertisols while the clay flocculation index (0.17–0.54) and the clay aggregation (70–230 g kg-1) were low to moderate, indicating their high dispersion. Cropped vertisols displayed the higher amount of water dispersible clay while not cropped recorded the smaller amount. Concerning the cropped soils, irrigated vertisols displayed the highest clay dispersion indices suggesting that agricultural practices (irrigation) enhance clay dispersion. Globally, the clay dispersibility trend was: irrigated paddy ? rainy sorghum ? rainfed paddy ? dry-season sorghum ? not cropped. Statistical analyses revealed that amorphous Al, Na+ and electrical conductivity enhance clay dispersion while organic matter, nitrogen and Ca++ promote clay flocculation/aggregation. The overall findings emphasized that practices such as heavy tillage and irrigation induce clay dispersion. Minimum tillage, electrolytes concentration monitoring in irrigation water, irrigation scheduling based on soil moisture control, organic matter inputs and implementation of adapted dams are measures susceptible to limit their degradation through clay dispersion.

关键词： Vertisols Clay dispersion Irrigation Land use North Cameroon

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Numerical Simulations of Rarefied Gases in Curved Channels: Thermal Creep, Circulating Flow, and Pumping Effect

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第10期6卷 919-954页

作者： Kazuo Aoki pierre Degond Luc Mieussens Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Universite de Toulouse UPSINSAUT1UTMInstitut de Mathematiques de ToulouseF-31062 ToulouseFrance CNRS Institut de Mathematiques de Toulouse UMR 5219F-31062 ToulouseFrance Universite de Bordeaux Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux351cours de la Liberation33405 Talence cedexFrance

We present numerical simulations of a new system of micro-pump based on the thermal creep effect described by the kinetic theory of *** device is made of a simple smooth and curved channel with a periodic temperature *** the Boltzmann-BGK model as the governing equation for the gas flow,we develop a numerical method based on a deterministic finite volume scheme,implicit in time,with an implicit treatment of the boundary *** method is comparatively less sensitive to the slow flow velocity than the usual Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method in case of long devices,and turns out to be accurate enough to compute macroscopic quantities like the pressure field in the *** simulations show the ability of the device to produce a one-way flow that has a pumping effect.

关键词： Knudsen compressor thermal creep flow transpiration flow BGK model implicit scheme

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Degenerate Anisotropic Elliptic Problems and Magnetized Plasma Simulations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第1期11卷 147-178页

作者： Stephane Brull pierre Degond Fabrice Deluzet Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux UMR 5251 Equipe Mathematiques Appliquees de Bordeaux(MAB)Universite Bordeaux 1351cours de la Liberation-33405 TALENCE cedexFrance Universite de Toulouse UPSINSAUT1UTMInstitut de Mathematiques de ToulouseF-31062 ToulouseFrance CNRS Institut de Mathematiques de Toulouse UMR 5219F-31062 ToulouseFrance

This paper is devoted to the numerical approximation of a degenerate anisotropic elliptic *** numerical method is designed for arbitrary spacedependent anisotropy directions and does not require any specially adapted coordinate *** is also designed to be equally accurate in the strongly and the mildly anisotropic *** method is applied to the Euler-Lorentz system,in the drift-fluid *** system provides a model for magnetized plasmas.

关键词： Anisotropic elliptic problem asymptotic-preserving scheme Lorentz force large magnetic field low-Mach number drift-fluid limit

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A Construction of Beam Propagation Methods for Optical Waveguides

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第8期6卷 565-576页

作者： Xavier Antoine pierre Dreyfuss Karim Ramdani Institut Elie Cartan Nancy Nancy-UniversiteCNRSINRIACORIDA TeamBoulevard des Aiguillettes B.P.239 F-54506 Vandoeuvre-les-NancyFrance Laboratoire J.A.Dieudonne(Mathematiques) Universite de Nice-Parc Valrose06000 NiceFrance INRIA CORIDA Teamand Institut Elie Cartan NancyNancy-UniversiteCNRSINRIABoulevard des Aiguillettes B.P.239 F-54506 Vandoeuvre-les-NancyFrance

This paper presents a systematic method to derive Beam Propagation Models for optical *** technique is based on the use of the symbolic calculus rules for pseudodifferential *** cases of straight and bent optical wave... 详细信息

关键词： Bent waveguides Beam Propagation Method optics

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2D Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations with Constraints

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2010年第2期3卷 212-222页

作者： Jane Tournois pierre Alliez Olivier Devillers INRIA Sophia Antipolis-Mediterranee

We tackle the problem of constructing 2D centroidal Voronoi tessellations with constraints through an efficient and robust construction of bounded Voronoi diagrams, the pseudo-dual of the constrained Delaunay *** exploit the fact that the cells of the bounded Voronoi diagram can be obtained by clipping the ordinary ones against the constrained Delaunay *** clipping itself is efficiently computed by identifying for each constrained edge the(connected) set of triangles whose dual Voronoi vertices are hidden by the *** resulting construction is amenable to Lloyd relaxation so as to obtain a centroidal tessellation with constraints.

关键词： Centroidal Voronoi tessellation bounded Voronoi diagram constrained Delaunay triangulation.

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Universal Behavior of Nuclear Fragmentation

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Chinese journal of nuclear physics 1995年第3期17卷 215-220页

作者： Zheng, Yuming Richert, Jean Wagner, pierre Beijing China

We use the bond percolation model to study the multifragrnentation of197Au projectiles interact-ing with Cu target at a bombarding energy of 600 MeV/*** charge observables and some of their dif-ferential distributions are *** theoretical results agree well with the experimental data ofALADIN *** indicates that the percolation model can describe reasonably the universal be-havior of nuclear fragmentation in nucleus-nucleus collisions.

关键词： Nuclear fragmentation Universal behavior Bond percolation model Heavy ion collision

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Production of Wood Fibers from Thermally Treated Wood

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第5期18卷 1427-1439页

作者： Maximilien Gibier pierre Girods Yann Rogaume Universitéde Lorraine INRAELERMABERBEEpinalF-88000France

The reduction of the hygroscopicity of wood fibers was investigated through a Thermal Treatment(TT)on wood chips performed before the defibering *** TT and defibering tests were both carried out on a continuous pilot at semi-industrial *** thermal treatment study of wood chips,equivalent to a low temperature pyrolysis,was achieved for four conditions(280°C–320°C)for a duration of 10 *** quantification of solids,condensables and gases(FTIR)at the outcome of the thermal treatment allowed to achieve the mass balances for each *** increase of the reactor temperature from 280°C to 320°C leads to a lower solid yield(94%–82%)while gaseous(1%–3.8%)and condensable(3%–11%)products increase *** treated wood samples were afterwards successfully defibered in different conditions to produce suitable fibers for insulation panel *** aim of the study is also to evaluate the effects of the TT on the lowering of energy consumption necessary for the defibering process while producing good quality *** consumption during defibering process shows a significant decrease with the increase the TT *** morphology is affected by TT and the morphological quality of the fibers decreases as TT severity *** mass percentage of dust was also quantified as a quality marker of produced *** of equilibrium moisture(at 20°C and 65%RH)of the different materials(wood chips before and after TT,produced fibers)show a significant effect of the TT on wood chips hygroscopicity(8.2%for untreated wood to 4.1%for TT at 320°C).However,the effect of the TT on the hygroscopicity reduction of thermally treated wood fibers is drastically less significant due to breaking of the wood structure during defibering process.

关键词： Wood fibers thermal treatment defibering process hygroscopicity energy consumption fibers properties improvement

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