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Seasonal compensation implied no weakening of the land carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere under the 2015/2016 El Niño

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 281-294页

作者： Fangzhong SHI Xiuchen WU Xiaoyan LI philippe ciais Hongyan LIU Chao YUE Yuting YANG Shulei ZHANG Shushi PENG Yi YIN Benjamin POULTER Deliang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519085China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR821291191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

The recurrent extreme El Niño events are commonly linked to reduced vegetation growth and the land carbon sink over many but discrete regions of the Northern Hemisphere(NH).However,we reported here a pervasive and continuous vegetation greening and no weakened land carbon sink in the maturation phase of the 2015/2016 El Niño event over the NH(mainly in the extra-tropics),based on multiple evidences from remote sensing observations,global ecosystem model simulations and atmospheric CO_(2)*** discovered a significant compensation effect of the enhanced vegetation growth in spring on subsequent summer/autumn vegetation growth that sustained vegetation greening and led to a slight increase in the land carbon sink over the spring and summer of 2015(average increases of 23.34%and 0.63%in net ecosystem exchange from two independent datasets relative to a 5-years average before the El Niño event,respectively)and spring of 2016(6.82%),especially in the extra-tropics of the NH,where the water supply during the pre-growing-season(November of the previous year to March of the current year)had a positive *** seasonal compensation effect was much stronger than that in 1997 and 1998 and significantly alleviated the adverse impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño event on vegetation growth during its maturation *** legacy effect of water supply during the pre-growing-season on subsequent vegetation growth lasted up to approximately six *** findings highlight the role of seasonal compensation effects on mediating the land carbon sink in response to episodic extreme El Niño events.

关键词： El Niño Seasonal compensation effect Vegetation greening Land carbon sink Net ecosystem exchange Legacy effect

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太平洋十年涛动对全球地表气温变化的影响足迹

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 445-448页

作者：梁莉莉 Alan D.Ziegler 陈德亮 philippe ciais 李肇新梁时婧王大山徐荣嵘曾振中 School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources Mae Jo UniversityChiang Mai 50000Thailand Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre national de la recherche scientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéÉcole Normale SupérieureÉcole PolytechniqueParis 75000France Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Sea surface temperature modes have been found to modulate anthropogenic global warming rates on annual and decadal timescales,sometimes leading to periods of“slowdown”despite increasing greenhouse gas emissions^([1]).

关键词：太平洋十年涛动地表气温 greenhouse

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季节补偿效应导致2015/2016厄尔尼诺期间北半球未发生明显的碳汇降低

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第1期54卷 294-308页

作者：石芳忠吴秀臣李小雁 philippe ciais 刘鸿雁岳超杨雨亭张树磊彭书时印轶 Benjamin POULTER 陈德亮北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室北京100875 北京师范大学地理科学学部北京100875 青海师范大学青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室西宁810016 北京师范大学珠海校区流域环境生态工程研发中心珠海519085 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR8212Gif-sur-Yvette 91191France 北京大学城市与环境科学学院地表过程教育部重点实验室北京100871 清华大学水利工程系水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084 中山大学大气科学学院南方海洋科学与工程广东省重点实验室(珠海) 广州510275 California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

厄尔尼诺事件通常在北半球导致广泛的植被生长下降和碳汇降低.然而,基于遥感观测、全球陆地生态系统模型模拟及大气CO_(2)反演多套数据,本研究表明在2015/2016厄尔尼诺成熟阶段,北半球(主要为热带之外的区域)植被普遍持续增绿,陆地碳汇... 详细信息

厄尔尼诺事件通常在北半球导致广泛的植被生长下降和碳汇降低.然而,基于遥感观测、全球陆地生态系统模型模拟及大气CO_(2)反演多套数据,本研究表明在2015/2016厄尔尼诺成熟阶段,北半球(主要为热带之外的区域)植被普遍持续增绿,陆地碳汇未见减弱.研究结果发现,春季植被生长增强对随后的夏季和秋季植被生长有明显的补偿效应,这种补偿效应维持了夏季植被增绿,并导致2015年春季、夏季及2016年春季陆地碳汇略有增加,特别是在生长季前期(前一年的11月至当年的3月)水分供应增加的北半球热带之外的区域.两套独立数据集结果表明,相对于厄尔尼诺事件发生前5年均值, 2015年春季和夏季陆地碳汇分别平均增加23.34%和0.63%, 2016年春季平均增加6.82%.同时,相较于1997/1998厄尔尼诺事件,更强的季节补偿效应有效地缓解了2015/2016年厄尔尼诺事件对植被生长的不利影响.本研究进一步明确,生长季前期的供水对后续植被生长的遗留效应能够持续约6个月.该研究结果凸显了季节补偿效应在应对偶发性极端厄尔尼诺事件时对植被生长和陆地碳汇的调节作用.

关键词：厄尔尼诺季节补偿效应植被增绿陆地碳汇净生态系统交换遗产效应

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Local and teleconnected temperature effects of afforestation and vegetation greening in China

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National Science Review 2020年第5期7卷 897-912页

作者： Yue Li Shilong Piao Anping Chen philippe ciais Laurent Z.X.Li Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biology Colorado State University Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement/Institut Pierre Simon Laplace Commissariata l Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives–CNRS–Universite de Versailles Saint-QuentinUniversite Paris-Saclay Laboratoire de Met eorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversiteEcole Normale Superieure Ecole Polytechnique

Afforestation in China provides carbon sequestration and prevents soil erosion, but its remote impacts on climate in other regions via the coupling of forest energy fluxes with atmospheric circulation are largely unknown. Here, we prescribe inventory-based forest cover change and satellite-observed leaf area index from 1982 to 2011 in a coupled land-atmosphere model to simulate their biophysical climate effects. Both local and global surface air temperatures show a seasonal contrast in response to past vegetation cover expansion over China:a phenomenon we primarily attribute to a variation of seasonality of vegetation greening. A large cooling in spring results in concurrent decreases in geopotential height over China and zonal wind over Mongolia, causing a dipole structure in the upper troposphere over the Arctic. This accounts for～58%of simulated spring warming over the Russian Arctic and～61% of simulated spring cooling over the Canadian Artic. Our results imply that spring vegetation dynamics in China may affect climate in northern high latitudes.

关键词： afforestation vegetation greening China biophysical climate effect coupled land-atmosphere model

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Soil and vegetation water content identify the main terrestrial ecosystem changes

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National Science Review 2023年第5期10卷 167-179页

作者： Diego Bueso Maria Piles philippe ciais Jean-Pierre Wigneron álvaro Moreno-Martínez Gustau Camps-Valls Image Processing Laboratory Universitat de València Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Université Paris Saclay INRA Centre de Bordeaux Aquitaine Image Processing Laboratory Universitat deValència

Environmental change is a consequence of many interrelated *** vegetation responds to natural and human activity still needs to be well establishe d,quantified and *** cent satellite missions providing hydrologic and ecological indicators enable better monitoring of Earth system changes,yet there is no automatic way to address this issue directly from ***,we develop an observation-based methodology to capture evidence of changes in global terrestrial ecosystems and attribute these changes to natural or anthropogenic *** use the longest time record of global microwave L-band soil moisture and vegetation optical depth as satellite data and build spatially explicit maps of change in soil and vegetation water content and biomass reflecting large ecosystem changes during the last decade,*** of prominent trends(from-8% to 9% per year) are observed,especially in humid and semi-arid *** further combine such trends with land cover change maps,vegetation greenness and precipitation variability to assess their relationship with major documented ecosystem *** regions emerge from our *** cluster changes according to human activity drivers,including deforestation(Amazon,Central Africa) and wildfires(East Australia),artificial reforestation(South-East China),abandonment of farm fields(Central Russia) and climate shifts related to changes in precipitation variability(East Africa,North America and Central Argentina).Using the high sensitivity of soil and vegetation water content to ecosystem changes,microwave satellite observations enable us to quantify and attribute global vegetation responses to climate or anthropogenic activities as a direct measure of environmental changes and the mechanisms driving them.

关键词： soil moisture vegetation water content ecosystem trend remote sensing soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite

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Indication of paleoecological evidence on the evolution of alpine vegetation productivity and soil erosion in central China since the mid-Holocene

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第10期64卷 1774-1783页

作者： Ying CHENG Hongyan LIU Hongya WANG Deliang CHEN philippe ciais Yao LUO Xiuchen WU &Yi YIN School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgP.O.Box 460S-40530 GothenburgSweden Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA CNRS UVSQGif Sur Yvette 91191France State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125USA

Although alpine ecosystems have been commonly recognized as sensitive to recent climate change,few studies have examined its impact on the long-term productivity of vegetation and soil *** paleoecological records,these two aspects were examined in the alpine zone of the Taibai Mountains(elevation,3767 m)in monsoon-dominated East Asia since the middle *** for the productivity of vegetation and severity of soil erosion from high-resolution alpine lacustrine records show that the productivity and soil erosion were closely related to mean annual temperature and summer precipitation from the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM),***,when the mean annual temperature was low and precipitation was abundant,during 5800–4000 calendar years before the present(*** BP),the alpine ecosystem was characterized by low vegetation productivity and severe soil ***,the productivity increased and soil erosion decreased from 4000 *** BP *** results highlight the role of paleoecological evidence in studying ecosystem services on longer time scales,which is significant in making policies for sustainable development under climate change in regions for which such long-term monitoring data are not available.

关键词： Pollen Vegetation dynamics Alpine lake sediments Erosion intensity Paleoecological indicators

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Satellite-observed changes in terrestrial vegetation growth trends across the Asia-Pacific region associated with land cover and climate from 1982 to 2011

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第11期9卷 1055-1076页

作者： Baozhang Chen Guang Xu Nicholas C.Coops philippe ciais Ranga B.Myneni Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Ministry of EducationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application NanjingPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Forest Resource Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UnitéMixte de Recherche Commissariatàl’Energie AtomiqueCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversitéde Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesGif-sur-YvetteFrance Department of Earth and Environment Boston UniversityBostonMAUSA

The Asia-Pacific(AP)region has experienced faster warming than the global average in recent decades and has experienced more climate extremes,however little is known about the response of vegetation growth to these *** updated Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies third-generation global satellite Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index dataset and gridded reanalysis climate data were used to investigate the spatiotemporal changes in both trends of vegetation dynamic indicators and climatic *** then further analyzed their relations associated with land cover across the AP *** main findings are threefold:(1)at continental scales the AP region overall experienced a gradual and significant increasing trend in vegetation growth during the last three decades,and this NDVI trend corresponded with an insignificant increasing trend in temperature;(2)vegetation growth was negatively and significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation(ENSO)in AP;and(3)at pixel scales,except for Australia,both vegetation growth and air temperature significantly increased in the majority of study regions and vegetation growth spatially correlated with temperature;In Australia and other water-limited regions vegetation growth positively correlated with precipitation.

关键词： Vegetation dynamics NDVI climate change land cover Asia-Pacific region

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Changes in productivity and carbon storage of grasslands in china under future global warming scenarios of 1.5℃ and 2℃

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第5期12卷 804-814页

作者： Zhaoqi Wang Jinfeng Chang Shushi Peng Shilong Piao philippe ciais Richard Betts Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement LSCE/IPSLCEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversitéParis-SaclayF-91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterExeter EX44PSUK Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX13PBUK

Aims the impacts of future global warming of 1.5℃ and 2℃ on the productivity and carbon(c)storage of grasslands in china are not clear yet,although grasslands in china support~45 million agricultural populations and more than 238 million livestock populations,and are sensitive to global *** this study used a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model named ORcHIDEE to simulate c cycle of alpine meadows and temperate grasslands in *** model was driven by high-resolution(0.5°×0.5°)climate of global specific warming levels(SWL)of 1.5℃ and 2℃(warmer than pre-industrial level),which is downscaled by Ec-EARtH3-HR v3.1 with sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration as boundary conditions from IPSL-cM5-LR(low spatial resolution,2.5°×1.5°)Earth system model(ESM).Important Findingscompared with baseline(1971-2005),the mean annual air temperature over chinese grasslands increased by 2.5℃ and 3.7℃ under SWL1.5 and SWL2,*** increase in temperature in the alpine meadow was higher than that in the temperate grassland under both SWL1.5 and *** was also shown an increasing trend under SWL2 over most of the chinese *** increases in gross primary productivity(GPP)were simulated in the chinese grasslands,and the mean annual GPP(GPP_(MA))increased by 19.32%and 43.62%under SWL1.5 and SWL2,*** c storage increased by 0.64 Pg c and 1.37 Pg c under SWL1.5 and SWL2 for 50 years *** GPP_(MA) was 0.67_(0.39)^(0.88)(0.82)(model mean_(min) ^(max) (this study)),0.85_(0.45)^(1.24)(0.97)and 0.94_(0.61)^(1.30)(1.17)Pg C year^(−1) under baseline,SWL1.5 and SWL2 modeled by four cMIP5 ESMs(phase 5 of the coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Earth System Models).In contrast,the mean annual net biome productivity was−18.55_(−40.37)^(4.47)(−3.61),18.65_(−2.03)^(64.03)(10.29)and 24.15_(8.38)^(38.77)(24.93)Tg C year^(−1) under base-line,SWL1.5 and SWL2 modeled by the four cMIP5 *** results indicated that the c

关键词： productivity carbon storage specific warming level grassland climate change

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Strong direct and indirect influences of climate change on water yield confirmed by the Budyko framework

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 281-287页

作者： Hui Yang Hao Xu Chris Huntingford philippe ciais Shilong Piao Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA CNRS UVSQ91191France Centre for Ecology and Hydrology WallingfordOxfordshireOX108BBUK Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Research findings concerning the main processes influencing water resources differ substantially,and so the topic remains *** studies indicate that the changes in water yield,expressed through the n-parameter of Budyko framework,are associated with vegetation coverage ***,we use runoffmeasurements and outputs from 13 dynamic global vegetation models,to investigate the underlying drivers of the n-parameter *** previous studies,we instead find that climate change is the primary driver of adjustments on water *** climatic characteristics,particularly the intensity and seasonality of rainfall,modulates the runoffgeneration *** effects of climate change occur through altering vegetation properties,which in turn also impact river *** also find that in the arid and sparse vegetation regions,water yield is more sensitive to changes in ***,the Budyko framework provides a reliable parameter-sparse representation of runoffchanges,and reveals that terrestrial water cycle is changing substantially under climate *** climate forcing requires on-going investigation to generate more refined and reliable projections of future water availability.

关键词： Water cycle Climate change Atmospheric CO_(2) Land cover change Runoff

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Contrasting effects of N addition on the N and P status of understory vegetation in plantations of sapling and mature Larix principis-rupprechtii

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 843-852页

作者： Tao Yan Tiantian Qu Huanhuan Song philippe ciais Shilong Piao Zhenzhong Sun Hui Zeng Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University5 Yiheyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100871China School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University2199 Lishui RoadNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518055China Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenhe DistrictShenyang 110016China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UMR 1572 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences16 Lincui RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences16 Lincui RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100085China

Aims The productivity of forest plantations in temperate areas is often lim-ited by nitrogen(N),but may shift towards phosphorus(P)limitation with increasing atmospheric N *** resorption is a nutrient conservation strategy in *** data on nutrient resorption are available for overstory trees,there are few data for understory *** We examined leaf N and P concentrations and N and P resorption efficiencies(NRE and PRE,respectively)in eight understory species in 11-and 45-year-old Larix principis-rupprechtii stands subjected to N supplementation over a 3-year *** findings Leaf N concentrations and N:P ratios increased and P concentrations decreased,with N input in species within the 45-year-old stand,but not in the 11-year-old *** and PRE were not altered by N input in any of the species in either stand,but N resorption pro-ficiency decreased and P resorption proficiency increased,in the species in the 45-year-old ***,the growth of understory species may be more P-limited in the 45-versus 11-year-old stand,and nutrient resorption proficiency was more sensitive to N add-ition than nutrient resorption *** results will improve the understanding of nutrient use strategies and their responses to N addition in understory *** contrasting effects of N addition on nutrient status between stand ages cannot be ignored when modeling ecosystem nutrient cycling under global N depos-ition conditions.

关键词： larch plantation N addition nutrient resorption stand age understory species

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