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Predictors of suboptimal bowel preparation in asymptomatic patients undergoing average-risk screening colonoscopy

World journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2016年第17期8卷 616-622页

作者： Shail M Govani Eric E Elliott Stacy B Menees Stephanie L judd Sameer D Saini Constantinos P Anastassiades Annette L Urganus Suzanna j Boyce philip S Schoenfeld Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Center for Clinical Managmenent Research VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Department of Internal Medicine Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 United States Division of Gastroenterology Case Western Reserve University Hospital Cleveland OH 44106United States Department of Internal Medicine Duke University Durham NC 27708 United States

AIM To identify risk factors for a suboptimal preparation among a population undergoing screening or surveillance *** Retrospective review of the University of Michigan and Veteran's Administration(VA) Hospital records from 2009 to identify patients age 50 and older who underwent screening or surveillance procedure and had resection of polyps less than 1 cm in size and no more than 2 polyps. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or a family history of colorectal cancer were excluded. Suboptimal procedures were defined as procedure preparations categorized as fair, poor or inadequate by the endoscopist. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of suboptimal *** Of 4427 colonoscopies reviewed, 2401 met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Of our population, 16% had a suboptimal preparation. African Americans were 70% more likely to have a suboptimal preparation(95%CI: 1.2-2.4). Univariable analysis revealed that narcotic and tricyclic antidepressants(TCA) use, diabetes, prep type, site(VA vs non-VA), and presence of a gastroenterology(GI) fellow were associated with suboptimal prep quality. In a multivariable model controlling for gender, age, ethnicity, procedure site and presence of a GI fellow, diabetes [odds ratio(OR) = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.6-3.2], TCA use(OR = 2.5; 95%CI: 1.3-4.9), narcotic use(OR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2-2.5) and Miralax-Gatorade prep vs 4L polyethylene glycol 3350(OR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.4-0.9) were associated with a suboptimal prep quality. CONCLUSION Diabetes, narcotics use and TCA use were identified as predictors of poor preparation in screening colonoscopies while Miralax-Gatorade preps were associated with better bowel preparation.

关键词： preparation quality narcotics diabetes Colonoscopy

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在失代偿性肝硬化的HCV基因1型患者中,使用为期12周的雷迪帕韦/索磷布韦+利巴韦林(LDV/SOF+RBV):SOLAR-1和-2,与现实世界数据库进行比较

在失代偿性肝硬化的HCV基因1型患者中,使用为期12周的雷迪帕韦/索...

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第九届全国疑难及重症肝病大会

作者： Michael Charlton Michelle C.M.Cheung Michael Manns Nika Sajed philip j.F.Troke james Spellman Amanda Copans Sarah Arterburn Diana M.Brainard William L.Irving HCV Research UK Graham R.Foster

背景:对于失代偿性肝硬化的HCV患者,在干扰素时代治疗方案选择有限,且预后不佳。最近,FDA根据SOLAR-1和-2批准了LDV/SOF+RBV可用于GT1的失代偿性肝硬化的患者。现实世界数据库在证实临床数据的普适性方面意义重要。本文中,对比了来自英...

背景:对于失代偿性肝硬化的HCV患者,在干扰素时代治疗方案选择有限,且预后不佳。最近,FDA根据SOLAR-1和-2批准了LDV/SOF+RBV可用于GT1的失代偿性肝硬化的患者。现实世界数据库在证实临床数据的普适性方面意义重要。本文中,对比了来自英国扩展准入项目(EAP)的现实世界数据和失代偿性肝硬化的HCV患者的临床试验数据。

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Guiding phosphorus stewardship for multiple ecosystem services

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第12期2卷 29-41页

作者： Graham K.MacDonald Helen P.jarvie Paul j.A.Withers Donnacha G.Doody Bonnie L.Keeler philip M.Haygarth Laura T.johnson Richard W.McDowell Michael K.Miyittah Stephen M.Powers Andrew N.Sharpley jianbo Shen Douglas R.Smith Michael N.Weintraub Tiequan Zhang Department of Geography McGill University805 Sherbrooke Street WestMontrealQuebec H3A 0B9 Canada Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Wallingford OX108BB UK School of Environment Natural Resources and GeographyBangor UniversityBangor LL572UW UK Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Belfast BT95PX UK Institute on the Environment University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesota 55108 USA Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQ UK National Center for Water Quality Research Heidelberg University310 East Market StreetTiffinOhio 44883 USA Invermay Agricultural Centre AgResearchPrivate Bag 50034Mosgiel 9011 New Zealand Soil and Physical Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life SciencesLincoln UniversityPO Box 84Lincoln 7647 New Zealand Department of Environmental Sciences University of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Center for Environmental Research Educationand Outreach(CEREO)Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164 USA Division of Agriculture Department of CropSoiland Environmental SciencesUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansas 72701 USA Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Department of Plant NutritionMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193 China Grassland Soil and Water Research LaboratoryUSDA-ARS808 East Blackland RoadTempleTexas 76502 USA Department of Environmental Sciences University of ToledoToledoOhio 43606 USA Harrow Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaHarrowOntario N0R 1G0 Canada

The essential role of phosphorus(P)for agriculture and its impact on water quality has received decades of research ***,the benefits of sustainable P use and management for society due to its downstream impacts on multiple ecosystem services are rarely *** propose a conceptual framework-the“phosphorus-ecosystem services cascade”(PESC)-to integrate the key ecosystem processes and functions that moderate the relationship between P released to the environment from human actions and ecosystem services at distinct spatial and temporal *** pathways in the cascade via soil and aquatic processes link anthropogenic P to biodiversity and multiple services,including recreation,drinking water provision,and *** anthropogenic P cascades through catchments,it often shifts from a subsidy to a stressor of ecosystem *** stewardship can have emergent ecosystem service co-benefits due to synergies with other societal or management goals(e.g.,recycling of livestock manures and organic wastes could impact soil carbon storage).Applying the PESC framework,we identify key research priorities to align P stewardship with the management of multiple ecosystem services,such as incorporating additional services into agri-environmental P indices,assessing how widespread recycling of organic P sources could differentially impact agricultural yields and water quality,and accounting for shifting baselines in P stewardship due to climate ***,P impacts depend on site-specific agricultural and biogeophysical contexts,so greater precision in targeting stewardship strategies to specific locations would help to optimize for ecosystem services and to more effectively internalize the downstream costs of farm nutrient management.

关键词： agriculture ecosystem services phosphorus sustainability water quality

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Dose-response relationship of lung cancer to amount smoked, duration and age starting

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World journal of Meta-Analysis 2013年第2期1卷 57-77页

作者： john S Fry Peter N Lee Barbara A Forey Katharine j Coombs PN Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd.

AIM： To quantify smoking/lung cancer relationships accurately using parametric modelling.METHODS： Using the International Epidemiological Studies on Smoking and Lung Cancer database of all epidemiological studies of 100＋ lung cancer cases published before 2000, we analyzed 97 blocks of data for amount smoked, 35 for duration of smoking, and 27 for age started. Pseudo-numbers of cases and controls （or at risk） estimated from RRs by dose level formed the data modelled. We fitted various models relating loge RR to dose （d）, including βd, βdY and βloge （1 ＋ Wd）, and investigated goodness-of-fit and heterogeneity between studies.0.833 loge [1 ＋（8.1c/10）] for cigarettes/d （c）, 0.792 （y/10）0.74 for years smoked （y） and 0.176 [（70 - a）/10]1.44 for age of start （a）. Each model fitted well overall, though some blocks misfitted. RRs rose from 3.86 to 22.31 between c = 10 and 50, from 2.21 to 13.54 be-tween y = 10 and 50, and from 3.66 to 8.94 between a = 30 and 12.5. Heterogeneity （P 〈 0.001） existed by continent for amount, RRs for 50 cigarettes/d being 7.23 （Asia）, 26.36 （North America） and 22.16 （Europe）. Little heterogeneity was seen for duration of smoking or age ***： The models describe the dose-relation-ships well, though may be biased by factors including misclassification of smoking status and dose.

关键词： Smoking Lung neoplasms Dose-response Meta-analysis Review Amount smoked Duration of smoking Age at starting to smoke

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Advances in tropical cyclone prediction on subseasonal time scales

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第2期12卷 136-150页

作者： Carl j.Schreck III Frederic Vitart Suzana j.Camargo joanne Camp james Darlow Russell Elsberry jon Gottschalck Paul Gregory Kurt Hansen justyn jackson Matthew A.janiga philip j.Klotzbach Chia-Ying Lee Lindsey Long Masuo Nakano Kazuto Takemura Yuhei Takaya Michael j.Ventrice Zhuo Wang Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies North Carolina State UniversityUSA European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts UK Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityUSA Bureau of Meteorology Australia joint Typhoon Warning Center USA Naval Postgraduate School USA Climate Prediction Center NOAAUSA hNational Research CouncilUSA U.S.Air Force USA Naval Research Laboratory USA Colorado State University USA ERT Inc.USA japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Japan Climate Prediction Division Japan Meteorological AgencyJapan Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological AgencyJapan DRW Holdings USA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign USA

This review describes advances in understanding and forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)subseasonal variability during the past four years.A large effort by the scientiﬁc community has been in understanding the sources of predictability at subseasonal timescales beyond the well-known modulation of TC activity by the Madden-julian Oscillation(MjO).In particular,the strong modulation of TC activity over the western North Paciﬁc by the Boreal Summer Intra-Seasonal Oscillation(BSISO)has been *** has also been realized in understanding the role of tropical-extratropical interactions in improving subseasonal *** addition,several recent publications have shown that extratropical wave breaking may have a role in the genesis and development of *** of multi-model ensemble data sets such as the Subseasonal to Seasonal(S2S)and Subseasonal Experiment(SubX)have shown that the skill of S2S models in predicting the genesis of TCs varies strongly among models and regions but is often tied to their ability to simulate the MjO and its *** skill in select models has led to an increase over the past four years in the number of forecasting centers issuing subseasonal TC forecasts using various techniques(statistical,statistical-dynamical and dynamical).More extensive veriﬁcation studies have been published over the last four years,but often only for the North Atlantic and eastern North Paciﬁc.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Subseasonal Forecasts Hurricanes MjO

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保留晶状体的玻璃体切除术治疗由4A期早产儿视网膜病变引起的进展性牵拉性视网膜脱离

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2005年第3期17卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Andrew A. Moshfeghi Michael j. Banach Gohar A. Salam philip j. Ferrone 陆遥（译）

目的：说叫保留晶状体的玻璃体切除术对于婴儿由4A期早产儿视网膜病变引起的进展性的、威胁黄斑的牵拉性视网膜脱离的治疗效果。

关键词：牵拉性视网膜脱离早产儿视网膜病变玻璃体切除术治疗效果进展性晶状体

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塑料合成集装箱

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集装箱化 1996年第6期7卷 6-6页

作者：徐晨曦 philip Damas

美国的Ultralite集装箱公司于1995年5月开发成功“塑料合成集装箱”。公司总经理j·吉米兹坚信:造箱用的合成材料的力学性能优于钢材和铝材,此合成材料是将纤维质增强物埋入聚合塑料的基质中形成的。

关键词：塑料合成集装箱合成材料重量性能市场前景

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缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作患者的卒中预防指南

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中华脑血管病论坛 2006年第1期4卷 21-66页

作者： Ralph L.Sacco Robert Adams Grge Albers Mark j.ALBERTS Oscar Benavente Karen Furie Larry B.Goldstein philip Gorelick jonathan Halperin Robert Harbaugh S.Claiborne johnston Irene Katzan Margaret Kelly-Hayes Edgar j.Kenton Michael Marks Lee H.Schwamm Thomas Tomsick 曹勇军（译）陈孝东（译）毛成洁（译）刘春风（译）

这份新声明旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活者的缺血性卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐，循证推荐包括对危险因素的控制，动脉粥样硬化性疾病的干预措施，心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性卒中抗血小板药的应用。另外，还为... 详细信息

这份新声明旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活者的缺血性卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐，循证推荐包括对危险因素的控制，动脉粥样硬化性疾病的干预措施，心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性卒中抗血小板药的应用。另外，还为其他多种特殊情况下复发性卒中的预防提供了推荐、包括动脉夹层分离、卵圆孔未闭、高同型半胱氨酸血症、高凝状态、镰状细胞病、脑静脉窦血栓形成、女性卒中（特别是与妊娠和绝经后激素替代治疗相关卒中），脑出血后肮凝药的应用，以及该指南在高危人群中执行和应用的特殊措施。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明缺血短暂性脑缺血发作卒中

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巩膜环扎术对幼兔眼睛的影响

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眼科新进展 2005年第3期25卷 222-222页

作者： Andrew A.Moshfeghi Scott D.Pendergast Michael K.Hartzer philip j.Ferrone

目的在动物模型上评价巩膜环扎术对发育中兔眼的影响。方法对11只幼兔施行了单眼的巩膜环扎术。6只兔应用了带有Watzke套的2.5mm×0.6mm的固体硅树脂环绕带(240型),另5只则应用了两端相邻却不相连2.0mm的硅树脂环绕海绵(502型)。3个月之... 详细信息

目的在动物模型上评价巩膜环扎术对发育中兔眼的影响。方法对11只幼兔施行了单眼的巩膜环扎术。6只兔应用了带有Watzke套的2.5mm×0.6mm的固体硅树脂环绕带(240型),另5只则应用了两端相邻却不相连2.0mm的硅树脂环绕海绵(502型)。3个月之后,所有动物的双眼都被取出。另有3只兔子的6只眼被用来作为计算原始眼球容积的对照。结果在应用240带环扎的6只眼中,有4只发展为青光眼,而用502海绵环扎的5只眼中这个数字为0(P=0.06);所有用240带环扎的眼都出现了元件的移动(3只前移,3只后移),而用502海绵的1只也没有移动;与未经治疗的对侧眼相比,无论是用240带(P=0.94)还是502海绵(P=0.25)环扎的眼,其角膜最终的平均直径均没有明显差异;用240带环扎的眼和对侧眼的平均眼轴长度分别为19.57mm和16.83mm(P=0.009),用502海绵环扎的眼和对侧眼的平均眼轴长度则分别为16.67mm和16.50mm(P=0.67)。在比较用240带和502海绵环扎的眼时,发现2个实验组在平均眼轴长度(P=0.006)和平均眼球容积(P=0.006)上出现了明显的差异。结论应用连续性很完整的固体硅树脂环绕带呈现出对发育中的幼兔眼有明显的影响;而应用非连续的硅树脂海绵却能得到与固体硅树脂环绕带相似的环扎效果,而且不会出现移动、抑制眼球发育和青光眼。

关键词：巩膜环扎术眼轴长度硅树脂海绵环扎对侧眼幼兔

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含有水杨酸盐的外用擦剂治疗急性和慢性疼痛的系统性综述

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英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第5期7卷 319-319页

作者： Lorna Mason R Andrew Moore jayne E Edwards Henry j McQuay Sheena Derry philip j Wiffen 郭利劭

评价含有水杨酸盐的外用擦剂治疗急性和慢性疼痛的疗效和安全性。

关键词：治疗擦剂慢性疼痛急性外用系统性综述水杨酸盐疗效安全性评价

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