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Distinct vibrational signatures and complex phase behavior in metallic oxygen

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 4-11页

作者： philip dalladay-sim.son Bartomeu Monserrat Li Zhang Federico Gorelli Center for High Pressure Science Technology Advanced Research 1690 Cailun RoadShanghai 201203China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB3 OFSUnited Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB3 OHEUnited Kingdom Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)50125 FlorenceItaly Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences(SHARPS) ShanghaiChina

Evidence for metallization in dense oxygen has been reported for over 30 years[Desgreniers et al.,***.94,1117(1990)]at a now routinely accessible 95 GPa[Shimizu et al.,Nature 393,767(1998)].However,despite the longevity of this result and the technological advances since,the nature of the metallic phase remains poorly constrained[Akahama et al.,***.74,4690(1995);Goncharov et al.,***.B 68,224108(2003);Ma,***.B 76,064101(2007);and Weck et al.,***.102,255503(2009)].In this work,through Raman spectroscopy,we report the distinct vibrational characteristics of metallicζ-O_(2) from 85 to 225 *** comparison with numerical simulations,weﬁnd reasonable agreement with the candidate structure up to about 150 *** higher pressures,the C2/mstructure is found to be unstable and incompatible with experimental *** candidate structures,and Ci,with C2/m C2/conly two molecules in the primitive unit cell,are found to be stable and more compatible with measurements above 175 GPa,indicative of the dissociation of(O_(2))4 ***,we report and discuss a strong hysteresis and metastability with the precursory phaseϵ-O_(2).Theseﬁndings will reinvigorate experimental and theoretical work into the dense oxygen system,which will have importance for oxygen-bearing chemistry,prevalent in the deep Earth,as well as fundamental physics.

关键词： metallic phase vibrational

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Unveiling a novel metal-to-metal transition in LuH_(2):Critically challenging superconductivity claims in lutetium hydrides

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 65-73页

作者： Dong Wang Ningning Wang Caoshun Zhang Chunsheng Xia Weicheng Guo Xia Yin Kejun Bu Takeshi Nakagawa Jianbo Zhang Federico Gorelli philip dalladay-sim.son Thomas Meier Xujie Lü Liling Sun Jinguang Cheng Qiaoshi Zeng Yang Ding Ho-kwang Mao Center for High-Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Beijing 100094China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Material Frontiers Research in Extreme Environments(MFree) Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences(SHARPS)Shanghai 201203China

Following the recent report by Dasenbrock-Gammon et al.[Nature 615,244–250(2023)]of near-ambient superconductivity in nitrogendoped lutetium trihydride(LuH_(3-δ)N_(ε)),significant debate has emerged surrounding the composition and interpretation of the observed sharp resistance ***,we meticulously revisit these claims through comprehensive characterization and *** definitively identify the reported material as lutetium dihydride(LuH_(2)),resolving the ambiguity surrounding its *** similar conditions(270–295 K and 1–2 GPa),we replicate the reported sharp decrease in electrical resistance with a 30%success rate,aligning with the observations by Dasenbrock-Gammon et ***,our extensive investigations reveal this phenomenon to be a novel pressure-induced metal-to-metal transition intrinsic to LuH_(2),distinct from ***,nitrogen doping exerts minimal impact on this *** work not only elucidates the fundamental properties of LuH_(2)andLuH_(3),but also critically challenges the notion of superconductivity in these lutetium hydride *** findings pave the way for future research on lutetium hydride systems,while emphasizing the crucial importance of rigorous verification in claims of ambient-temperature superconductivity.

关键词： resistance hydride superconductivity

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Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第3期5卷 25-30页

作者： Eugene Gregoryanz Cheng Ji philip dalladay-sim.son Bing Li Ross T.Howie Ho-Kwang Mao Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FDUnited Kingdom Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Shanghai 201203China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

The hydrogen molecule is made from the first and lightest element in the periodic *** hydrogen gas is either compressed or cooled,it forms the simplest molecular *** solid exhibits many interesting and fundamental physical *** is believed that if the density of the solid is increased by compressing it to very high pressures,hydrogen will transform into the lightest known metal with very unusual and fascinating properties,such as room temperature superconductivity and/or *** this article,we provide a critical look at the numerous claims of hydrogen metallization and the current experimental state of affairs.

关键词： hydrogen metallic solid

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Structural Studies on the Cu–H System under Compression

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 505-509页

作者： Jack Binns Miriam Pena-Alvarez Mary-Ellen Donnelly Eugene Gregoryanz Ross T. Howie philip dalladay-sim.son Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203 China Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FD UK Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China

Hydrogen chemistry at extreme pressures is currently subject to extensive research due to the observed and predicted enhanced physical properties when hydrogen is incorporated in numerous binary systems. Despite the high reactivity of hydrogen, the noble metals (Cu, Ag, and Au) display an outstanding resilience to hydride formation, with no reports of a stable compound with a hydrogen molar ratio - 1 at room temperature. Here, through extreme compression and in situ laser heating of pure copper in a hydrogen atmosphere, we explore the affinity of these elements to adopt binary compounds. We report on the phase behavior and stabilities in the Cu–H system, analyzed via synchrotron X-ray diffraction, up to pressures of 50 GPa. We confirm the existence of the previously reported c0-CuH0.15, c1-CuH0.5, and e-Cu2H phases. Most notably, we report the highest hydrogen-content noble-metal hydride stable at room temperature to date: c2-CuH0.65, which was synthesized through laser heating. This study furthers our understanding of hydrogen-transition metal chemistry and may find applicability in future hydrogen-storage applications.

关键词： High pressure Hydrogen storage Noble metal chemistry

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参与式渭南地震情景构建:中国地震风险对策的行动研究示范

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地震地质 2020年第6期42卷 1446-1473页

作者：苏桂武 Janise Rodgers 田青齐文华 philip England Timothy sim John Young 王东明李志强冯希杰孙磊陈鲲 Emily So Barry Parsons 赵金礼石建梁袁志祥 Yue Cao 周旗魏本勇 David Milledge Alexander Densmore 中国地震局地质研究所北京100029 美国国际地灾美国门洛帕克94025 北京师范大学环境教育学部北京100875 牛津大学地球科学系英国牛津OX13AN 香港理工大学应用社会学系中国香港999077 国际科学理事会(ICSU)科学与政策促进国际网络(INASP) 英国牛津OX41JE 中国地震灾害防御中心北京100029 中国地震台网中心北京100045 陕西省地震局西安710068 清华大学公共管理学院/清华大学应急管理研究基地北京100084 中国地震局地球物理研究所北京100081 剑桥大学建筑学系英国剑桥CB21PX 英国海外发展研究所英国伦敦SE18NJ 宝鸡文理学院陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室宝鸡721013 纽卡斯尔大学英国纽卡斯尔NE17RU 杜伦大学英国杜伦DH 13LE

中国政府层面自上而下的防震减灾管理卓有成效;但是,对于提升全社会的整体防震减灾能力而言,尚需推动基于此而又有民众与基层自下而上广泛参与的全社会治理模式。为发展这种模式积累经验,渭南市地震情景构建示范项目借助参与式行动研究... 详细信息

中国政府层面自上而下的防震减灾管理卓有成效;但是,对于提升全社会的整体防震减灾能力而言,尚需推动基于此而又有民众与基层自下而上广泛参与的全社会治理模式。为发展这种模式积累经验,渭南市地震情景构建示范项目借助参与式行动研究范式,特别关注了中国防震减灾工作当前存在的以下2点广泛不足:一是社会民众与基层的自下而上办法薄弱,且与政府层面自上而下对策之间的相互衔接与促进不足;二是科学研究向实际减灾对策的转化不足,特别是针对自下而上办法的科学研究与应用转化不足。取得的主要进展有:1)基于广泛参与理念,通过"研究者"和"减灾实践者"、"相关者"、"当事人"2方面人员间的密切合作,共同诊断评估了渭南面临的主要地震灾害风险及隐患、共同提炼了针对性的减灾对策改进建议等,从而使情景构建所得的结果或认识更加可靠、所提对策建议更加符合当地实际需要;借助行动研究过程平台,尝试了风险评估、风险沟通和风险对策改进3大环节的无缝衔接与同步互动,促进了科学研究与实际应用的直接对接与就地转化。2)基于多尺度、多层面视角和同时为"政府"或"部门"与"基层"或"民众"两大类用户服务。在关注改进自上而下对策的同时,针对薄弱的自下而上办法,特别是就这两大对策途径间最广泛与最可持续的接口——宣传教育和家庭、学校、社区减灾,开展了大规模的专项调查分析,梳理了系列化的现今本底与改进方向。3)聚焦改善减灾宣教和促进风险沟通,编创了由"故事"引导的2版内容与形式均有显著差别的地震情景叙事读本:政府版和公众版,以期借助"故事"和艺术呈现"故事"带动人们更好地理解与应用情景构建结果和认识,借助"故事"演绎社会性灾害脆弱成分——"留守儿童家庭与贫困"之于灾害的强化与叠加效应,促进人们对地震灾害风险更加全面与深入的认识;在理性刻板科学中融入感性与人文艺术情怀,以引导共识与共鸣、改善减灾态度、培养减灾价值观,进而激发减灾行动和减灾参与意愿,特别是激励人们就相关问题进行长期思考和持续行动改善。以上3方面进展,从总体上实现了对中国防震减灾工作存在的前述2点广泛不足的有益研讨与部分弥补推动尝试。参与式渭南地震情景构建行动研究示范,对国内相关工作具有抛砖引玉的作用,也为国际同类工作积累了中国经验。

关键词：地震情景参与式行动研究讲故事自上而下对策与自下而上办法风险评估与风险对策

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Deep-learning based denoising and reconstruction of super-resolution structured illumination microscopy images

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Photonics Research 2021年第5期9卷 I0001-I0014页

作者： ZAFRAN HUSSAIN SHAH MARCEL MÜLLER TUNG-CHENG WANG philip MAURICE SCHEIDIG AXEL SCHNEIDER MARK SCHÜTTPELZ THOMAS HUSER WOLFRAM SCHENCK Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences33619 BielefeldGermany Faculty of Physics Bielefeld University33615 BielefeldGermany

Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy(SR-sim) provides an up to twofold enhanced spatial resolution of fluorescently labeled samples. The reconstruction of high-quality SR-sim images critically depends on patterned illumination with high modulation contrast. Noisy raw image data(e.g., as a result of low excitation power or low exposure time), result in reconstruction artifacts. Here, we demonstrate deep-learning based SR-sim image denoising that results in high-quality reconstructed images. A residual encoding–decoding convolutional neural network(RED-Net) was used to successfully denoise computationally reconstructed noisy SR-sim *** also demonstrate the end-to-end deep-learning based denoising and reconstruction of raw sim images into high-resolution SR-sim images. Both image reconstruction methods prove to be very robust against image reconstruction artifacts and generalize very well across various noise levels. The combination of computational image reconstruction and subsequent denoising via RED-Net shows very robust performance during inference after training even if the microscope settings change.

关键词： Deep illumination image

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对话1873

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缤纷 2008年第3期 24-,26页

作者：刘峰 Target Living philip Vile

自1873年起,伦敦Cole & son公司便一直生产着全世界最优秀的壁纸。同样也是从那一年起,Cole & son古老的工厂建筑便屹立至今。作为伦敦最受追捧的设计事务所之一的Target Living首席执行官,设计师Tara Bernerd在LordonNewcastle开发公... 详细信息

自1873年起,伦敦Cole & son公司便一直生产着全世界最优秀的壁纸。同样也是从那一年起,Cole & son古老的工厂建筑便屹立至今。作为伦敦最受追捧的设计事务所之一的Target Living首席执行官,设计师Tara Bernerd在LordonNewcastle开发公司的盛邀之下,用当代视角实施了对古老的Cole & son壁纸厂房的公寓设计改造,24间SOHO式公寓的空间定位,最大限度地成就了现代人的生活和工作需求。而与此同时,

关键词：现代设计设计师公寓老建筑壁纸融合对话生活空间传统当代

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对话1873

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缤纷家居 2008年第3期 24-24页

作者：刘峰 Target Living philip Vile

关键词：设计师

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