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Effects of dietary ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immunoglobulins, cytokines, fatty acid composition, and performance of lactating sows and suckling piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 137-144页

作者： Wei Yao Jie Li Jun jun Wang Weiliang Zhou Qingbo Wang Rongchang Zhu Fenglai Wang phil Thacker Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural University Tianjin National Breeding Pig Farm Ninghe Livestock & Fisheries Bureau Department of Science University of Saskatchewan

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary ratios of n-6：n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） on the performance of lactating sows and their piglets. Thirty pregnant Landrace sows were assigned to one of three treatments from d 108 of gestation until weaning （26-29 d） and were fed diets containing different ratios of n-6：n-3 PUFA including 3：1,9：1 and 13：1. The effects on sow and litter production traits were examined together with an assessment of sow body condition. No differences were detected among the treatments for the daily feed intake of sows or changes in sow weight and back-fat levels during lactation （P 〉 0.05）. Litter size at d 14 and d 21 were tended to increase in 3：1 treatment compared with 9：1 and 13：1 treatments （P 〈 0.10）. Litter weight gain （1.77 kg/d） from d 0 to d 14 was tended to increase in 9：1 groups compared with the other two treatments （P 〈 0.10）. A significant difference was observed for the content of a -linolenic acid, total n-3 PUFA, and the ratio of n-6：n-3 PUFA in the colostrum, milk, and piglets plasma （P 〈 0.01）. The effects of different ratios of n-6：n-3 PUFA in sow diets on colostrum, milk and piglet plasma immunoglobulin concentrations are studied. No difference was observed among treatments in the concentrations of IgM, and IgA in colostrum （P 〉 0.05）. A great significant difference for IgG concentration was observed among 3 group in colostrum. A great significant difference for IgA, and IgM （P〈 0.01） concentrations in piglet plasma at d14 and a significant difference for IgG（P 〈 0.05） was observed at d14. Furthermore, at d 21 of lactation, piglet plasma IgG and IgA concentration were greater in 3：1 compared with 13：1 group （P 〈 0.01）. In summary, the current study demonstrated that altering the ratio of n-6：n-3 PUFA in lactating sow diet had an effect on the immune component including immunoglobulin and cytokines, and it tended to increase the litter average daily gain and improve the immune status o

关键词： n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Performance Fatty acid composition Immunoglobulin Cytokines

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A Level Set Immersed Boundary Method for Water Entry and Exit

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第7期8卷 265-288页

作者： Yali Zhang Qingping Zou Deborah Greaves Dominic Reeve Alison Hunt-Raby David Graham phil James Xin Lv School of Marine Science and Engineering University of PlymouthUnited KingdomPL48AA School of Mathematics and Statistics University of PlymouthUnited KingdomPL48AA

The interaction between free surface flow and structure is investigated using a new level set immersed boundary *** incorporation of an improved immersed boundary method with a free surface capture scheme implemented in a Navier-Stokes solver allows the interaction between fluid flow with free surface and moving body/bodies of almost arbitrary shape to be modelled.A new algorithm is proposed to locate exact forcing points near solid boundaries,which provides an accurate numerical *** discretized linear system of the Poisson pressure equation is solved using the Generalized Minimum Residual(GMRES)method with incomplete LU *** flow past a cylinder at Reynolds number Re=100 is modelled using the present model and results agree well with the experiment and numerical data in the *** exit and entry of a cylinder at the prescribed velocity is also *** predicted slamming coefficient is in good agreement with experimental data and previous numerical simulations using a ComFlow *** vertical slamming force and pressure distribution for the free falling wedge is also studied by the present model and comparisons with available theoretical solutions and experimental data are made.

关键词： Level set method immersed boundary method slamming coefficient water entry and exit free surface fluid-structure interaction

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Genetic Analysis of ele Mutants and Comparative Mapping of ele1 Locus in the Control of Organ Internal Asymmetry in Garden Pea

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第6期52卷 528-535页

作者： Xin Li Li-Li Zhuang Mike Ambrose M. phil. Catherine Rameau Xiao-He Hu Jun Yana Da Luo School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai 200030 China Department of Crop Genetics John Innes Centre Colney Norwich NR4 7UH United Kingdom Station de Genetique et d'Amelioration des Plantes Institut J.P. Bourgin UR 254 INRA Versailles France National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biologica Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Previous study has shown that during zygomorphic development in garden pea （Pisum sativum L.）, the organ internal （IN） asymmetry of lateral and ventral petals was regulated by a genetic locus, SYMMETRIC PETAL 1 （SYP1）, while the dorsoventral （DV） asymmetry was determined by two CYC-like TCP genes or the PsCYC genes, KEELED WINGS （K） and LOBED STANDARD 1 （LST1）. In this study, two novel loci, ELEPHANT EAR-LIKE LEAF 1 （ELE1） and ELE2 were characterized. These mutants exhibit a similar defect of IN asymmetry as syp1 in lateral and ventral petals, but also display pleiotropic effects of enlarged organ size. Genetic analysis showed that ELE1 and ELE2 were involved in same genetic pathway and the enlarged size of petals but not compound leaves in e/e2 was suppressed by introducing k and Ist1, indicating that the enlargement of dorsal petal in e/e2 requires the activities of K and LST1. An experimental framework of comparative genomic mapping approach was set up to map and clone LjELE1 locus in Lotus japonicus. Cloning the ELE1 gene will shed light on the underlying molecular mechanism during zygomorphic development and further provide the molecular basis for genetic improvement on legume crops.

关键词： GENETIC research PEAS GENETICS FOLIAR diagnosis LOCUS (Genetics) COMPARATIVE genomic hybridization LEGUMES

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第二语言教育的教师自主性研究

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外语与外语教学 2007年第12期 33-37页

作者：黄景 phil Benson 香港大学香港教育学院

广域教师教育研究倾向于把教师自主性等同于教师的专业自由。第二语言／外语教育虽然把教师的专业自由视为教师自主性的一个组成部分，但不是最重要的组成部分。本文首先筒述近20几年第二语言教育的学习者自主性和教师自主性研究，从中... 详细信息

广域教师教育研究倾向于把教师自主性等同于教师的专业自由。第二语言／外语教育虽然把教师的专业自由视为教师自主性的一个组成部分，但不是最重要的组成部分。本文首先筒述近20几年第二语言教育的学习者自主性和教师自主性研究，从中勾画出教师自主性概念的主要发展脉络。接着讨论第二语言教育教师自主性概念发展的三个主要阶段并着重分析教师作用、教师专业化和教师专业自由等三个问题。最后探讨第二语言教育教师自主性研究对开展教师教育实践和研究的启示。

关键词：教师自主性学习者自主性教师教育第二语言/外语教育

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A Solar System That Looks Like Home

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当代外语研究 2008年第4期 4-5页

作者： phil Berardelli 申江

天文学家们始终没有放松通过探索太空来探究宇宙起源的努力。最近他们发现,在距离地球450光年之外存在着一个与我们所在的太阳系形成初期非常相像的盘形气体与尘埃团。更重要的是,这一天体中所含的基本元素和生存环境与太阳系早期极其... 详细信息

天文学家们始终没有放松通过探索太空来探究宇宙起源的努力。最近他们发现,在距离地球450光年之外存在着一个与我们所在的太阳系形成初期非常相像的盘形气体与尘埃团。更重要的是,这一天体中所含的基本元素和生存环境与太阳系早期极其相似。它能否帮助我们揭开生命起源的奥秘呢?

关键词：太阳系天文学家宇宙起源生命起源生存环境基本元素探究放松相似红外线

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How to Make a Submarine Disappear

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当代外语研究 2008年第2期 33-34页

作者： phil Berardelli 黎敏

雷达可以通过声波探测出某一范围内所有的活动物体,而对潜水艇来说,如何逃过雷达的追踪就变得尤为重要。日前科学家们开发出一种新技术,能通过改变声波的传送路径使之遁于无形,或者绕过声波探测器。如果这一研究成功,将能在军事和民用... 详细信息

雷达可以通过声波探测出某一范围内所有的活动物体,而对潜水艇来说,如何逃过雷达的追踪就变得尤为重要。日前科学家们开发出一种新技术,能通过改变声波的传送路径使之遁于无形,或者绕过声波探测器。如果这一研究成功,将能在军事和民用领域带来意想不到的变化。

关键词：雷达声波探测器活动物体新技术潜水艇科学家通过路径追踪传送

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基于Permedia3的耕宇CARDEXpertP3显卡

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微型计算机 2000年第6期20卷 21-22页

作者： phil

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Microjet-Based Active Flow Control on a Fixed Wing UAV

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Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2014年第2期2卷 32-41页

作者： phil Kreth Farrukh Alvi Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion Florida A & M University and Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA

A fixed wing, remote controlled, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), has been retrofitted with a system of microjet-based actuators to test microjet efficacy for flow control during flight. This allows one to evaluate the flow control system in a more complex and uncontrolled environment relative to the “clean” laboratory flowfield. The system is composed of off-the-shelf components and provides some appreciation of the challenges associated with implementing such an active control scheme in more “practical” configurations. A wing section with actuators was first tested in a low-speed wind tunnel to characterize microjet control efficacy in the laboratory using surface flow visualizations and particle image velocimetry (PIV). The laboratory results show that the microjet actuators are an effective means of controlling separation with fairly low supply pressures and flow rates. Only relatively robust and straightforward diagnostics can be used to determine the flow conditions on the UAV during flight. As such, tufts are installed on the aircraft’s wing to serve as a qualitative way of measuring control efficacy. Results from the flight tests confirm that this flow control system is capable of delaying flow separation in the complex flows occurring during flight.

关键词： Separation Control Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flight Testing

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The Story of the Garden of Eden

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Sociology Study 2023年第2期13卷 103-104页

作者： Mary phil Korsak Independent Scholar BrusselsBelgium

The story of the Garden of Eden is familiar to most people,readers of the Bible or otherwise.I intend in the present article to look afresh at this story and to raise questions about how it is traditionally *** begin,what does the reader of the first book of the Bible,commonly known as“Genesis”,learn about the garden?We are told that trees grow there(Gen 2,9),and rivers have their source there(2,10).Among the trees,three are signalled out for their importance:the tree of life,which stands in the middle of the garden,and which is intimately associated with the tree of the knowing of good and bad.A third tree,which is easily ignored,is a fig *** the human couple become aware of their nakedness,we are told that they“sew together fig leaves and make themselves loin clothes”(3,7).(Never mind how they got hold of needle and thread!The nature of the first two of the above-mentioned trees indicates that the reader is introduced into a world of mythology).

关键词： needle Eden otherwise

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Clinical outcomes of isolated renal failure compared to other forms of organ failure in patients with severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第29期23卷 5431-5437页

作者： Amir Gougol Mohannad Dugum Anwar Dudekula phil Greer Adam Slivka David C Whitcomb Dhiraj Yadav Georgios I Papachristou Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh

To assess differences in clinical outcomes of isolated renal failure (RF) compared to other forms of organ failure (OF) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODSUsing a prospectively maintained database of patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to a tertiary medical center between 2003 and 2016, those with evidence of persistent OF were classified to renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, or multi-organ (2 or more organs). Data regarding demographics, comorbidities, etiology of acute pancreatitis, and clinical outcomes were prospectively recorded. Differences in clinical outcomes after development of isolated RF in comparison to other forms of OF were determined using independent t and Mann-Whitney U tests for continues variables, and χ2 test for discrete variables. RESULTSAmong 500 patients with acute pancreatitis, 111 patients developed persistent OF: mean age was 54 years, and 75 (67.6%) were male. Forty-three patients had isolated OF: 17 (15.3%) renal, 25 (21.6%) respiratory, and 1 (0.9%) patient with cardiovascular failure. No differences in demographics, etiology of acute pancreatitis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome scores, or development of pancreatic necrosis were seen between patients with isolated RF vs isolated respiratory failure. Patients with isolated RF were less likely to require nutritional support (76.5% vs 96%, P = 0.001), ICU admission (58.8% vs 100%, P = 0.001), and had shorter mean ICU stay (2.4 d vs 15.7 d, P < 0.001), compared to isolated respiratory failure. None of the patients with isolated RF or isolated respiratory failure died. CONCLUSIONAmong patients with SAP per the Revised Atlanta Classification, approximately 15% develop isolated RF. This subgroup seems to have a less protracted clinical course compared to other forms of OF. Isolated RF might be weighed less than isolated respiratory failure in risk predictive modeling of acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Renal failure Respiratory failure Organ failure Acute pancreatitis Clinical outcomes

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