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Effect of glycerol on densification of agricultural biomass

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第1期8卷 64-73页

作者： Shahram Emami Lope G Tabil phani adapa Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A8 Canada Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9 Canada Global Institute for Water Security University of SaskatchewanNational Hydrology Research Centre11 Innovation BoulevardSaskatoonSK S7N 3H5 Canada

Experiments were conducted to verify the effect of adding glycerol for pelleting of selected agricultural crop residues,namely,wheat,barley,oat and canola *** pelleting tests were conducted to study the effect of biomass type,hammer mill screen size,and crude glycerol content(co-product of biodiesel industry)on pellet quality(density and durability),ash content and gross heat of *** types of biomass were ground at three different hammer mill screen sizes of 6.4,3.2 and 1.6 *** biomass was mixed with three levels of glycerol of 2.5%,5.0%and 7.5% by *** were made at a pre-set load of 4400 N(138.9 MPa)using single-pelleting unit attached to an Instron testing *** of pellets was determined by measuring pellet density,relaxed density,durability(measured by pellet drop test)and specific energy required to make a *** gross heat of combustion and ash content of pellets were also determined and *** highest pellet density(988-1133 kg/m^(3))and relaxed density(992-1142 kg/m^(3))were obtained from biomass ground using a hammer mill screen size of 6.4 mm.A decrease in hammer mill screen size resulted in reduced *** highest durability of biomass obtained from hammer mill screen size of 6.4 mm ranged from 97%-100%.Addition of glycerol resulted in lower ash content in majority of *** highest gross heat of combustion was observed in pellets made from wheat straw with 7.5% glycerol content(38.3 MJ/kg).Addition of glycerol resulted in lower pellet densities,lower ash content,no change in durability and higher gross heating values.

关键词： biomass biofuels glycerol pelleting caloric value heating value

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Pelleting characteristics of selected biomass with and without steam explosion pretreatment

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2010年第3期3卷 62-79页

作者： phani adapa Lope Tabil Greg Schoenau Anthony Opoku Department of Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada S7N 5A9 Department of Mechanical Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanadaS7N 5A9

Processing and densification of agricultural biomass into high density and durable pellets are critical to facilitate handling,storage and *** pelleting experiments were designed to conduct single and pilot scale pelleting of non-treated and steam exploded barley,canola,oat and wheat straw grinds acquired from 6.4,3.2,1.6 and 0.8 mm hammer mill screen sizes at 10%moisture content(wb).Single-pelleting was performed by applying compression pressures of 31.6,63.2,94.7,and 138.9 MPa using a close-fit plunger die assembly(die length 135.3 mm and diameter of(6.30±0.5)mm).During pilot scale pelleting,customization of ground straw material was performed by adding steam exploded biomass in increments of 25%to non-treated ground straw for respective biomass at specific grind *** straw samples were conditioned to 17.5%moisture content and 10%flaxseed oil was added to increase the bulk density and flowability of grinds,which resulted in the production of *** quality of pellets from single pelleting experiments was ascertained by measuring their respective density and *** addition,the change in pellet density was measured after a storage period of one month to determine its dimensional *** was determined that applied pressure and pre-treatment were significant factors affecting the pellet ***,bigger grind sizes and lower applied pressures resulted in higher pellet relaxations(lower pellet densities)during storage of *** pilot scale pellet mill produced pellets from ground non-treated straw at hammer mill screen sizes of 0.8 and 1.6 mm and customized samples having 25%steam exploded straw at 0.8 *** was observed that the pellet bulk density and particle density are positively *** density and durability of agricultural straw pellets significantly increased with decrease in hammer mill screen size from 1.6 mm to 0.8 *** of agricultural straw by adding 25%of steam exploded straw by weigh

关键词： biofuels biomass density durability pelleting specific energy steam explosion pretreatment

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Factors affecting the quality of biomass pellet for biofuel and energy analysis of pelleting process

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第2期6卷 1-12页

作者： phani K.adapa Lope G.Tabil Greg J.Schoenau Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A9 SKCanada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A9 SKCanada

Agricultural biomass residue such as barley,canola,oat and wheat straw has the potential to be used for sustainable production of bio-fuels and offset greenhouse gas *** biomass substrate must be processed and handled in an efficient manner in order to reduce industry’s operational cost as well as meet the requirement of raw material for biofuel *** has low bulk density,making it difficult and costly to store and transport in its native loose ***,in this study,an integrated approach to densification of non-treated and steam exploded barley,canola,oat and wheat straw was *** this process,the significance of major contributing factors(independent variables such as biomass type,treatment,pressure and grind size)on pellet density,durability and specific energy were *** has been found that applied pressure(60.4%)was the most significant factor affecting pellet density followed by the application of steam explosion pre-treatment(39.4%)for lab-scale single pelleting ***,the type of biomass(47.1%)is the most significant factor affecting durability followed by the application of pre-treatment(38.2%)and grind size(14.6%)for pellets manufactured using the pilot-scale pellet ***,applied pressure(58.3%)was the most significant factor affecting specific energy required to manufacture pellets followed by the biomass(15.3%),pre-treatment(13.3%)and grind size(13.2%),which had lower but similar effect on specific energy for lab-scale single pelleting *** energy analysis of post-harvest processing and densification of agricultural straw was performed,which showed that a significant portion of original agricultural biomass energy(89%-94%)is available for the production of ***,similar amount of specific energy is required to produce pellets from barley,canola,oat and wheat straw *** pellets having steam exploded straw required more energy to manufacture resulting

关键词： biofuel biomass steam explosion pretreatment pelleting specific energy barley straw canola straw oat straw wheat straw

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Effect of fuel additives on agricultural straw pellet quality

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第2期7卷 92-100页

作者： Shahram Emami Lope G.Tabil phani adapa Elizabeth George Ashwini Tilay Ajay Dalai Mark Drisdelle Lily Ketabi Department of Plant Science University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSKS7N 5A8Canada Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada Global Institute for Water Security University of Saskatchewan11 Innovation BoulevardSaskatoonSK S7N 3H5Canada Evergreen Biofuels Inc. 129 Como GardensHudsonQC J0P 1H0Canada

An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of addition of different levels of AK2,a fuel additive that reduces ash fusion for agricultural biomass,on the physico-chemical properties of biomass *** different biomass straws,barley,oat,and wheat were ground at two hammer mill screen sizes of 0.8 mm and 1.6 *** ground biomass sample was mixed with three levels of AK2,0.05%,0.10%,and 0.15%by mass and also a blank(no AK2)was set aside for *** were made using single-pelleting unit at a pre-set load of 4400 N corresponding to a pressure of 138.9 *** quality of pellets were determined by measuring pellet density,relaxed density,durability,and the specific energy required to make a *** having higher durability values(74%-88%)were obtained from ground straw at hammer screen size of 0.8 mm and AK2 level of 0.15%compared to other ***,hydrogen,nitrogen,and sulfur content of blank pellets and those with 0.15%AK2 at hammer screen size of 0.8 mm were *** made with 0.15%AK2 at hammer screen size of 0.8 mm,manufactured by pilot-scale pellet mill,were gasified and the tar content was *** tar content of pellets with 0.15%AK2 was significantly lower than blank pellets.

关键词： biomass biofuels slag foul pelleting fuel additive

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A Study on Outlier Detection and Feature Engineering Strategies in Machine Learning for Heart Disease Prediction

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第5期48卷 1085-1112页

作者： Varada Rajkumar Kukkala Surapaneni phani Praveen Naga Satya Koti Mani Kumar Tirumanadham Parvathaneni Naga Srinivasu Department of Computer Science&Engineering(AIML) MLR Institute of TechnologyHyderabad500043India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Prasad V.Potluri Siddhartha Institute of TechnologyVijayawada520007India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Sir C.R.Reddy College of EngineeringEluru534001India Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmaravati522503India Department of Teleinformatics Engineering Federal University of CearáFortaleza60455-970Brazil

This paper investigates the application ofmachine learning to develop a response model to cardiovascular problems and the use of AdaBoost which incorporates an application of Outlier Detection methodologies namely;Z-Score incorporated with GreyWolf Optimization(GWO)as well as Interquartile Range(IQR)coupled with Ant Colony Optimization(ACO).Using a performance index,it is shown that when compared with the Z-Score and GWO with AdaBoost,the IQR and ACO,with AdaBoost are not very accurate(89.0%vs.86.0%)and less discriminative(Area Under the Curve(AUC)score of 93.0%vs.91.0%).The Z-Score and GWO methods also outperformed the others in terms of precision,scoring 89.0%;and the recall was also found to be satisfactory,scoring 90.0%.Thus,the paper helps to reveal various specific benefits and drawbacks associated with different outlier detection and feature selection techniques,which can be important to consider in further improving various aspects of diagnostics in cardiovascular ***,these findings can enhance the knowledge of heart disease prediction and patient treatment using enhanced and innovativemachine learning(ML)*** findings when combined improve patient therapy knowledge and cardiac disease prediction through the use of cutting-edge and improved machine learning *** work lays the groundwork for more precise diagnosis models by highlighting the benefits of combining multiple optimization *** studies should focus on maximizing patient outcomes and model efficacy through research on these combinations.

关键词： Grey wolf optimization ant colony optimization Z-Score interquartile range(IQR) AdaBoost outlier

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Tensor-structured algorithm for reduced-order scaling large-scale Kohn–Sham density functional theory calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 448-456页

作者： Chih-Chuen Lin phani Motamarri Vikram Gavini Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Computational and Data Sciences Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

We present a tensor-structured algorithm for efficient large-scale density functional theory(DFT)calculations by constructing a Tucker tensor basis that is adapted to the Kohn–Sham Hamiltonian and localized in *** proposed approach uses an additive separable approximation to the Kohn–Sham Hamiltonian and an L1 localization technique to generate the 1-D localized functions that constitute the Tucker tensor *** results show that the resulting Tucker tensor basis exhibits exponential convergence in the ground-state energy with increasing Tucker ***,the proposed tensor-structured algorithm demonstrated sub-quadratic scaling with system-size for both systems with and without a gap,and involving many thousands of *** reduced-order scaling has also resulted in the proposed approach outperforming plane-wave DFT implementation for systems beyond 2000 electrons.

关键词： tensor scaling functional

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CD74:a prospective marker for reactive microglia?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2673-2674页

作者： phani Sankar Potru Björn Spittau Anatomy and Cell Biology Medical School OWLBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany(Potru PS)Faculty of BiologyBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany

Cluster of differentiation 74(CD74),also called as major histocompatibility complex class Ⅱ(MHCⅡ)invariant chain,is involved in trafficking MHCⅡ cell surface molecules on antigen-presenting cells and has been implicated in many signaling *** example,the interaction between CD74 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor cyto kine(MIF) leads to the activation of a plethora of pathways such as extracellular regulated protein kinases,phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

关键词： CD74 prospective MHCⅡ

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Terminalia arjuna bark extract attenuates picrotoxin-induced behavioral changes by activation of serotonergic,dopaminergic,GABAergic and antioxidant systems

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第8期15卷 584-596页

作者： Chandra Sekhar Y phani Kumar G Anilakumar K.R. Applied Nutrition Division Defence Food Research LaboratoryDRDOMysore-570011KarnatakaIndia

Stress and emotion are associated with several illnesses from headaches to heart diseases and immune deficiencies to central nervous system. Terminalia arjuna has been referred as traditional Indian medicine for several ailments. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of T. arjuna bark extract(TA) against picrotoxin-induced anxiety. Forty two male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into six experimental groups(n = 7): control, diazepam(1.5 mg·kg^(–1)), picrotoxin(1 mg·kg^(–1)) and three TA treatemt groups(25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). Behavioral paradigms and PCR studies were performed to determine the effect of TA against picrotoxin-induced anxiety. The results showed that TA supplementation increased locomotion towards open arm(EPM) and illuminated area(light-dark box test), and increased rearing frequency(open field test) in a dose dependent manner, compared to picrotoxin(P < 0.05). Furthermore, TA increased number of licks and shocks in Vogel's conflict. PCR studies showed an up-regulation of several genes, such as BDNF, IP_3, D_2L, CREB, GABAA, SOD, GPx, and GR in TA administered groups. In conclusion, alcoholic extract of TA bark showed protective activity against picrotoxin in mice by modulation of genes related to synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitters, and antioxidant enzymes.

关键词： Anxiety Terminalia arjuna Gene expression Picrotoxin Neurotransmitters LC-MS

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Cold dwell behaviour of Ti6Al alloy:Understanding load shedding using digital image correlation and dislocation based crystal plasticity simulations

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 254-272页

作者： Yi Xiong NicolòGrilli phani S.Karamched Bo-Shiuan Li Edmund Tarleton Angus J.Wilkinson Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX13PHUnited Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BristolQueen’s BuildingUniversity WalkBristolUnited Kingdom Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX13PJUnited Kingdom

Digital image correlation(DIC)and dislocation based crystal plasticity simulation were utilised to study cold dwell behaviour in a coarse grain Ti-6Al alloy at 3 different temperatures up to 230℃.Strains extracted from large volume grains were measured during creep by DIC and were used to calibrate the crystal plasticity *** values of critical resolved shear stresses(CRSS)of the two main slip systems(basal and prismatic)were determined as a function of *** along paths across the boundaries of four grain pairs,three“rogue”grain pairs and one“non-rogue”grain pair,were determined at different *** load shedding was observed in one of the“rogue”grain pairs,where a stress increment during the creep period was found in the“hard”grain.A minor load shedding mechanism was observed in two non-typical“rogue”grain pairs,in which the plastic deformation is nonuniform inside the grains and geometrically necessary dislocations accumulate in the centre of the *** elevated temperatures,120℃was found to be the worst case scenario as the stress difference at the grain boundaries of these four grain pairs was found to be the largest among the three temperatures *** origin of this critical temperature is debated in the literature and it is investigated for the first time in the present work by analysing the simultaneous effects of the geometrically necessary dislocations(GND)and the strain rate sensitivity(SRS)of the slip *** analysis shows that the combined effects of the peak SRS of both prismatic and basal slip systems at 80℃and of the increase of the spread of the GND distribution around the grain boundary at higher temperatures are the origin of the observed worst case scenario.

关键词： Cold dwell fatigue Digital image correlation Crystal plasticity Load shedding Titanium alloy

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Drugs as causative agents and therapeutic agents in inflammatory bowel disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2013年第5期3卷 289-296页

作者： phani Krishna Kondamudi Rajkumar Malayandi Chandramohan Eaga Deepika Aggarwal Centre of Excellence-Bio Studies Integrated Product Development OrganizationIPDO-Innovation PlazaAndhra Pradesh 500072India

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are collectively known as inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)which are chronic inflammatory disorders of gastrointestinal *** etiopathogenesis of IBD has been extensively studied but not fully *** advances in physiology,molecular biology and pharmacology have provided some insight into the basic etiopathogenetic causes such as genetic,immunologic,*** review focuses on drugs involved in the cause of the disease and the investigational new drugs,current therapeutic strategies and their clinical benefits.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Drug therapy

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