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The influence of terrain age and altitude on the arthropod communities found on recently deglaciated terrain

Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 203-220页

作者： Markus FRANZEN petra dieker UFZ Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research Department of Community Ecology Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4 D-06120Halle (Saale) Germany Centre for Methods Leuphana University Lfineburg Scharnhorststrage 1 D-21335 Liineburg Germany

Climate warming has been more pronounced in the Arctic than elsewhere, resulting in a recent rapid glacial retreat. Over 85% of the Almajallojekna glacier has disappeared over the last 115 years and it is one of the fastest retreating glaciers in Sweden. In 2011 and 2012, at 18 sites in the vicinity of the remaining glacier network, we sampled arthropods and related the species richness, abundance and proportion of herbivores to altitude （ranging from 824 to 1,524 m.a.s.1.） and the age of the site （ranging from 0 to 〉 115 years）. Temperature was measured at six sites and the average annual air temperature ranged from -3.7℃ to 1.1℃. In total, we recorded 3,705 arthropods from 117 species in nine different taxonomic groups. The most abundant and species-rich group was Coleoptera （1,381 individuals, 41 species） followed by Araneae （1,050 individuals, 15 species） and Macrolepidoptera （732 individuals, 17 species）. Only at lower altitudes did the abundance and species richness of arthropods increase with increasing age of the site. The results were consistent among the studied taxonomic groups and when controlling for sam- piing intensity using two different approaches. The proportion of herbivores decreased with increasing age of the site and with increasing altitude. Clearly, altitude appears more important than the age of the site and, at higher altitudes, abundance, species richness and herbivory are low [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 203-220, 2014].

关键词： Climate change Glacier foreland Emerging communities Insects and arachnids Subarctic environment Speciesrichness

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Tuning the crystallinity of titanium nitride on copper-embedded carbon nanofiber interlayers for accelerated electrochemical kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 40-55页

作者： Yinyu Xiang Liqiang Lu Feng Yan Debarun Sengupta petra Rudolf Ajay Giri Prakash Kottapalli Yutao Pei Advanced Production Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands

The development of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries is hindered by the disadvantages of shuttling of polysulfides and the sluggish redox kinetics of the conversion of sulfur species during discharge and ***,the crystallinities of a titanium nitride(TiN)film on copper-embedded carbon nanofibers(Cu-CNFs)are regulated and the nanofibers are used as interlayers to resolve the aforementioned crucial issues.A low-crystalline TiN-coated Cu-CNF(L-TiN-Cu-CNF)interlayer is compared with its highly crystalline counterpart(H-TiN-Cu-CNFs).It is demonstrated that the L-TiN coating not only strengthens the chemical adsorption toward polysulfides but also greatly accelerates the electrochemical conversion of *** to robust carbon frameworks and enhanced kinetics,impressive highrate performance at 2 C(913 mAh g^(-1)based on sulfur)as well as remarkable cyclic stability up to 300 cycles(626 mAh g^(-1))with capacity retention of 46.5%is realized for L-TiN-Cu-CNF interlayer-configured Li-S *** under high loading(3.8 mg cm^(-2))of sulfur and relatively lean electrolyte(10μL electrolyte per milligram sulfur)conditions,the Li-S battery equipped with L-TiN-Cu-CNF interlayers delivers a high capacity of 1144 mAh g^(-1)with cathodic capacity of 4.25 mAh cm^(-2)at 0.1 C,providing a potential pathway toward the design of multifunctional interlayers for highly efficient Li-S batteries.

关键词： crystallinity electrochemical kinetics interlayer lithium-sulfur batteries titanium nitride

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Efficient scar-free knock-ins of several kilobases in plants by engineered CRISPR-Cas endonucleases

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 824-837页

作者： Tom Schreiber Anja Prange petra Schafer Thomas Iwen Ramona Grutzner Sylvestre Marillonnet Aurelie Lepage Marie Javelle Wyatt Paul Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Limagrain Centre de RechercheRoute d’EnnezatCS 9012663720 ChappesFrance

In plants and mammals,non-homologous end-joining is the dominant pathway to repair DNA doublestrand breaks,making it challenging to generate knock-in *** this study,we identified two groups of exonucleases from the herpes virus and the bacteriophage T7 families that conferred an up to 38-fold increase in homology-directed repair frequencies when fused to Cas9/Cas12a in a tobacco mosaic virus-based transient assay in Nicotiana *** achieved precise and scar-free insertion of several kilobases of DNA both in transient and stable transformation *** Arabidopsis thaliana,fusion of Cas9 to a herpes virus family exonuclease led to 10-fold higher frequencies of knock-ins in the first generation of *** addition,we demonstrated stable and heritable knock-ins in wheat in 1%of the primary *** together,our results open perspectives for the routine production of heritable knock-in and gene replacement events in plants.

关键词： homology-directed repair knockin gene replacement CRISPR-Cas 50 exonuclease plants

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An integrated microfluidic platform for nucleic acid testing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 181-194页

作者： Antao Sun petra Vopařilová Xiaocheng Liu Bingqian Kou TomášŘezníček TomášLednický Sheng Ni JiříKudr Ondřej Zítka Zdenka Fohlerová Petr Pajer Haoqing Zhang Pavel Neužil Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University127 West Youyi RoadXi’anShaanxi 710072P.R.China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in BrnoZemědělská161300 BrnoCzech Republic ITD Tech s.r.o Osvoboditelů100573581 BohumínCzech Republic Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of TechnologyPurkyňova 123Brno 61200Czech Republic Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina Department of Microelectronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and CommunicationBrno University of TechnologyTechnická3058/10Brno 61600Czech Republic Military Health Institute U Vojenskénemocnice 120016200 Praha 6Czech Republic The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710049P.R.China Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center(BEBC) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049P.R.China

This study presents a rapid and versatile low-cost sample-to-answer system for SARS-CoV-2 *** system integrates the extraction and purification of nucleic acids,followed by amplification via either reverse transcriptionquantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT–qPCR)or reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT–LAMP).By meeting diverse diagnostic and reagent needs,the platform yields testing results that closely align with those of commercial RT-LAMP and RT‒qPCR *** advantages of our system include its speed and *** assay is completed within 28 min,including sample loading(5 min),ribonucleic acid(RNA)extraction(3 min),and RT-LAMP(20 min).The cost of each assay is≈$9.5,and this pricing is competitive against that of Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved commercial *** some RNA loss during on-chip extraction is observed,the platform maintains a potential limit of detection lower than 297 *** makes the system particularly useful in environments where centralized laboratories are either unavailable or inconveniently *** key feature is the platform’s versatility,allowing users to choose between RT‒qPCR or RT‒LAMP tests based on specific requirements.

关键词： testing maintain versatile

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Biological characteristics and clinical management of uveal and conjunctival melanoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1265-1285页

作者： SNJEŽANA KAŠTELAN ANA DIDOVIĆPAVIČIĆ DARIA PAŠALIĆ TAMARA NIKUŠEVA-MARTIĆ SAMIRČANOVIĆ petra KOVAČEVIĆ SUZANA KONJEVODA School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Department of Ophthalmology Clinical Hospital DubravaZagreb10000Croatia Department of Ophthalmology Zadar General HospitalZadar23000Croatia Department of Medical Chemistry Biochemistry and Clinical ChemistrySchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Department of Biology and Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia School of Medicine University of SplitSplit21000Croatia Department of Health Studies University of ZadarZadar23000Croatia

Uveal and conjunctival melanomas are relatively rare tumors;nonetheless,they pose a signiﬁcant risk of mortality for a large number of affected *** pathogenesis of melanoma at different sites is very similar,however,the prognosis for patients with ocular melanoma remains unfavourable,primarily due to its distinctive genetic proﬁle and tumor *** of considerable advances in understanding the genetic characteristics and biological behaviour,the treatment of uveal and conjunctival melanoma remains a formidable *** enhance the prospect of success,collaborative efforts involving medical professionals and researchers in theﬁelds of ocular biology and oncology are *** data show a lack of well-designed randomized clinical trials and limited beneﬁts in current forms of treatment for these *** advancements in the development of effective melanoma therapeutic strategies,all current treatments for uveal melanoma(UM)and conjunctival melanoma(CoM)remain unsatisfactory,resulting in a poor long-term *** trials offer hope for positive outcomes in advanced and metastatic tumors.A more comprehensive understanding of the genetic and molecular abnormalities involved in the development and progression of ocular melanomas opens the way for the development of personalized therapy,with various potential therapeutic targets currently under *** comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis of UM and CoM and their speciﬁcities may aid in the development of new and more effective systemic therapeutic agents,with the hope of improving the prognosis for patients with metastatic disease.

关键词： Uveal melanoma Conjunctival melanoma Genetic characteristics Immune checkpoint inhibitors Target molecular inhibitors

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Fetal lung growth predicts the risk for early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 481-495页

作者： Dimitra E.Zazara Olympia Giannou Steven Schepanski Mirja Pagenkemper Anastasios D.Giannou Maike Pincus Ioannis Belios Stefan Bonn Ania C.Muntau Kurt Hecher Anke Diemert petra Clara Arck Division for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)Martinistraße 5220251HamburgGermany University Children’s Hospital UKEHamburgGermany Computer Engineering and Informatics Department Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg(ZMNH)UKEHamburgGermany Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine UKEHamburgGermany Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUKEHamburgGermany Section of Molecular Immunology and Gastroenterology Ⅰ.Department of MedicineUKEHamburgGermany Pediatrics and Pediatric Pneumology Practice BerlinGermany Institute of Medical Systems Biology ZMNHUKEHamburgGermany Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology UKEHamburgGermany

Background Early-life respiratory infections and asthma are major health burdens during *** predicting an increased risk for early-life respiratory diseases are ***,we identified the predictive value of ultrasound-monitored fetal lung growth for the risk of early-life respiratory infections and *** Fetal lung size was serially assessed at standardized time points by transabdominal ultrasound in pregnant women participating in a pregnancy *** between fetal lung growth and respiratory infections in infancy or early-onset asthma at five years were ***-learning models relying on extreme gradient boosting regressor or classifier algorithms were developed to predict respiratory infection or asthma risk based on fetal lung *** model development and validation,study participants were randomly divided into a training and a testing group,respectively,by the employed *** Enhanced fetal lung growth throughout pregnancy predicted a lower early-life respiratory infection *** sex was associated with a higher risk for respiratory infections in *** lung growth could also predict the risk of asthma at five years of *** designed three machine-learning models to predict the risk and number of infections in infancy as well as the risk of early-onset *** models’R2 values were 0.92,0.90 and 0.93,respectively,underscoring a high accuracy and agreement between the actual and predicted *** variables included known risk factors and novel predictors,such as ultrasound-monitored fetal lung *** Sonographic monitoring of fetal lung growth allows to predict the risk for early-life respiratory infections and asthma.

关键词： Asthma Child risk Early-life respiratory infections Prenatal lung development Sexual dimorphism

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Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors effects on myocardial function in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic heart failure

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第8期16卷 448-457页

作者： petra GrubićRotkvić Luka Rotkvić AnaĐuzelČokljat Maja Cigrovski Berković Department of Cardiology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Cardiology Magdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular DiseaseKrapinske Toplice 49217Croatia Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital DubrovnikDubrovnik 20000Croatia Department for Sport and Exercise Medicine University of Zagreb Faculty of KinesiologyZagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)have shown efficacy in reducing heart failure(HF)burden in a very heterogeneous groups of patients,raising doubts about some contemporary assumptions of their mechanism of *** previously published a prospective observational study that evaluated mechanisms of action of SGLT2i in patients with type 2 diabetes who were in HF stages A and B on dual hypoglycemic *** groups of patients were included in the study:the ones receiving SGLT2i as an add-on agent to metformin and the others on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as an add-on to metformin due to suboptimal glycemic *** To evaluate the outcomes regarding natriuretic peptide,oxidative stress,inflammation,blood pressure,heart rate,cardiac function,and body *** The study outcomes were examined by dividing each treatment arm into two subgroups according to baseline parameters of global longitudinal strain(GLS),N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,myeloperoxidase(MPO),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP),and systolic and diastolic blood *** evaluate the possible predictors of observed changes in the SGLT2i arm during follow-up,a rise in stroke volume index,body mass index(BMI)decrease,and lack of heart rate increase,linear regression analysis was *** There was a greater reduction of MPO,hsCRP,GLS,and blood pressure in the groups with higher baseline values of mentioned parameters irrespective of the therapeutic arm after 6 months of *** independent predictors of heart rate decrease were a reduction in early mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity at the interventricular septal annulus ratio and BMI,while the predictor of stroke volume index increase was SGLT2i therapy *** SGLT2i affect body composition,reduce cardiac load,improve diastolic/systolic function,and attenuate the sympathetic *** control contributes to the i

关键词： Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors Type 2 diabetes mellitus Heart failure Diabetic cardiomyopathy Cardiovascular disease

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高效节能的污泥干化处理方案

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流程工业 2024年第1期 28-29页

作者： petra Schlachter Harter干燥技术公司

欧洲一些法律规定从2029年起,在污泥中提取磷的过程中,需要保持污泥的干燥状态。然而,传统的污泥干化方法耗费大量能源,成本过高。利用冷凝干化技术可以帮助污水处理厂降低能耗和成本,奥地利某污水处理协会的试点项目展示了该技术的应... 详细信息

欧洲一些法律规定从2029年起,在污泥中提取磷的过程中,需要保持污泥的干燥状态。然而,传统的污泥干化方法耗费大量能源,成本过高。利用冷凝干化技术可以帮助污水处理厂降低能耗和成本,奥地利某污水处理协会的试点项目展示了该技术的应用方式。

关键词：污水处理厂污泥干化干燥状态干化技术高效节能技术的应用试点项目奥地利

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Plant growth and soil microbial community structure of legumes and grasses grown in monoculture or mixture

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1231-1237页

作者： MARSCHNER petra Soil and Land System School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5005 Australia

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the in?uence of soil moisture content on plant growth and the rhizosphere microbial community structure of four plant species (white clover, alfalfa, sudan grass, tall fescue), grown individually or in a mixture. The soil moisture content was adjusted to 55% or 80% water holding capacity (WHC). The results indicated that the total plant biomass of one pot was lower at 55% WHC. At a given soil moisture, the total plant biomass of white clover and tall ...

关键词： legumes grasses the Chinese Loess Plateau microbial communities phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA)

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Clay Addition to Sandy Soil Influence of Clay Type and Size on Nutrient Availability in Sandy Soils Amended with Residues Differing in C/N ratio

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 293-305页

作者： Shermeen TAHIR petra MARSCHNER School of Agriculture Food and Wine The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 (Australia)

Addition of clay-rich subsoil to sandy soil results in heterogeneous soil with clay peds （2-mm） or finely ground （〈 2 mm） clay soil （FG）, which may affect the nutrient availability. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of clay soil particle size （FG or peds） and properties on nutrient availability and organic C binding in sandy soil after addition of residues with low （young kikuyu grass, KG） or high （faba bean, FB） C/N ratio. Two clay soils with high and low smectite percentage, clay and exchangeable Fe and A1 were added to a sandy soil at a rate of 20% （weight/weight） either as FG or peds. Over 45 d, available N and P as well as microbial biomass N and P concentrations and cumulative respiration were greater in soils with residues of KG than FB. For soils with KG residues, clay addition increased available N and initial microbial biomass C and N concentrations, but decreased cumulative respiration and P availability compared to sandy soil without clay. Differences in measured parameters between clay type and size were inconsistent and varied with time except the increase in total organic C in the 〈 53 μm fraction during the experiment, which was greater for soils with FG than with peds. We concluded that the high exchangeable Fe and A1 concentrations in the low-smectite clay soil can compensate a lower clay concentration and proportion of smectite with respect to binding of organic matter and nutrients.

关键词： Fe and A1 oxides finely ground clay soil mineralogy organic C binding peds smectite

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