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Inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatitis C

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第2期26卷 109-133页

作者： Sudeep Tanwar Freya Rhodes Ankur Srivastava paul m Trembling William m Rosenberg UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonRoyal Free CampusHampsteadLondon NW32PF United Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Whipps Cross University HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLeytonstoneLondon E111NRUnited Kingdom

At present chronic liver disease(CLD),the third commonest cause of premature death in the United Kingdom is detected late,when interventions are ineffective,resulting in considerable morbidity and *** to the liver,the largest solid organ in the body,leads to a cascade of inflammatory *** inflammation leads to the activation of hepatic stellate cells that undergo transdifferentiation to become myofibroblasts,the main extra-cellular matrix producing cells in the liver;over time increased extra-cellular matrix production results in the formation of liver *** fibrogenesis may be viewed as having evolved as a“wound healing”process that preserves tissue integrity,sustained chronic fibrosis can become pathogenic culminating in CLD,cirrhosis and its associated *** the reference standard for detecting liver fibrosis,liver biopsy,is invasive and has an associated morbidity,the diagnostic assessment of CLD by non-invasive testing is ***,in this review the mechanisms by which liver inflammation and fibrosis develop in chronic liver diseases are explored to identify appropriate and meaningful diagnostic targets for clinical *** to differing disease prevalence and treatment efficacy,disease specific diagnostic targets are required to optimally manage individual CLDs such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis C *** facilitate this,a review of the pathogenesis of both conditions is also ***,the evidence for hepatic fibrosis regression and the mechanisms by which this occurs are discussed,including the current use of antifibrotic therapy.

关键词： Liver inflammation Fibrosis Cirrhosis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Chronic hepatitis C Chronic liver disease Anti-fibrotic Biomarker

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Comprehensive validation of a diagnostic strategy for sequencing genes with one or multiple pseudogenes using pseudoxanthoma elasticum as a model

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第4期48卷 289-299页

作者： Wouter Steyaert Shana Verschuere paul J.Coucke Olivier m.Vanakker Center for medical Genetics Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium bDepartment of Biomolecular medicine Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium Department of Human Genetics Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands

Pseudogenes are frequently encountered noncoding sequences with a high sequence similarity to their protein-coding *** this reason,their presence is often considered troublesome in molecular *** pseudoxanthoma elasticum(PXE),a disease predominantly caused by mutations in ATPbinding cassette family C member 6(ABCC6),the presence of two pseudogenes complicates the analysis of sequence *** whole-exome sequencing(WES)becoming the standard of care in molecular diagnostics,we wanted to evaluate whether this technique is as reliable as gene-specific targeted enrichment analysis for the analysis of *** established a PCR-based targeted enrichment and next-generation sequencing testing approach and demonstrated that the ABCC6-specific enrichment combined with the applied mapping algorithm overcomes the complication of ABCC6 pseudogene aspecificities,contrary to *** propose a time-and cost-efficient diagnostic strategy for comprehensive and accurate molecular genetic testing of PXE,which is highly automatable.

关键词： Pseudoxanthoma elasticum ABCC6 Pseudogenes Next-generation sequencing Whole-exome sequencing Targeted enrichment

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On the Contribution of Wu Wen-Tsün to Algebraic Topology

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第1期32卷 3-36页

作者： BRASSELET Jean-paul I2m (CNRS)-Aix-marseille University

The aim of this article is to present the contribution of Wu Wen-Tsün to Algebraic Topology and more precisely to the theory of characteristic classes. Several papers provide complete and welldocumented biography and academic career of Wu Wen-Tsün, in particular, Hudecek, 2014; O'Connor and Robertson, 2006; Wen-Tsün Wu's Academic Career, 2006; Selected works of Wen-Tsun Wu, *** author does not repeat the details provided in these papers concerning the Wu Wen-Tsün's bibliography, we will just mention people involved in the Wu Wen-Tsün's period in *** addition to Wu Wen-Tsün's papers, the Dieudonné's book(Dieudonné, 1960) provides an excellent presentation of main results of Wu Wen-Tsün in Algebraic and Differential Topology. The author will use and abuse of this book(and refer to) when *** the introduction, the author recalls mainly historical facts concerning the contribution of Wu Wen-Tsün to Algebraic Topology. The second section shows speci?cally the contribution of Wu WenTsün to the Stiefel-Whitney classes and introduces the third section, dealing with the(real) Wu *** author provides de?nition, properties as well as further developments and generalizations of the Wu classes. The fourth and ?fth sections are devoted to recent applications: In Cobordism theory and in mathematical Physics. The author notices that Wu classes have been used as well in other domains,in particular surgery theory(madsen and milgram, 1979). The last section concerns the complex Wu classes and shows that the more recent mather classes coincide with the previously de?ned complex Wu classes, that is a result from Zhou(1994)(see also Liu, 1996).This article is devoted to the contribution of Wu Wen-Tsün to the theory of Characteristic Classes,which coincides with his "French period"(1947–1951). However, speaking of Algebraic Topology, it is worthwhile to mention the important contribution of Wu Wen-Tsün to the Theory of realization of complexes or manifolds in Eucl

关键词： Algebraic topology characteristic class cobordism theory mathematical physics Wu Class

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The REDS program in China:a collaboration on blood safety with Chinese blood centers and Johns Hopkins medicine

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中国输血杂志 2012年第10期25卷 942-943页

作者： paul m.Ness Johns Hopkins medical Institutions Baltimore MarylandUSA

The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) was established in 1989 with funding from the National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute ( NHLBI ) of the National Institutes of Health in the United *** initial program coordinated activities in five large US blood centers in San Francisco,Los Angeles,Oklahoma City,Detroit,and Baltimore with a coordinating center Westat in Rockville mD.

关键词：旧金山美国国立卫生研究院血液中国逆转录病毒电影大学安全

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Red cell transfusion trigger-avoiding the highs and the lows

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中国输血杂志 2010年第10期23卷 834-835页

作者： paul m.Ness Transfusion medicine Division Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimore Maryland USA

One of the most vexing problems in AIHA is handling the acute situation where all blood is incompatible and the patient has severe,worsening anemia. Since the panagglutinin in the patient's serum typically reacts with all donor red cells,crossmatching donor blood is a difficult and time consuming process and probably of little benefit. The most pressing problem in a patient with previous pregnancies or transfusions is detecting alloantibody which may be hidden by the autoantibody. Sophisticated immunohematology laboratories can use a combination of procedures including differential adsorption and warm autoadsorption to identify underlying alloantibodies.

关键词：输血红细胞触发自身抗体工业卫生细胞反应抗体检测血液学

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Combined administration of platelet rich plasma and autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate for spinal cord injury: a descriptive case series

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 362-366页

作者： Joseph A.Shehadi Steven m.Elzein paul Beery m.Chance Spalding michelle Pershing Section of Neurosurgery at OhioHealth Grant medical Center Cedar Stem Cell InstituteColumbusOHUSA The Ohio State University College of medicine ColumbusOHUSA Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery OhioHealth Grant Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA OhioHealth Research Institute ColumbusOHUSA

Administration of platelet rich plasma(PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BmAC) has shown some promise in the treatment of neurological conditions;however, there is limited information on combined administration. As such, the purpose of this study was to assess safety and functional outcomes for patients administered combined autologous PRP and BmAC for spinal cord injury(SCI). This retrospective case series included seven patients who received combined treatment of autologous PRP and BmAC via intravenous and intrathecal administration as salvage therapy for SCI. Patients were reviewed for adverse reactions and clinical outcomes using the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) for up to 1 year, as permitted by availability of follow-up data. Injury levels ranged from C3 through T11, and elapsed time between injury and salvage therapy ranged from 2.4 months to 6.2 years. Post-procedure complications were mild and rare, consisting only of self-limited headache and subjective memory impairment in one patient. Four patients experienced severe disability prior to PRP combined with BmAC injection, as evidenced by high(> 48/100) Oswestry Disability Index scores. Longitudinal Oswestry Disability Index scores for two patients with incomplete SCI at C6 and C7, both of whom had cervical spine injuries, demonstrated a decrease of 28–40% following salvage therapy, representing an improvement from severe to minimal disability. In conclusion, intrathecal/intravenous co-administration of PRP and BmAC resulted in no significant complications and may have had some clinical benefits. Larger clinical studies are needed to further test this method of treatment for patients with SCI who otherwise have limited meaningful treatment options. This study was reviewed and approved by the Ohio Health Institutional Review Board(IRB No. 1204946) on may 16, 2018.

关键词： bone marrow aspirate concentrate cell-based therapy neural regeneration Oswestry Disability Index platelet rich plasma spinal cord injury stem cells

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Computational Investigation of the Effects of Sample Geometry on the Superconducting-Normal Phase Boundary and Vortex-Antivortex States in mesoscopic Superconductors

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第9期6卷 673-698页

作者： Sangbum Kim max Gunzburger Janet peterson Chia-Ren Hu Division of Energy Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwon 442-749Korea Department of Scientific Computing Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32309-4120USA Center for Theoretical Physics Department of PhysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

A computational study of superconducting states near the superconductingnormal phase boundary in mesoscopic finite cylinders is *** computational approach uses a finite element method to find numerical solutions of the linearized Ginzburg-Landau equation for samples with various sizes,aspect ratios,and crosssectional shapes,i.e.,squares,triangles,circles,pentagons,and four star *** vector potential is determined using a finite element method with two penalty terms to enforce the gauge conditions that the vector potential is solenoidal and its normal component vanishes at the surface(s)of the *** eigenvalue problem for the linearized Ginzburg-Landau equations with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions is solved and used to construct the superconducting-normal phase boundary for each ***-antivortex(V-AV)configurations for each sample that accurately reflect the discrete symmetry of each sample boundary were found through the computational *** V-AV configurations are realized just within the phase boundary in the magnetic field-temperature phase *** are made between the results obtained for the different sample shapes.

关键词： Superconductivity nucleation symmetry finite element method

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Hypoxia,vascular smooth muscles and endothelium

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2013年第1期3卷 1-7页

作者： Calvin K.Chan paul m.Vanhoutte Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of BIN Fusion Technology Chonbuk National UniversityJeonjuSouth Korea

Hypoxia,or the lack of oxygen,has multiple impacts on the vascular *** major molecular sensors for hypoxia at the cellular level are hypoxia inducible factor and heme *** also acts on the vasculature directly conveying its damaging effects through disruption of the control of vascular tone,particularly in the coronary circulation,enhancement of inflammatory responses and activation of coagulation *** effects could be particularly detrimental under pathological conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea and other breathing disorders.

关键词： Coronary circulation Contractions Hypoxia Endothelium

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Ferritin acts as a target site for the snowdrop lectin （GNA） in the midgut of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis

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Insect Science 2008年第6期15卷 513-519页

作者： Amin Sadeghi Guy Smagghe paul Proost Els J.m. Van Damme Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology Department of Molecular Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Ghent Rega Institute Laboratory of Molecular Immunology Kathofieke Universiteit Leuven Minderbroedersstraat 10 B-3000 Leuven Belgium

The snowdrop lectin GNA （Galanthus nivalis agglutinin） has been shown to possess insecticidal activity to a range of economically important insect pests. However, the precise mechanism of insecticidal action of GNA against insects remains unknown. In this investigation, we attempted to purify and identify receptor（s） responsible for binding of GNA in the larval midgut of a major lepidopteran pest （the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis） to better understand its mode of action. Therefore, cytoplasmic as well as membrane proteins from 800 larval midguts were chromatographed on a column with immobilized GNA. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the proteins eluted from the GNA column followed by sequencing of the GNA-binding proteins and BLAST analyses revealed that the N-terminal sequences of a 24 kDa polypeptide purified from the cytoplasmic and membrane protein fraction revealed sequence similarity to sequences encoding heavy chain homologs of ferritin from manduca sexta （76% sequence identity）, Calpodes ethlius （80% sequence identity） and Bombyx mori （61% sequence identity）. Furthermore, the N-terminal sequence of a 31 kDa polypeptide from the membrane protein fraction showed sequence similarity to a light chain homolog of ferritin from manduca sexta （88% sequence identity）.

关键词： ferritin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin GNA Lepidoptera midgut receptors Spodoptera littoralis

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Real-time seismology for the 05/12/2008 Wenchuan earthquake of China: A retrospective view

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第2期52卷 155-165页

作者： paul SOmmERVILLE United Research Services Corporation

The devastating 05/12/2008 Wenchuan earthquake (mw7.9) in Sichuan Province of China showed very few precursory phenomena and occurred on a fault system once assigned to be of moderate long term seismic risk. Given the existing coverage of seismograph stations in Sichuan Province, real-time seis-mology could have been effective in avoiding some earthquake damage and helping post-earthquake emergency response. In a retrospective view, we demonstrated that the epicenter can be located with 20 km accuracy using just two broadband stations with three-component, which takes only about 10 s after the onset of the earthquake. Initial magnitude is estimated to be m7 with the Tc measurement over first 4 seconds of P waves. Better magnitude estimate can be obtained within 2 min by modeling Pnl waves for stations about 500 km away where the S waveforms are clipped. The rupture area is well revealed by teleseismically-recorded >m5 early aftershocks within two hours after the mainshock. Within a few hours, teleseismic body waves were inverted to derive a more detailed rupture process and the finite fault model can be readily used to calculate ground motions, thus providing vital information for rescue efforts in the case where no real-time strong motion records are available.

关键词： real-time seismology earthquake early warning strong ground motion rapid location

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