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Maintaining biodiversity will define our long-term success

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Plant Diversity 2020年第4期42卷 211-220页

作者： peter Raven Mathis wackernagel Missouri Botanical Garden 4344 Shaw BlvdSt.LouisMO63110USA Global Footprint Network 1528 Webster StreetSuite 11OaklandCA94612USA

Human beings are not only a part of our planet's ecosystems,but also,they are massively overusing *** makes ecosystem protection,including biodiversity preservation,vital for humanity's *** speed and scale of the threat are unprecedented in human *** long arch of evolution has been confronted with such a high level of human impact,that we are now facing the sixth mass extinction event,66 million years after the last *** threat heightens the imperative for bold human *** paper identifies three strategies for such an ***,and possibly most challenging,human demand needs to be curbed so it fits within the bounds of what Earth's ecosystems can *** meeting this quantitative goal,biodiversity preservation efforts will not be able to get ***,in the transition time,we must focus on those locations and areas where most biodiversity is *** a focus on‘hotspots’will help safeguard the largest portion of biodiversity with least ***,to direct biodiversity preservation strategies,we need to much better document the existence and distribution of biodiversity around the *** information technologies could help with this critical *** conclusion,biodiversity preservation is no longer just a concern for specialized biologist but is becoming a societal necessity if humanity wants to have a stable future.

关键词： Biodiversity Hotspots Biocapacity Conservation strategy

Emerging and Innovative Materials for Hydropower Engineering Applications:Turbines,Bearings,Sealing,Dams and waterways,and Ocean Power

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Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 148-158页

作者： Emanuele Quaranta peter Davies European Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra 21027Italy Marine Structures Laboratory IFREMER Centre BretagnePlouzané29280France

The hydropower sector is currently experiencing several technological *** technologies and practices are emerging to make hydropower more flexible and more *** materials have also been recently developed to increase performance,durability,and reliability;however,no systematic discussions can be found in the ***,in this paper,novel materials for hydropower applications are presented,and their performance,advantages,and limitations are *** example,composites can reduce the weight of steel equipment by 50%to 80%,polymers and superhydrophobic materials can reduce head losses by 4%to 20%,and novel bearing materials can reduce bearing wear by 6%.These improvements determine higher efficiencies,longer life span,waste reduction,and maintenance needs,although the initial cost of some materials is not yet competitive with respect to the costs of traditional *** novel materials are described here based on the following categories:novel materials for turbines,dams and waterways,bearings,seals,and ocean hydropower.

关键词： Bearing Composite Dam Hydropower Material Ocean Seal Turbine

Spatial and Temporal Validation of In-Situ and Satellite weather Data for the South west Agricultural Region of Australia

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第1期36卷 175-192页

作者： Tristan CAMPBELL peter FEARNS Centre for Mine Site Restoration Curtin University of TechnologyWA 6102Australia Remote Sensing and Satellite Research Group Curtin University of TechnologyWA 6102Australia

Seasonal variations in weather have significant impacts on crop *** accuracy of weather data is an important consideration for crop yield *** study uses an independent in-situ weather station network to validate the accuracy of monthly temperature and precipitation data from the in-situ weather station network operated by the Bureau of Meteorology(BOM),interpolated gridded data from this network,and satellite weather data for the South west Agricultural Region of *** region covers five classes of the K?ppen-Geiger climate classification system and is responsible for 10 billion AUD of agricultural produce annually.A strong bias was found for the maximum temperatures in the Copernicus LST(land surface temperature)satellite *** bias was linearly correlated with the in-situ temperature and exceeded 20℃in warmer *** to the bias’s linear nature,a linear correction was able to reduce the root-mean-square error(RMSE)of the Copernicus LST product by 82%.This process was tested for other regions of Australia and,despite some regional differences,a linear correction consistently reduced RMSE by 80%.The validation process demonstrated that the dataset with reliably the lowest RMSE is the gridded weather data calculated from BOM’s in-situ weather *** neighbor in-situ weather stations generally had the next lowest RMSE,followed by weather-station corrected satellite products and lastly the non-weather station corrected satellite *** the in-situ gridded product generally had the lowest RMSE,there were spatial and seasonal *** maximum temperatures were more accurately measured by the bias-corrected Copernicus LST product in the northern and eastern extents(where there is a lower density of BOM in-situ stations).Monthly minimum temperatures from the Copernicus LST product had similar to slightly better RMSE than the Australian water Availability Project(AwAP)product for the southern half of the study ar

关键词： Australian water Availability Project land surface temperature satellite precipitation validation

Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： peter H.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a hallmark feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,there is considerable heterogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and the underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with families harboring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it has become apparent that overt disease is preceded by a prodromal phase,possibly in years,where compensatory mechanisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is sporadic,there is a strong need for identifying biomarkers that can detect this prodromal phase as motor neurons have limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies work by slowing the degenerative process and are most effective early in the *** muscle,including the neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at the earliest stages of the disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of the prodromal *** accessibility of muscle through biopsy provides a lens into the distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”technology has led to the identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** technology has opened the door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insight into disease mechanisms.A major challenge is correlating the myriad of dysregulated molecules with clinical or histological progression and understanding their relevance to presymptomatic phases of *** are two major goals of this *** first is to summarize some of the biomarkers identified in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle that have a clinicopathological correlation with disease activi

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopathological correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atrophy neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

SE Asian Cenozoic Larger Foraminifera:Taxonomic Questions,Apparent Radiation and Abrupt Extinctions

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1378-1399页

作者： peter Lunt Xiwu Luan College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology(SDUST)Qingdao266579China Stratos Energy Advisors Kuala LumpurMalaysia

The Cenozoic larger foraminifera are important for biostratigraphy in SE *** review examines the taxonomic inconsistencies of this group and especially the confusion over concepts of evolution,migration,radiation and *** is proposed that from the Mediterranean to Indo-Pacific,Latest Eocene through Miocene,larger foraminifera populations were more homogenous than previously *** show a slow morphological radiation interrupted by several *** pattern is superimposed on a long-term decline in larger foraminiferal *** dating of the major biostratigraphic events are *** main lineages of larger foraminifera can be classified by their evolutionary *** classically“large”genera have highly peramorphic trends achieved through strong orthoselection,and these lineages were the most severely hit by a series of Mid-Eocene to Mid-Miocene extinction *** carbonate facies taxa that are traditionally grouped with the larger foraminifera are characterised by weak paramorphism,and these were much less affected by the extinction *** of these weakly peramorphic forms underwent Latest Miocene to recent radiation to and locally become rock-forming *** three major and one minor larger foraminiferal extinction events since the Mid Eocene coincide with abrupt tectonic events across SE ***,there are probably multiple causes for these extinctions,including global climatic changes.

关键词： larger foraminifera evolution biostratigraphy extinction

MADM gives new insights into gliomagenesis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第5期3卷 273-275页

作者： Liang Lei peter Canoll Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA

In their recent paper,Liu et al.(2011)make use of an elegant genetic mouse model to study the formation of malignant brain *** findings add strong support to the growing body of evidence from several labs showing that some gliomas arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs).They also provide new insights,and raise new questions,regarding where,when,and how malignant gliomas form.

关键词： glioma al. malignant

3D SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS wITH KINEMATICAL ELEMENT TECHNIQUE

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1999年第2期9卷 218-222页

作者： Cao, Ping Gussmann, peter Central South Univ of Technology Changsha China

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关键词： kinematical element methodstability analysisthree dimensional slope

Rapid two-dimensional characterisation of proteins in solution

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2019年第1期5卷 388-397页

作者： Kadi LSaar Quentin peter Thomas Muller Pavan K.Challa Therese w.Herling Tuomas P.J.Knowles Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB21EWUK Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeJ J Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUK Fluidic Analytics Limited CambridgeUK

Microfluidic platforms provide an excellent basis for working with heterogeneous samples and separating biomolecular components at high throughput,with high recovery rates and by using only very small sample *** date,several micron scale platforms with preparative capabilities have been *** we describe and demonstrate a microfluidic device that brings preparative and analytical operations together onto a single chip and thereby allows the acquisition of multidimensional *** achieve this objective by using a free-flow electrophoretic separation approach that directs fractions of sample into an on-chip analysis unit,where the fractions are characterised through a microfluidic diffusional sizing *** combined approach therefore allows simultaneously quantifying the sizes and the charges of components in heterogenous *** illustrate the power of the platform by describing the size distribution of a mixture comprising components which are close in size and cannot be identified as individual components using state-of-the-art solution sizing techniques on their ***,we show that the platform can be used for two-dimensional fingerprinting of heterogeneous protein mixtures within tens of seconds,opening up a possibility to obtain multiparameter data on biomolecular systems on a minute timescale.

关键词： process. character mixtures

The tropical-subtropical evergreen forest transition in East Asia:An exploration

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Plant Diversity 2020年第4期42卷 255-280页

作者： peter Ashton Hua Zhu Arnold Arboretum Harvard UniversityRoyal Botanic GardensKewUK Center for Integrative Biology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnanPR China

The transition from tropical to subtropical(warm temperate)evergreen forests is more clearly apparent in East Asia,fromNepal to the western Pacific coast,than elsewhere in the *** review the nature of this transition and hypothesize the physical,ultimately climatic,factors thatmay maintain it,with a special focus on how the increasing instability and warming of climates will affect these forests.A primary climatic mediator of the transition is proposed,thereby offering a testable hypothesis for the climateeforest transition *** is known of this transition is summarized in context of the primary climatic mediators of elevational zonation of forest formations in equatorial Asia to the tree line,in the Himalaya at the India-Indo-Burma northern tropical margin,and as both elevational and latitudinal zonation in southern *** secondary edaphic and other physical changes are described for the Himalaya,and hypothesized for southern *** forest ecotones are seen to be primarily defined by tree floristic change,on which account changes in structure and physiognomy are *** montane tropical-subtropical transition in the Himalaya is narrowand observed to correlate with an as yet ill-defined frost line.A distinct tropical-subtropical transition forest is recognized in the southwest *** is a total change in canopy species at the Himalayan ecotone,but subcanopy tropical species persist along an elevational decline of c.400 *** latitudinal transition in South China is analogous,but here the tropical subcanopy component extends north over ten degrees latitude,albeit in *** tropical-subtropical transition is uniquely clear in East Asia because here alone a tropical wet summer-dry winter monsoon extends to 35north latitude,encompassing the subtropical evergreen forest,whereas subtropical evergreen forests elsewhere exist under drier temperate summer climate regimes.

关键词： Tropical Subtropical Forest transition Ecotone East Asia