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Simulation of Three-Dimensional Strained Heteroepitaxial Growth Using Kinetic Monte Carlo

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第10期10卷 1089-1112页

作者： Tim P.schulze peter Smereka Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department ofMathematics University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Efficient algorithms for the simulation of strained heteroepitaxial growth with intermixing in 2+1 dimensions are *** first of these algorithms is an extension of the energy localization method[*** and ***,An energy localization principle and its application to fast kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of heteroepitaxial growth,***.,3(2009),521-538]from1+1 to 2+1 *** approximations of this basic algorithm are then introduced,one of which treats adatoms in a more efficient manner,while the other makes use of an approximation of the change in elastic energy in terms of local elastic energy *** both cases,it is demonstrated that a reasonable level of fidelity is *** are presented showing how the film morphology is affected by misfit and deposition *** addition,simulations of stacked quantum dots are also presented.

关键词： Heteroepitaxy strained thin film kinetic Monte Carlo

Limits on light emission from silicon

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第4期7卷 268-270页

作者： peter würfel Institut für Angewandte Physik Universitt KarlsruheD-76128 KarlsruheGermany

Although silicon is an indirect semiconductor, light emission from silicon is governed by the same gener- alized Planck＇s radiation law as the emission from direct semiconductors. The emission intensity is given by the absorptance of the volume in which there is a difference of the quasi Fermi energies. A difference of the Fermi energies may result h＇om the absorption of external light （photoluminescence） or from the injection of electrons and holes via selective contacts （electroluminescence）. The quantum efficiency may be larger than 0.5 for carrier densities below 10^15 cm^-3. At larger densities, non-radiative recombination, in particular Auger recombination dominates. At all carrier densities, the relation between emission intensity and difference of the quasi Fermi energies is maintained. Since this difference is equal to the voltage of a properly designed solar cell, luminescence is the key indicator of material quality for solar cells.

关键词： Carrier concentration Fermi level Light Light emission Photoluminescence Semiconducting silicon Silicon

Identify Plant Drought Stress by 3D-Based Image

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第7期11卷 1207-1211页

作者： ZHAO Yan-dong SUN Yu-rui CAI Xiang LIU He peter schulze Lammers School of Technology Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 P.R.China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 P.R.China Department of Agricultural Engineering University of Bonn Bonn 53115 Germany

Plants respond to drought stress with different physical manners, such as morphology and color of leaves. Thus, plants can be considered as a sort of living-sensors for monitoring dynamic of soil water content or the stored water in plant body. Because of difficulty to identify the early wilting symptom of plants from the results in 2D （two-dimension） space, this paper presented a preliminary study with 3D （three-dimension）-based image, in which a laser scanner was used for achieving the morphological information of zucchini （Cucurbita pepo） leaves. Moreover, a leaf wilting index （DLwIF） was defined by fractal dimension. The experiment consisted of phase-1 for observing the temporal variation of DLwIF and phase-2 for the validation of this index. During the experiment, air temperature, luminous intensity, and volumetric soil water contents （VSwC） were simultaneously recorded over time. The results of both phases fitted the bisector （line： 1：1） with R2=0.903 and REMS=0.155. More significantly, the influence of VSwC with three levels （0.22, 0.30, and 0.36 cm3 cm-3） on the response of plant samples to drought stress was observed from separated traces of DLwIF. In brief, two conclusions have been made：（i） the laser scanner is an effective tool for the non-contact detection of morphological wilting of plants, and （ii） defined DLwIF can be a promising indicator for a category of plants like zucchini.

关键词： wilting 3D-based image laser scanner fractal dimension drought stress zucchini

Unfolded p53 in non-neuronal cells supports bacterial etiology of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2619-2622页

作者： peter w.French Innlanz Limited SydneyNSWAustralia

Alzheimer’s disease has proven to be largely intractable to treatment,despite years of research,and numerous trials of therapies that target the hallmarks of the disease-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary *** etiology of Alzheimer’s disease remains *** is a growing body of evidence for an infectious trigger of Alzheimer’s disease,and,in particular,the focus has been on the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis(***).Reports of the expression of a misfolded form of p53 in non-neuronal cells(fibroblasts,peripheral blood mononuclear cells,and B cells)and serum,which appears several years before clinical symptoms manifest,may provide further support for the role of bacteria in general,and *** in particular,in the initiation of the *** review presents a model of the pathway from initial oral infection with *** to amyloid plaque formation and neuronal degeneration,via the steps of chronic periodontitis;secretion of the inflammagens lipopolysaccharide and gingipains into the bloodstream;induction of an inflammatory response in both peripheral cells and tissues;disruption of the blood-brain barrier,and entry into the central nervous system of the inflammagens and the *** bacteria *** this model,the misfolded p53(or“unfolded p53”;up53)is induced in non-neuronal cells and upregulated in serum as a result of oxidative stress due to lipopolysaccharide from ***53 is therefore a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of the presence of a causative agent of Alzheimer’s *** dental hygiene and aggressive antibiotic treatment may prevent the patient progressing to clinical Alzheimer’s disease if serum up53 is detected at this pre-symptomatic stage.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease gingipains lipopolysaccharide P.gingivalis periodontitis unfolded p53

Dysregulated immunity in PID patients with low GARP expression on Tregs due to mutations in LRRC32

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第7期18卷 1677-1691页

作者： peter Lehmkuhl Magdalena Gentz Andres Caballero Garcia de Otezya Bodo Grimbacher Hendrik schulze-Koops Alla Skapenko Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Department of Internal Medicine IVLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichMunichGermany Institute for Immunodeficiency Centre of Chronic ImmunodeficiencyMedical CentreFaculty of MedicineAlbert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Immune dysregulation diseases are characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and may have severe disease *** identification of the genetic causes of these diseases therefore has critical clinical *** performed whole-exome sequencing of patients with immune dysregulation disorders and identified two patients with previously undescribed mutations in LRRC32,which encodes glycoprotein A repetitions predominant(GARP).These patients were characterized by markedly reduced numbers and frequencies of regulatory T cells(Tregs).Tregs with mutated LRRC32 exhibited strongly diminished cell-surface GARP expression and reduced suppressor *** a model of conditional Garp deficiency in mice,we confirmed increased susceptibility to inflammatory diseases once GARP expression on Tregs was *** deficiency led to an unstable Treg phenotype due to diminished Foxp3 protein acetylation and *** study reinforces the understanding of the immunological mechanisms of immune dysregulation and expands the knowledge on the immunological function of GARP as an important regulator of Treg stability.

关键词： T cells immune dysregulation autoimmunity

Blind spots in climate finance for innovation peter wARREN

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第1期11卷 60-64页

作者： peter wARREN School of Public Policy University College London(UCL)LondonWCIH 9QUUK

International climate finance is a sub-set of green finance and refers to investments specifically in climate change mitigation and adaptation activities,which primarily involve public finance and the leveraging of private finance in developing *** addition to continued international support for scaling low carbon solutions and facilitating replicability in developing countries,there remains an important need to increase the amount of climate finance provided to innovation,particularly demonstration(for technology innovation)and pilot implementation(for policy innovation),and to channel a greater proportion of Official Development Assistance(ODA)to‘hard-to-abate'areas,such as industrial decarbonisation,international transport and cross-sectoral issues like cooling and behavioural insights,to accelerate the commercialisation and implementation of technological,linancial and policy solutions to contribute to meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to‘well-below'2℃ in these *** research,development and demonstration(RD&D)support with technical assistance is important in providing the route to obtain wider donor finance(concessional finance)and private finance to enable deployment through scalability and replicability.

关键词： Climate finance Climate policy Paris Agreement Official development assistance Industrial decarbonisation Sustainable cooling Behavioural insights International transport

Differential Kinematic Encoding of Saccades and Smooth-pursuit Eye Movements by Fastigial Neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第8期38卷 927-932页

作者： Zongpeng Sun peter w.Dicke peter Thier School of Psychology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an710062China Department of Cognitive Neurology Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research72076TübingenGermany

Dear Editor,Saccades and smooth-pursuit eye movements(SPEMs)are two categories of eye movements with very different kinematics,in particular very different acceleration and velocity ranges,differences that have contributed to the notion of largely segregated underlying neuronal *** instance,it has been suggested that distinct wellsegregated pools of oculomotor vermis(OMV)Purkinje cells(PCs)are specialized for the fine-tuning of the relevant kinematic parameters characterizing each of them.

关键词： pursuit specialized instance

On the Range of the Common Cycle Time in a Road Network

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2015年第6期22卷 31-36页

作者： Ting Lu Marko wlki peter wagner Institute of Transportation Systems German Aerospace Center (DLR) Faculty of Maritime and Transportation Ningbo University

In a coordinated road network,the optimal common cycle time is determined by evaluating the performance of the network in the given range of cycles. Normally,this range is determined by users 'experience. And a large range of common cycle time,e. g. [30,200] is chosen,which requires long computation time. This study considers that the optimal common cycle time ranges between the minimal and maximal value of intersections' individual optimal cycle time. It is proved mathematically from the convexity condition,that the delay of the network and each individual intersection are convex functions of the cycle time according to webster delay model. Finally,2 000 random cases for the network composed of two intersections and of eight intersections are created to underline the proposed conclusions. The results of all cases confirm the validity,and show up to 90% improvement in computation time to compare with experience range. The signal optimization tool,Synchro,is also used to validate the conclusion by 50 random cases. The results confirm reliability further.

关键词： common cycle traffic signal optimization convexity webster model

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基于电磁阀的喷嘴直接注入式农药喷洒系统

农业机械学报 2013年第6期44卷 69-72,200页

作者：蔡祥 walgenbach Martin Doerpmund Malte schulze Lammers peter 孙宇瑞中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院北京100083 波恩大学农业机械研究所波恩53115

设计了一种喷嘴直接注入式农药喷洒系统。通过与传统喷雾机械比较,简述了喷嘴直接注入式喷雾系统的结构和喷雾执行单元。为了实现农药定量注入,设计一种基于电磁原理的快速响应阀,并论述其工作原理和闭环控制方式。通过试验测试了喷雾... 详细信息

设计了一种喷嘴直接注入式农药喷洒系统。通过与传统喷雾机械比较,简述了喷嘴直接注入式喷雾系统的结构和喷雾执行单元。为了实现农药定量注入,设计一种基于电磁原理的快速响应阀,并论述其工作原理和闭环控制方式。通过试验测试了喷雾执行单元的喷雾特性和喷杆组内各喷雾单元的一致性。结果表明在一定喷洒速率范围内,喷雾执行单元的喷水量和水压强存在多项式关系,农药注入量和PwM信号的高电平时间存在指数关系,其决定系数均高于0.9,并且同一喷杆组内6个喷雾单元的喷雾效果大体一致。

关键词：直接注入式电磁原理快速响应阀门脉宽调制变量喷雾