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Implications of excreta uric acid concentrations in broilers offered reduced crude protein diets and dietary glycine requirements for uric acid synthesis

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 939-946页

作者： peter H.Selle David I.Cantor Leon R.McQuade Bernard V.McInerney Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam Shemil P.Macelline peter V.Chrystal Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH Hanau-Wolfgang 63547Germany School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia

In a previous experiment,male ross 308 broiler chickens were offered dietary treatments with 3 levels of crude protein(222,193,165 g/kg)and 3 feed grains(ground maize,ground wheat,whole wheat)from 7 to 35 d ***-based diets supported superior growth performance in comparison to wheatbased *** acid concentrations in excreta were retrospectively determined and related to total nitrogen(N)excreta *** acid concentrations ranged from 28.5 to 69.4 mg/g and proportions of uric acid-N to total excreta-N ranged from 27.4%to 42.6%in broiler chickens offered the 3×3 factorial array of dietary *** of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the165 g/kg CP,maize-based diet were significantly lower by 10.6 percentage units(27.4%versus 38.0%;P=0.00057)than their wheat-based *** excreta analysed had been collected from 35 to37 d post-hatch when feed intakes and excreta outputs were *** were linear relationships between proportions of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the three 165 g/kg CP diets with weight gain(r=-0.587;P=0.010),feed intake(r=-0.526;P=0.025)and feed conversion ratios(r=0.635;P=0.005).The possibility that increasing uric acid-N proportions in excreta is indicative of excessive ammonia accumulations compromising growth performance is *** mean proportion of dietary glycine involved in uric acid excretion was 49.2%across all dietary treatments but ranged from 25.0%to 80.9%.Thus,the appropriate amount of dietary glycine is variable and largely dependent on the volume of uric acid synthesised and excreted.

关键词： Ammonia Broiler chicken Glycine Reduced crude protein diet Uric acid

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Capping dietary starch:protein ratios in moderately reduced crude protein,wheat-based diets showed promise but further reductions generated inferior growth performance in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 168-178页

作者： Shiva Greenhalgh Bernard V.McInerney Leon R.McQuade peter V.Chrystal Ali Khoddami Molly A.M.Zhuang Sonia Y.Liu peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSWAustralia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSWAustralia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

The hypothesis that capping dietary starch:protein ratios would enhance the performance of broiler chickens offered reduced-crude protein(CP)diets was tested in this experiment.A total of 432 off-sex,male ross 308 chicks were allocated to 7 dietary treatments from 7 to 35 d *** experimental design consisted of a 3×2 factorial array of treatments with the seventh treatment serving as a positive *** levels of dietary CP(197.5,180.0 and 162.5 g/kg)with either uncapped or capped dietary starch:protein ratios constituted the factorial array of treatments,whilst the positive control diet contained 215.0 g/kg *** positive control diet had an analysed dietary starch:protein ratio of 1.50 as opposed to a ratio of 1.68 in the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet and 1.41 in the corresponding capped diet and the capped 197.5 g/kg CP diet displayed *** growth performance this diet matched the positive control but outperformed the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet by 10.4%(2,161 vs.1,958 g/bird;P=0.009)in weight gain,by 3.10%(3,492 vs.3,387 g/bird;P=0.019)in feed intake on the basis of pairwise comparisons and numerically improved FCR by 4.04%(1.616 vs.12684).However,the growth performance of birds offered the 180.0 and 162.5 g/kg CP dietary treatments was remarkably inferior,irrespective of dietary starch:protein *** inferior growth performance was associated with poor feathering and even feather-pecking and significant linear relationships between feather scores and parameters of growth performance were *** amino acid profile of feathers was determined where cysteine,glutamic acid,glycine,proline and serine were dominant in a crude protein content of 931 g/***,the feathering issues observed were manifestations of amino acid inadequacies or imbalances in the more reduced-CP diets and consideration is given to the implications of these outcomes.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Crude protein Feathering Starch:protein ratio Wheat

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一九九二年度露天开采年评

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有色矿山 1993年第1期22卷 1-15页

作者： A.ross Duon peter J.Hoddinott 王家骧黄燮中肖泽铭

1991年重大的政治和经济变革对露天开采工业产生的巨大影响,在今后若干年里都会使人感受到。联合国以压倒优势的支持,对其成员国伊拉克采取军事行动;南斯拉夫国内爆发冲突;苏联解体,叶利钦寻求获得北大西洋公约组织(NATO)成员国资格;

关键词：露天矿采矿工程环境采矿机械

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以污染海域鱼类为食的斑海豹(Phoca vitulina)免疫功能的损害

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人类环境杂志 1994年第2期23卷 155-159页

作者： Rik de Swart peter ross peter Reijnders Helga Timmerman Siem Heisterkamp Henk van Loveren Joseph Vos Albert Osterhaus 蒋逸航荷兰Bilthoven的国家公共健康与环境保护研究所海豹恢复与研究中心 DLO-森林与自然研究所病理学实验室数学方法中心统计学和运算研究部病理学实验室免疫生物学部伊拉兹马斯大学

近来,海豹和海豚中高死亡率疾病的爆发,已引起公众和科学界的很大兴趣。虽然在大多数情况下,病毒的传播是疾病爆发的主要原因,但据推测污染所引起的免疫抑制起到了推波助澜的作用。这里我们介绍半野外条件下一项前瞻性研究结果,在这项... 详细信息

近来,海豹和海豚中高死亡率疾病的爆发,已引起公众和科学界的很大兴趣。虽然在大多数情况下,病毒的传播是疾病爆发的主要原因,但据推测污染所引起的免疫抑制起到了推波助澜的作用。这里我们介绍半野外条件下一项前瞻性研究结果,在这项研究中,两组斑海豹(Phoca vitulina)喂食了来自不同程度污染海区的鲱鱼,即高度污染的波罗的海和相对无污染的大西洋。在为期93周内,对与免疫功能有关的参数进行了监测,并对这两组参数进行了比较。我们发现:食用波罗的海鲱鱼的海豹的自然杀伤细胞NK活性和有丝分裂素所引起的T细胞增殖反应显著较低。另外,我们还注意到这些动物中循环的多形核粒细胞较多,这可能表明细菌传染发病率的增加。本文首次向人们展示了与长期受通过海洋食物链而积累的环境污染物的影响有关的哺乳动物免疫功能受损。

关键词：海水污染鱼类海豹免疫功能

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The influence of meat-and-bone meal and exogenous phytase on growth performance, bone mineralisation and digestibility coefficients of protein(N),amino acids and starch in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第2期2卷 86-92页

作者： Sonia Y.Liu Aaron J.Cowieson peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation within the Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of meat-and-bone meal(MBM) and phytase inclusion on growth performance, bone mineralisation and apparent digestibility coefficients of nutrients in broiler chickens offered wheat-based diets. The feeding study comprised 7 dietary treatments: positive control(PC, 9.0% Ca and 4.5% available phosphorous [AvP] in starter, 7.0% Ca and 3.5% AvP in finisher); negative control(NC, 7.2% Ca and 3.0% AvP in starter, 5.2% Ca and 2.0% AvP in finisher) diets incorporating a 3 × 2 factorial array of 3 MBM inclusions(0, 60, 120 g/kg) and 2 levels of phytase supplementation(0 and 1,000 FYT/kg). Each treatment was allocated to 6 replicated pens with 30 birds per pen in an environmentally-controlled deep litter facility. A total of 1,260 one-day-old male ross 308 chicks were offered starter diets from 1 to 14 days post-hatch and finisher diets from 15 to 36 days posthatch. There were significant(P < 0.05) interactions between MBM inclusions and phytase supplementation on weight gain and feed intake in starter diets. Phytase significantly increased weight gain in diets without MBM and did not influence weight gain in diets with 60 and 120 g/kg MBM. Collectively,increasing MBM inclusion significantly reduced weight gain in starter diets(P < 0.0001). There were dietary interactions(P < 0.01) on toe ash where phytase significantly improved toe ash in diet without MBM and did not influence toe ash in the other two groups of negative control diets. There were no dietary treatment interactions on apparent ileal digestibility coefficients of starch and protein except that diets without MBM had significantly(P < 0.01) lower ileal starch digestibility and diets with 120 g/kg MBM had significantly(P < 0.0001) lower ileal protein digestibility. No dietary influence on ileal fat digestibility was observed. There were dietary interactions on ileal digestibilities of isoleucine, valine and glycine. Phytase significantly increased glycine diges

关键词： Bone mineralisation Digestibility Meat-and-bone meal Protein Starch

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活动和锻炼的物理疗法、激素封闭治疗或随诊观察治疗网球肘：随机研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2008年第1期11卷 26-29页

作者： Leanne Bisset Elaine Belier Gwendolen Jull peter Brooks ross Darnell Bill Vicenzino 王英民(译) School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Queensland St Lucia QLD Australia 4072 PhD caadidate Queensland Clinical Trials Centre Sehool of Population Health University of Queensland director of biaostatistics School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Queensland professor School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Queensland statistician School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Queensland associate professor Faculty of Health Sciences University of Queensland executive dean 不详

目的与随诊观察和局部激素封闭治疗相比较，探讨物理疗法治疗网球肘52周的有效性。设计单盲随机对照研究。地点澳大利亚伯瑞斯班的一个社区。参与者198例网球肘临床诊断患者，年龄18～65岁，病史至少6周以上，半年内未接受积极的治疗。... 详细信息

目的与随诊观察和局部激素封闭治疗相比较，探讨物理疗法治疗网球肘52周的有效性。设计单盲随机对照研究。地点澳大利亚伯瑞斯班的一个社区。参与者198例网球肘临床诊断患者，年龄18～65岁，病史至少6周以上，半年内未接受积极的治疗。干预8个疗程的物理治疗，激素封闭治疗，或随诊观察。结局评估指标总体改善情况；握力；治疗开始、6周和52周时的严重程度评估。结果6周内激素封闭治疗比物理治疗有明显效果，但复发率较高（前期有效的患者逐步复发达47／65），长期随访效果比物理治疗差。短期内理疗组比随诊观察组效果好，52周时两组患者无差别，大多数患者效果较好。理疗组较封闭组和随诊观察组寻求辅助治疗的概率低，比如非甾体类抗炎药物。结论合并手法和肘部锻炼的物理疗法在6周内比随诊观察组效果好，6周以后比激素封闭组效果好，因此，中长期治疗中，除激素封闭外，物理治疗可以作为另外一种合理的选择。激素封闭治疗在短期是有效的，但6周以后容易出现反复，且复发率较高，因此对网球肘采取封闭治疗须谨慎。

关键词：激素封闭治疗随诊观察物理疗法网球肘随机研究锻炼非甾体类抗炎药物物理治疗

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Clinical outcomes of patients with two small hepatocellular carcinomas

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第10期13卷 1439-1449页

作者： Anh Duy Pham Karl Vaz Zaid S Ardalan Marie Sinclair ross Apostolov Sarah Gardner Ammar Majeed Gauri Mishra Ning Mao Kam Kurvi Patwala Numan Kutaiba Niranjan Arachchi Sally Bell Anouk T Dev John S Lubel Amanda J Nicoll Siddharth Sood William Kemp Stuart K Roberts Michael Fink Adam G Testro peter W Angus Paul J Gow The Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Alfred HealthMelbourne 3000VictoriaAustralia The Melbourne Liver Group Melbourne 3000VictoriaAustralia The University of Melbourne Parkville 3010VictoriaAustralia Central Clinical School Monash UniversityMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Eastern HealthBox Hill 3128VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Western HealthFootscray 3011VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthBox Hill 3128VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Management of single small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is straightforward with curative outcomes achieved by locoregional therapy or *** transplantation is often considered for multiple small or single large *** of two small HCC whether presenting synchronously or sequentially is less *** To define the outcomes of patients presenting with two small *** Retrospective review of HCC databases from multiple institutions of patients with either two synchronous or sequential HCC≤3 cm between January 2000 and March *** outcomes were overall survival(OS)and transplant-free survival(TFS).RESULTS 104 patients were identified(male n=89).Median age was 63 years(interquartile range 58-67.75)and the most common aetiology of liver disease was hepatitis C(40.4%).59(56.7%)had synchronous HCC and 45(43.3%)had sequential.36 patients died(34.6%)and 25 were transplanted(24.0%).1,3 and 5-year OS was 93.0%,66.1% and 62.3% and 5-year post-transplant survival was 95.8%.1,3 and 5-year TFS was 82.1%,45.85% and 37.8%.When synchronous and sequential groups were compared,OS(1,3 and 5 year synchronous 91.3%,63.8%,61.1%,sequential 95.3%,69.5%,64.6%,P=0.41)was similar but TFS was higher in the sequential group(1,3 and 5 year synchronous 68.5%,37.3% and 29.7%,sequential 93.2%,56.6%,48.5%,P=0.02)though this difference did not remain during multivariate *** TFS in patients presenting with two HCC≤3 cm is poor regardless of the timing of the second *** patients presenting with two small HCC should be considered for transplantation.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Prognosis Transplantation Transplant-free survival

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小规模足球运动和振动训练对20—45岁习惯久坐的女性身体成分、有氧适能、肌肉磷酸肌酸动力学的影响（英文）

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第4期3卷 284-292页

作者： Luke J.Connolly Suzanne Scott Magni Mohr Giorgos Ermidis ross Julian Jens Bangsbo Sarah R.Jackman Joanna L.Bowtell Rosemary C.Davies Susan J.Hopkins Richard Seymour Karen M.Knapp peter Krustrup Jonathan Fulford Sport and Health Sciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesSt Luke's CampusUniversity of Exeter:Exeter EXI 2LUUK Faculty of Natural and Health Sciences University of the Faroe IslandsTorshavn 100Faroe Islands Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport ScienceUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Department of Physical Education and Sport Science Democritus University of ThraceKomotini 69100Greece Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine University of SaarlandSaarbrücken 66123Germany Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health Department of NutritionExercise and SportsUniversity of Copenhagen.Copenhagen 2200.Denmark College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter EX4 4QF.UK NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeter EX2 5DW.UK

目标:本研究调查了16周小规模小场地足球训练(足球组(SG),n=13)和全身振动训练(振动组(VG),n=17)对身体组成、有氧适能、肌肉磷酸肌酸动力学在不常运动的绝经前期女性健康的影响,用另一组不常运动女性作为对照组(CO,n=14)。方法:足球组... 详细信息

目标:本研究调查了16周小规模小场地足球训练(足球组(SG),n=13)和全身振动训练(振动组(VG),n=17)对身体组成、有氧适能、肌肉磷酸肌酸动力学在不常运动的绝经前期女性健康的影响,用另一组不常运动女性作为对照组(CO,n=14)。方法:足球组和振动组每周两次15分钟训练,平均心率(HR)分别约为155bpm和90bpm。测量运动前后身体组成、磷酸肌酸(PCr)启动和关闭时的动力学,以及标准化次极量运动时的心率水平。结果:足球组16周训练后,脂肪百分比下降了1.7%±2.4%(从37.5%±6.9%降低到35.8%±6.2%,p=0.03),膝伸展斜坡运动时股四头肌中磷酸肌酸水平下降得到缓解(4%±8%,p=0.04),但振动组和对照组没有改变。足球组16周训练后,次极量运动心率亦有降低(7%±5%HRmax,p=0.01)。结论:16周短期足球训练足以对未经训练的绝经前期女性在身体组成方面产生有益的改变,并能作为其有氧适能和肌肉氧化能力的指标。

关键词：磷酸肌酸氧化能力全身振动身体组成动力学小批量训练足球

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Mobile silencing in plants:what is the signal and what defines the target

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Frontiers in Biology 2011年第2期6卷 140-146页

作者： Dacheng LIANG E.Jean FINNEGAN Elizebeth S.DENNIS peter M.WATERHOUSE Ming-Bo WANG CSIRO Plant Industry Clunies Ross StreetCanberraACT 2601Australia School of Molecular Bioscience University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia

RNA-mediated silencing in plants can spread from cell to cell and over a long distance,and such mobile silencing has been extensively studied in the past ***,major questions remain as to what is the exact nature of the mobile silencing signals,how the components of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway are involved,and why systemic spread of silencing has only been observed for transgenes but not endogenous *** this review,we provide an overview of the current knowledge on mobile gene silencing in plants and present a model where systemic silencing involves long nuclear RNA transcripts that serve as a template to amplify primary siRNA signals.

关键词： endogenous template fines

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Pericardial Rupture and Chronic Subluxation of the Heart: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2021年第9期11卷 75-81页

作者： Pedram Rajabifard Anurag Agarwal peter Skillington Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Royal Melbourne Hospital Victoria Australia

Background: Pericardial rupture is a rare diagnosis, usually occurring secondary to high energy blunt force trauma, which can result in subluxation of the heart. Aim: To determine a suitable method for repair of a pericardial defect post traumatic pericardial rupture. Case: We present a 55-year-old male who was found to have a large pericardial defect intra-operatively while undergoing an elective Ross procedure. The defect was repaired with a Gore-Tex membrane. The patient underwent revision sternotomy and repair of the pericardium due to inadequate laxity of the repaired pericardium resulting in hemodynamic instability. Conclusion: Synthetic membranes, such as Gore-Tex membranes, can be used successfully for repair of large pericardial defects but care must be taken to prevent undue tension secondary to taut repair, resulting in hemodynamic compromise.

关键词： Pericardial Rupture Pericardium Trauma Cardiac Trauma

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