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Results of selective decontamination with oral neomycin and metronidazole for major colorectal surgery in Australia:A cohort study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 72-78页

作者： James Wei Tatt Toh Devansh Shah Henry Wang Charlotte Kwik Joseph Do Woong Choi Chelsie Leonie Beinke Paul Morris Eleni Baird-Gunning Geoffrey peter Collins Fiona Gavegan Karen Shedden Toufic El-Khoury Nimalan Pathma-Nathan Kerry Hitos Department of Colorectal Surgery Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia The University of Sydney Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia Western Sydney University New South WalesAustralia University of Notre Dame New South WalesAustralia Westmead Research Centre for Evaluation of Surgical Outcomes Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia

Objective The role of selective decontamination with oral antibiotics(OABs)and mechanical bowel preparation(MBP)prior to elective colorectal surgery is still widely *** objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of selective decontamination with neomycin,metronidazole and MBP compared to those of decontamination with MBP alone or with no *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation was introduced prior to elective colorectal surgery as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery program at Westmead Hospital,a major Australian tertiary referral hospital,between June 2017 and January *** between short-term outcomes of OAB+MBP and MBP/no preparation were made using prospectively collected data on length of stay(LOS),readmission,mortality within 30 days,anastomotic leakage(AL),surgical site infection(SSI),urinary tract infection,deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism,pneumonia,and ***-up was limited to hospital stays and subsequent presentations within the health district within thirty days of *** Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse continuous data,and the chi-square test was used for categorical *** and multivariate regression modelling was performed to identify risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of SSI and *** Patients with oral neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation had reduced superficial SSI(2.7%vs.7.6%,p=0.043)and overall complications(32.7%vs.44.6%,p=0.020),particularly Clavien-Dindo 1 complications(7.3%vs.16.5%,p=0.009).However,the differences in AL(2.7%vs.4.5%,p=0.369)and organ/space SSI(1.3%vs.3.7%,p=0.327)were not statistically *** median LOS(6 d vs.6 d,p=0.370)was not different between the *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole reduces the risk of SSIs and overall *** was a trend to toward a lower AL,but this differ

关键词： Neomycin Metronidazole Colorectal surgery Anastomotic leakage Surgical site infection

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赫尔辛基舞蹈之家

现代装饰 2024年第2期 24-33页

作者：无 Hannu Rytky(摄影) peter Vuorenrinne(摄影) Tuomas Uusheimo(摄影) JKMM ILO 不详

赫尔辛基舞蹈之家位于始建于1940年代的船用电缆厂,赫尔辛基市政府在1990年代收购后,缓慢将其打造成艺术园区。舞蹈之家项目是由JKMM与ILO建筑事务所合作设计。在项目初期,已入驻电缆厂的文艺工作者和访客便积极参与进来,她们的反馈建... 详细信息

赫尔辛基舞蹈之家位于始建于1940年代的船用电缆厂,赫尔辛基市政府在1990年代收购后,缓慢将其打造成艺术园区。舞蹈之家项目是由JKMM与ILO建筑事务所合作设计。在项目初期,已入驻电缆厂的文艺工作者和访客便积极参与进来,她们的反馈建议起到了指导作用。在开幕已来的两年里,赫尔辛基舞蹈之家通过举办高质量的舞蹈、现代马戏和各类演出,它已成为芬兰最受关注的表演场所之一,而整个电缆厂也渐渐成为芬兰规模最大的文化中心。

关键词：建筑事务所文艺工作者赫尔辛基表演场所船用电缆马戏项目初期艺术园区

On some aspects of minimum redundancy maximum relevance feature selection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 89-103页

作者： peter BUGATA peter DROTAR Intelligent Information Systems Lab Technical University of Kosice

The feature selection is an important challenge in many areas of machine learning because it plays a crucial role in the interpretations of machine-driven decisions. There are various approaches to the feature selection problem and methods based on the information theory comprise an important ***, the minimum redundancy maximum relevance(m RMR) feature selection is undoubtedly the most popular one with widespread application. In this paper, we prove in contrast to an existing finding that the m RMR is not equivalent to Max-Dependency criterion for first-order incremental feature selection. We present another form of equivalence leading to a generalization of m RMR feature selection. Additionally,we compare several feature selection methods based on m RMR, Max-Dependency, and feature ranking,employing different measures of dependency. The results on high-dimensional real-world datasets show that the distance correlation is the suitable measure for dependency-based feature selection methods. The results also indicate that the Max-Dependency incremental algorithm combined with distance correlation appears to be a promising feature selection approach.

关键词： big data information theory feature selection dimensionality reduction minimum redundancy maximum relevance m RMR

Growth, Development and Yield of Kenaf as Affected by Planting Dates and N Fertilization

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 707-720页

作者： Julius Yirzagla peter Quandahor Iddrisu Yahaya Olivia Aguriboba Akanbelum Listowell Aditwin Akologo John Bokaligidi Lambon Abdul-Wahab M. Imoro Kwadwo Gyasi Santo CSIR-SARI Nyankpala Ghana St Vincent College of Education Yendi Ghana Gbewaah College of Education Pusiga-Bawku Ghana CSIR-Head Office Accra Ghana C.K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L) consists of various beneficial components like stalks, seeds, leaves, fibers, oils, proteins, allelopathic chemicals, and fiber strands, among other things. Despite the numerous uses of the crop, there is little or no information on optimum agronomic practices such as planting date and N fertilization of the crop in the Upper East Region (UER) of Ghana where the crop is widely cultivated by smallholder farmers. Field experiments were therefore carried out in 2020 and repeated during the 2021 cropping season in the study area. The objective of the study was to determine appropriate planting date and N fertilization for increased kenaf productivity. In each year, the treatments consisted of 3 × 5 factorial combinations of three planting dates (1st July, 7th July and 14th July) and five levels of N (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg/ha) replicated three times. The design of the experiment was a split-plot with the N fertilizer as the main plot and the planting date assigned to sub plot. The results showed that, planting kenaf in early (1st) July or N fertilization at the rate of 60 kg/ha increased plant density, stem height, stem diameter, dry bast and core yields in both cropping seasons.

关键词： Growth Fibres Bast Yield Core Yield

Tree: Reducing the use of restrictive practices on psychiatric wards through virtual reality immersive technology training

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第10期14卷 1521-1537页

作者： peter Phiri Laura Pemberton Yang Liu Xiaojie Yang Joe Salmon Isabel Boulter Sana Sajid Jackie Clarke Andy McMillan Jian Qing Shi Gayathri Delanerolle Department of Research&Innovation Southern Health National Health Service Foundation TrustSouthampton SO303JBUnited Kingdom Department of Statistics and Data Science Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and EconomicsKunming 650221Yunnan ProvinceChina Virti Healthcare KeynshamBristol BS311SNUnited Kingdom Neuromodulation Centre Southern Health National Health Service Foundation TrustSouthampton SO140YGUnited Kingdom National Health Service Talking Therapies Southern Health National Health Service Foundation TrustSouthampton SO509FHUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Restrictive practices(RPs)are defined by measures linked to physical and chemical restraints to reduce the movement or control behaviours during any *** is an equal part of RPs intended to isolate and reduce the sensory stimulation to safeguard the patient and those within the *** interventions by way of virtual reality(VR)could assist with reducing the need for RPs as it could help reduce anxiety or agitation by way of placing users into realistic and immersive *** could also aid staff to and change current *** To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using a VR platform to provide reduction in RP *** A randomised controlled feasibility study,accompanied by evaluations at 1 month and 6 months,was conducted within inpatient psychiatric wards at Southern Health National Health Service Foundation Trust,United *** VR scenarios were used on VR headsets to provide training on reducing RPs in 3 inpatient psychiatric *** measures included general self-efficacy scale,generalised anxiety disorder assessment 7(GAD-7),Burnout Assessment Tool 12,the Everyday Discrimination Scale,and the Compassionate Engagement and Action *** Findings revealed statistically significant differences between the VR and treatment as usual groups,in the Everyday Discrimination Scale items Q8 and Q9:P=0.023 and P=0.040 respectively,indicating higher levels of perceived discrimination in the VR *** were no significant differences between groups in terms of general self-efficacy,generalised anxiety disorder assessment 9,and Burnout Assessment Tool 12 scores.A significant difference was observed within the VR group for compassionate engagement from others(P=0.005)over *** respondents recorded System Usability Scale scores above 70,with an average score of *** was a significant reduction in rates of RPs in the VR group vs treatment as usual group with a fluctuating variability ob

关键词： Virtual reality Restrictive practices Inpatient wards Restraint Isolation Rapid tranquilisation Covert medication Procedural restrictions Health professions training

Investigating the Air Quality Parameters in Louisiana’s Industrial Corridor: A Baton Rouge Case Study

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 139-164页

作者： Oluwafemi Awolesi peter G. Oni Oluwatoyin K. Adekoya Seyi B. Adekoya Oluwafeyikemi D. Ogunmusi Fatemeh Ghafari Abosede Oje Odunayo Lawal Department of Environmental Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Construction Management Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA Department of Water Resource Policy Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA Department of Chemistry University of Louisiana Lafayette USA Research & Development Unit Ecoxygiene Services Limited Lagos Nigeria

In a local context, sustainable development entails utilizing the current resources—material and immaterial, measurable and immeasurable, popular and unpopular—of the community in a manner that avoids overexploitation and ensures intergenerational equity. This approach prioritizes the safety and health of local citizens, placing communal productivity above corporate profitability. This research aims to assess air quality surrounding 28 chemical industry sites in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to understand the environmental and health impacts of industrial pollutants, with a focus on environmental justice. Air quality pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, CO, and SO2, were monitored for 75 days during the Summer, using the BreezoMeter app. Python, Mapize, and QGIS software technologies were utilized for data analysis and visualization. Findings indicate a reduction in NO2 and CO levels, compared to existing literature. However, the persistent challenge of particulate matter suggests areas for further environmental management efforts. Additionally, the research suggests a significant disparity in air pollution exposure, probably affecting marginalized communities. Although the nature of the study might not fully capture annual pollution trends, the findings highlight the urgent need for the chemical industry to adopt efficient production methods and for policymakers to enhance air quality standards and enforcement, particularly in pollution-sensitive areas. The disproportionate impact of air pollution on vulnerable communities calls for a more inclusive approach to environmental justice, ensuring equitable distribution of clean air benefits and community involvement in pollution management decisions.

关键词： Air Quality Monitoring Chemical Industry Pollution Environmental Justice Health Implications Particulate Matter Case Study

Comparative Efficacy of Lifestyle Modifications versus Pharmacotherapy on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 17-29页

作者： Abiodun Omolara Aboaba Miracle Chinonso Okoro Okelue Edwards Okobi Ifeoluwa Mary Falade Omosefe Enibokun Ogbeifun Shalom Katas Kingsley Agbodike Uvieroghene peter Ogbebor Moriamo Adedoyin Fashugba School of Medicine Avalon University Willemstad Curaao College of Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Larkin Community Hospital Palm Spring Campus Miami FL USA Department of Medicine Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals Rainhill UK Department of Family Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham AL USA College of Medicine International University of the Health Sciences (IUHS) Basseterre Saint Kitts and Nevis Department of Internal Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Madonna University Elele Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine University of Science Arts and Technology Olveston Montserrat

Background: Obesity has become a serious global public health challenge, given that it leads to various adverse health outcomes that include cardiovascular illnesses, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that, at the end of 2022, 1 out of every 8 individuals were obese, and that the global adult obesity rates have over doubled since 1990, even as the adolescent obesity rates have quadrupled. Thus, as of 2022, nearly 2.5 billion adults, aged 18 years and above, were overweight, with 890 million being obese. Obesity and overweight incidence rate has been gradually increasing over the years, presenting significant challenges to the healthcare systems throughout the globe. In this regard, the objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lifestyle modifications (diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic health in overweight adults. Methodology: To attain the above stated study objective, a systematic evaluation of previous studies was carried out, particularly studies that assessed the effectiveness and safety of lifestyle modifications (diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic health in overweight adults. The authors have used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in the selection of eligible studies for inclusion in the study. Results: The findings indicate that lifestyle interventions resulted in 5% - 10% weight reduction and significant improvements in metabolic indicators, while pharmacotherapy (GLP-1 receptor agonists) achieved up to 15% weight reduction and considerable metabolic health benefits. Further, comparative studies show lifestyle modifications provide overall health benefits, while medication is necessary for non-responders. Conclusion: Individualized treatment strategies are crucial, and further research is needed

关键词： Obesity Overweight Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy Glucose Metabolism Disorders

Storylines of family medicine Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 12-22页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Rupal Shah Tamala Carter Geoffrey M Gusoff Winston Liaw Bich-May Nguyen Joanna V Rachelson Mary Alice Scott Teresa L Schiff-Elfalan Seiji Yamada Robert C Like Kathleen Zoppi A peter Catinella Richard M Frankel Shailendra Prasad Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Bridge Lane Group Practice LondonUK Penn Center for Community Health Workers University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA National Clinician Scholars Program UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Health Systems and Population Health Sciences University of Houston Tilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Southern New Mexico Family Medicine Residency Program Las CrucesNew MexicoUSA New Mexico Primary Care Training Program Silver CityNew MexicoUSA Anthropology New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Hawai'i at Manoa John A Burns School of MedicineHonoluluHawaiiUSA Family Medicine and Community Health Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Family Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine–Transmountain Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTexasUSA Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Medical School-Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health’,authors address the following themes:‘Context—grounding family medicine in time,place and being’,‘Recentring community’,‘Community-oriented primary care’,‘Embeddedness in practice’,‘The meaning of health’,‘Disease,illness and sickness—core concepts’,‘The biopsychosocial model’,‘The biopsychosocial approach’and‘Family medicine as social medicine.’May readers grasp new implications for medical education and practice in these essays.

关键词： thematic illustration dimensions

Sedation reversal trends at outpatient ambulatory endoscopic center vs in-hospital ambulatory procedure center using a triage protocol

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 413-423页

作者： Saqib Walayat peter Stadmeyer Azfar Hameed Minahil Sarfaraz Paul Estrada Mark Benson Anurag Soni Patrick Pfau Paul Hayes Brittney Kile Toni Cruz Deepak Gopal Department of Gastroenterology University of IllinoisPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Gastroenterology University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53792United States Department of Internal Medicine Texas Health DentonDentonTX 76201United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahore 042Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Texas Tech University Health Services CenterEl PasoTX 79911United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Finance Business Partners UW Health University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53792United States UW Health Digestive Health Center Endoscopy University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53792United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin Hospitals and ClinicsMadisonWI 53705United States

BACKGROUND Routine outpatient endoscopy is performed across a variety of outpatient settings.A known risk of performing endoscopy under moderate sedation is the potential for over-sedation,requiring the use of reversal *** needs to be reported on rates of reversal across different outpatient *** academic tertiary care center utilizes a triage tool that directs higher-risk patients to the in-hospital ambulatory procedure center(APC)for their ***,we report data on outpatient sedation reversal rates for endoscopy performed at an inhospital APC vs at a free-standing ambulatory endoscopy digestive health center(AEC-DHC)following risk stratification with a triage *** To observe the effect of risk stratification using a triage tool on patient outcomes,primarily sedation reversal *** We observed all outpatient endoscopy procedures performed at AEC-DHC and APC from April 2013 to September *** were stratified to their respective sites using a triage *** evaluated each procedure for which sedation reversal with flumazenil and naloxone was *** and characteristics recorded include patient age,gender,body mass index(BMI),American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)classification,procedure type,and reason for sedation *** There were 97366 endoscopic procedures performed at AEC-DHC and 22494 at the APC during the study *** these,17 patients at AEC-DHC and 9 at the APC underwent sedation reversals(0.017%vs 0.04%;P=0.06).Demographics recorded for those requiring reversal at AEC-DHC vs APC included mean age(53.5±21 vs 60.4±17.42 years;P=0.23),ASA class(1.66±0.48 vs 2.22±0.83;P=0.20),BMI(27.7±6.7 kg/m^(2) vs 23.7±4.03 kg/m^(2);P=0.06),and female gender(64.7%vs 22%;P=0.04).The mean doses of sedative agents and reversal drugs used at AEC-DHC vs APC were midazolam(5.9±1.7 mg vs 8.9±3.5 mg;P=0.01),fentanyl(147.1±49.9μg vs 188.9±74.1μg;P=0.10),flumazenil(0.3±0.18μg vs 0.17±0.17μg;P=0.13)and naloxo

关键词： Ambulatory care Conscious sedation Endoscopy Colonoscopy Risk assessment Risk factors