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On the contribution of Rossby waves driven by surface buoyancy fluxes to low-frequency North Atlantic steric sea surface height variations

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2022年第3期15卷 51-55页

作者： peter Kowalski Department of Physics Imperial CollegeLondonUK

Previous studies have shown that wind-forced baroclinic Rossby waves can capture a large portion of lowfrequency steric sea surface height(SSH)variations in the North *** this paper,the classical wind-driven Rossby wave model derived in a 1.5-layer ocean is extended to include surface buoyancy forcing,and the new model is then used to assess the contribution from buoyancy-forced Rossby waves to low-frequency North Atlantic steric SSH *** forcing is determined from surface heating as freshwater fluxes are *** is found that buoyancy-forced Rossby waves are important in only a few regions belonging to the subtropicaltomidlatitude and eastern subpolar North *** these regions,the new Rossby wave model accounts for 25%-70% of low-frequency steric SSH ***,as part of the analysis it is also shown that a simple static model driven by local surface heat fluxes captures 60%-75% of low-frequency steric SSH variations in the Labrador Sea,which is a region where Rossby waves are found to have no influence on the steric SSH.

关键词： Sea surface height Rossby waves Subpolar North Atlantic 1.5-Layer ocean

Upper bounds of Schubert polynomials

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Science China Mathematics 2022年第6期65卷 1319-1330页

作者： Neil Jiuyu Fan peter Long Guo Department of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Center for Combinatorics LPMCNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Let w be a permutation of{1,2,...,n},and let D(w)be the Rothe diagram of *** Schubert polynomial■w_(x)can be realized as the dual character of the flagged Weyl module associated with D(w).This implies the following coefficient-wise inequality:Min_(x)≤■_(w)(x)≤Max_(w)xwhere both Min_(w)(x)and Max_(w)(x)are polynomials determined by D(w).Fink et al.(2018)found that■w_(x)equals the lower bound Min_(w)(x)if and only if w avoids twelve permutation *** this paper,we show that■w_(x)reaches the upper bound Max_(w)(x)if and only if w avoids two permutation patterns 1432 and ***,for any given compositionα∈Z^(n)≥0,one can define a lower bound Min_(α)(x)and an upper bound Max_(α)(x)for the key polynomialκ_(α)(x).Hodges and Yong(2020)established thatκ_(α)(x)equals Min_(α)(x)if and only ifαavoids five composition *** show thatκ_(α)(x)equals Max_(α)(x)if and only ifαavoids a single composition pattern(0,2).As an application,we obtain that whenαavoids(0,2),the key polynomialκ_(α)(x)is Lorentzian,partially verifying a conjecture of Huh et al.(2019).

关键词： Schubert polynomial key polynomial flagged Weyl module upper bound Lorentzian polynomial

Possibilities and concerns of implementing precision agriculture technologies on small farms in Slovenia

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 16-21页

作者： Jurij Rakun Erik Rihter Damijan Kelc Stajnko Denis peter Vindiš peter Berk peter Polič Miran Lakota Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of MariborPivola 102311 HočeSlovenia

Precision agriculture(PA)through the use and utilization of innovative technologies is a concept in agricultural management that enables long-term efficiency gains,control of unforeseen changes,and a reduction of negative impacts on the ***,there are even more reasons and benefits to using precision agriculture technologies(PATs)on farms,but the actual use on small farms is often *** main objective of this research was to evaluate and analyze the current state of PA and its potential on a set of small *** addition,a comparison was made between small farms located in less favored areas(LFAs)and more favored areas(MFAs)to find if specific characteristics of the surrounding environment affect the(non-)implementation of these technologies by farm owners,with respect to the given regional *** result shows that 57.5%of respondents on these farms have never implemented PATs before and 20%are beginners in their respective *** was found that there were no statistically significant differences in the integration between fewer LFAs and MFAs technologies and their use in this *** majority of respondents believe that the main changes need to occur on the level of *** results show that the level of cost or initial investment is the main reason and the main obstacle in the implementation of PATs on the surveyed farms.

关键词： precision agriculture small farm technological innovations implementation situation overview survey ICT

On the experimental characterization of the fluid volume influence on the friction between rough surfaces

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1334-1348页

作者： Lukas STAHL Michael MÜLLER Georg-peter OSTERMEYER Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig 37106Germany

The load-bearing behaviour of lubricated contacts depends primarily on the normal force,the relative velocity,and the ***,with the aid of the Stribeck curve,it is usually well possible to characterize whether hydrodynamics,mixed friction,or boundary friction is more likely to be *** fact that the load regime can also depend on the fluid quantity is obvious,but has hardly been systematically investigated so *** for contacts with microscopic roughness,the defined application of a very small amount of fluid is a very challenging *** this paper,a very fundamental study shows how a pin-on-disc tribometer can be used to achieve the transition from dry friction via mixed friction to predominant hydrodynamics by the amount of supplied *** experiments are carried out on samples filed with different *** addition,the simultaneous influence of partial filling and normal force as well as relative velocity is also *** good reproducibility has been practically reached over the entire range of the *** the quantities for the coefficient of friction(COF),it was concluded that close to full filling,a reduction of the fluid quantity has a similar effect on the COF as the reduction of the *** property goes along with the common theory of starved lubricated *** behaviour was not observed to the same extent for the normal *** the vicinity of smaller fluid quantities,the COF increases very rapidly with further reduction in fluid quantity,far more disproportionately than that with reduction in *** a deeper understanding of this problem,various practical issues such as idling or the run-up process in bearings can also be studied in a more focused manner.

关键词： starved lubrication Stribeck curve pin-on-disc tribometer fluid supply experimental studies

Blind spots in climate finance for innovation peter WARREN

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第1期11卷 60-64页

作者： peter WARREN School of Public Policy University College London(UCL)LondonWCIH 9QUUK

International climate finance is a sub-set of green finance and refers to investments specifically in climate change mitigation and adaptation activities,which primarily involve public finance and the leveraging of private finance in developing *** addition to continued international support for scaling low carbon solutions and facilitating replicability in developing countries,there remains an important need to increase the amount of climate finance provided to innovation,particularly demonstration(for technology innovation)and pilot implementation(for policy innovation),and to channel a greater proportion of Official Development Assistance(ODA)to‘hard-to-abate'areas,such as industrial decarbonisation,international transport and cross-sectoral issues like cooling and behavioural insights,to accelerate the commercialisation and implementation of technological,linancial and policy solutions to contribute to meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to‘well-below'2℃ in these *** research,development and demonstration(RD&D)support with technical assistance is important in providing the route to obtain wider donor finance(concessional finance)and private finance to enable deployment through scalability and replicability.

关键词： Climate finance Climate policy Paris Agreement Official development assistance Industrial decarbonisation Sustainable cooling Behavioural insights International transport

Serological biomarkers for management of primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第21期28卷 2291-2301页

作者： David Tornai peter Laszlo Ven peter Laszlo Lakatos Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases ERN RARE-LIVERDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary The First Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of PécsPécs H-7624BaranyaHungary Kálmán Laki Doctoral School of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health CentreMontreal QC H4A 3J1QuebecCanada The First Department of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityBudapest H-1083PestHungary

Clinical manifestations and progression of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)are heterogeneous,and its pathogenesis is poorly *** importance of gut-liver interactions in the pathogenesis has been clinically confirmed and highlighted in different *** advances regarding biomarkers of biliarygut crosstalk may help to identify clinically relevant PSC subgroups assisting everyday clinical work-up(e.g.,diagnosis,disease stratification,or surveillance)and the exploration of potential therapeutic *** phosphatase produced by the biliary epithelium is consistently associated with ***,its level shows natural fluctuation limiting its use in individual ***,cell activation,and tissue remodeling markers have been reported to predict clinical *** immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 level is associated with a shorter transplantation-free *** type atypical perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(P-ANCAs)are non-specific markers of various autoimmune liver diseases and may reflect an abnormal B-cell response to gut microbial *** type atypical P-ANCA identifies PSC patients with particular clinical and genetic(for human leukocyte antigens)*** presence of IgA type anti-F-actin antibody(AAA)may predict a progressive disease course,and it is associated with enhanced mucosal immune response to various microbial antigens and enterocyte *** type anti-glycoprotein 2(GP2)antibodies identify patients with a severe disease phenotype and poor survival due to enhanced fibrogenesis or development of *** soluble vascular adhesion protein-1(sVAP-1)level is associated with adverse disease outcomes in *** sVAP-1 levels correlate with mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1(MAdCAM-1)expression in the liver that contributes to gut activated T-cell homing to the hepatobiliary *** the present paper,we review the evidence on these possible serological ma

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Hepatobiliary Serological biomarker Immunoglobulin Inflammatory Tissue remodeling

Imposing temporal consistency on deep monocular body shape and pose estimation

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第1期9卷 123-139页

作者： Alexandra Zimmer Anna Hilsmann Wieland Morgenstern peter Eisert Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut 10587 BerlinGermany Technische Universit¨at Berlin 10623 BerlinGermany Humboldt Universit¨at zu Berlin 10117 BerlinGermany

Accurate and temporally consistent modeling of human bodies is essential for a wide range of applications,including character animation,understanding human social behavior,and AR/VR *** human motion accurately from a monocular image sequence remains challenging;modeling quality is strongly influenced by temporal consistency of the captured body *** work presents an elegant solution to integrating temporal constraints during *** increases both temporal consistency and robustness during *** detail,we derive parameters of a sequence of body models,representing shape and motion of a *** optimize these parameters over the complete image sequence,fitting a single consistent body shape while imposing temporal consistency on the body motion,assuming body joint trajectories to be linear over short *** approach enables the derivation of realistic 3D body models from image sequences,including jaw pose,facial expression,and articulated *** experiments show that our approach accurately estimates body shape and motion,even for challenging movements and ***,we apply it to the particular application of sign language analysis,where accurate and temporally consistent motion modelling is essential,and show that the approach is well-suited to this kind of application.

关键词： motion capture surface reconstruction face modeling body model estimation

Structure design and property of multiple-basis-element(MBE)alloys flexible films

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4837-4844页

作者： Hao Huang peter K.Liaw Yong Zhang Qinghai Provincial Engineering Research Center of High Performance Light Metal Alloys and Forming Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-2100USA Shunde Graduate School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China

A controlled wrinkled structure is a simple and effective approach to achieve unique properties and has been widely used in flexible *** this study,we reported a substrate prestrain method for fabricating wrinkle-structured Zr52Ti34Nb14 multiplebasis-element(MBE)alloy films as biocompatible *** in the film thickness and substrate prestraining enabled a precise control of the amplitude and wavelength of the wrinkled structures,ranging from micrometers to ***,owing to the flexibility of the wrinkled structures,the wrinkle-structure pattern could be adjusted by simply relaxing or further stretching of the substrate,leading to dynamically tunable transmittance and wetting *** result not only reveals Zr52Ti34Nb14 MBE alloy films as a potential flexible material,but also provides a new structural design approach for other MBE alloy systems.

关键词： multiple-basis-element alloy thin films microstructures optical transmission wetting behavior

Ultrastrong and ductile BCC high-entropy alloys with low-density via dislocation regulation and nanoprecipitates

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第15期110卷 109-116页

作者： Xuehui Yan peter K.Liaw Yong Zhang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996United States of America

The high strength is a typical advantage of body-centered-cubic high-entropy alloys(BCC–HEAs).However,brittleness and weak strain-hardening ability are still their Achilles'***,extraordinary strength together with good tensile ductility are achieved in(Zr_(0.5)Ti_(0.35)Nb_(0.15))_(100-x)Al_(x) alloys(at.%,x=10 and 20)at room *** low densities of less than 6 g/cm^(3)are exhibited in these *** nanoprecipitates and diversifying dislocation motions are the keys to achieving such salient *** is worth noting that the tensile strength of 1.8 GPa in(Zr_(0.5)Ti_(0.35)Nb_(0.15))_(80)Al_(20)alloy is a record-high value known in reported BCC–HEAs,as well as a tensile strain over 8%.Furthermore,the maximum strain of~25%in(Zr_(0.5)Ti_(0.35)Nb_(0.15))_(90)Al_(10)alloy can challenge existing limit value,and is accompanied with a tensile strength of 1.2 *** current work does not only provide novel ultra-strong and tough structural materials with low density,but also sheds new light on designing BCC–HEAs with attractive performances and strain-hardening ability.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Mechanical properties Dislocation Nanoprecipitates Strain hardening