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Relationship between the unique microstructures and behaviors of high-entropy alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1350-1363页

作者： Yaqi Wu peter kliaw Ruixuan Li Weiran Zhang Guihong Geng Xuehui Yan Guiqun Liu Yong Zhang State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710016China School of Materials Science and Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750030China GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China

High-entropy alloys(HEAs),which were introduced as a pioneering concept in 2004,have captured the keen interest of nu-merous ***,in this context,can be perceived as representing disorder and *** contrast,elemental composi-tions within alloy systems occupy specific structural sites in space,a concept referred to as *** accordance with Shannon entropy,structure is analogous to ***,the arrangement of atoms within a material,termed its structure,plays a pivotal role in dictating its *** addition to expanding the array of options for alloy composites,HEAs afford ample opportunities for diverse structural *** profound influence of distinct structural features on the exceptional behaviors of alloys is underscored by numer-ous *** features include remarkably high fracture strength with excellent ductility,antiballistic capability,exceptional radi-ation resistance,and corrosion *** this paper,we delve into various unique material structures and properties while elucidating the intricate relationship between structure and performance.

关键词： high-entropy alloys unique microstructure special properties alloy design

Effect of Magnetic Field Configuration on Stray-Crystal Formation with Different Platform Sizes during Directional Solidification of Single-Crystal Superalloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第5期37卷 904-914页

作者： Keke Lu Congjiang Zhang Xiaotan Yuan Hongbin Yu Weili Ren Biao Ding Haibiao Lu Yunbo Zhong Zuosheng Lei Hui Wang Qiuliang Wang peter kliaw Xuezhi Qin Lanzhang Zhou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced FerrometallurgyShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The magnetic field is an effective means to control the solidification structure and the defects of metal and semiconductor *** work investigates the effects of Cusp magnetic field(CMF)and longitudinal magnetic field(LMF)on the stray-crystal formation in the platform regions during the directional solidification of single-crystal superalloy with the different cross section *** application of CMF reduces the formation of platform stray-crystal,while LMF increases its *** the platform size increases,the stray-crystal ratio increases regardless of whether the magnetic fields are applied or not,the effectiveness of CMF increases,while that of LMF *** reason that the effects of CMF and LMF on the platform stray-crystal formation could be attributed to the change of flow structure from the distribution characteristics of the thermoelectric magnetic force and the magnetic damping force near the liquid-solid interface.

关键词： Stray-crystal Magnetic field Single-crystal superalloy Cross section change Directional solidification

Ti-Zr-Hf-Nb-Ta-Sn high-entropy alloys with good properties as potential biomaterials

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Rare Metals 2022年第7期41卷 2305-2315页

作者： Wei Yang Shu-Jie Pang Guan Wang Ying Liu peter kliaw Tao Zhang Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute Beijing 100024China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996USA

(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))_(100-x)Sn_(x)(x=3,5,and 7;at%)high-entropy alloys(HEAs)with good mechanical properties,corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility were developed as potential *** effects of Sn additions on the microstructure and properties of the HEAs were ***(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))_(100-x)Sn_(x) with x=3 at%exhibited the single body-centered-cubic(BCC)*** HEAs with the further increased Sn contents of x=5 at%and 7 at%were composed of a BCC phase and a hexagonal-close-packed(HCP)-(Sn,Zr)ordered *** addition of Sn improved the compres-sive yield strengths and hardness of the HEAs to 1068-1259 MPa and HV 315-HV 390,*** HEAs also possessed relatively low Young's moduli of 80-91 *** the present Ti-Zr-Hf-Nb-Ta-Sn HEAs,the(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))97Sn3 HEA exhibited the good combination of high yield strength of~1068 MPa,relatively low Young's modulus of 80 GPa,and good plasticity(~45%).The HEAs also possess good bio-corrosion resistance and biocompatibility,parallel to the Ti-6Al-4V *** Ti-Zr-Hf-Nb-Ta-Sn HEAs with the integration of the high yield strength,relatively low Young's modulus,and good corrosion resistance and bio-compatibility are promising for biomedical applications.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Biomaterials Microstructure Mechanical properties Corrosion Biocompatibility

Entropy versus enthalpy in hexagonal-close-packed highentropy alloys

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Rare Metals 2022年第8期41卷 2906-2920页

作者： Xin-Wei Yang Xiao-Hui Shi Hui-Jun Yang Jun-Wei Qiao peter kliaw Yu-Cheng Wu College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxville37996USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230000China

The addition of hexagonal-close-packed(hcp)non-rare-earth elements Zr,Ti and Co,to the 10-component hep rare-earth-based high-entropy alloys(HEAs)with a composition of ScYLaNdGdTbDyHoErLuX(X=Zr,Co and Ti)was *** enthalpy of mixing between elements was found to have a significant effect on the formation of *** addition of Co combines with elements that had a strong chemical affinity to form intermetallic compounds by the effect of *** was added with all elements with poor chemical affinity and exhibited rejection to form a phase *** were the two terminal manifestations of the role of enthalpy over *** of Zr was soluble in the matrix under the action of entropy,while the other part had a greater affinity for Sc than the other elements to form a precipitate under the action of *** was the result of the local balance between the effect of enthalpy and *** solid solution of the elements had different degrees of strengthening effect,among which Zr had the most excellent strengthening effect from 185 to 355 MPa,so the solid solution strengthening model and precipitation strengthening model were proposed to predict the strength of the alloy with the addition of Zr effectively.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Hexagonal close-packed(hcp) Phase formation rule Configuration entropy Mechanical properties

Chemical-element-distribution-mediated deformation partitioning and its control mechanical behavior in high-entropy alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第25期120卷 99-107页

作者： Jia Li Baobin Xie Quanfeng He Bin Liu Xin Zeng peter kliaw Qihong Fang Yong Yang Yong Liu College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA

The chemical element distributions always strongly affect the deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties of alloying ***,the detailed atomic origin still remains unknown in highentropy alloys(HEAs)with a stable random solid ***,considering the effect of elemental fluctuation distribution,the deformation behavior and mechanical response of the widely-studied equimolar random Co Cr Fe Mn Ni HEA are investigated by atomic simulations combined with machine learning and micro-pillar compression *** elemental anisotropy factor is proposed,and then used to evaluate the chemical element *** experimental and simulation results show that the local variations of chemical compositions exist and play a critical role in the deformation partitioning and mechanical *** high strength and good plasticity of HEAs are obtained via tuning the chemical element distributions,and the optimal elemental anisotropy factor ranges from 2.9 to 3 using machine *** trend can be attributed to the cooperative mechanisms depending on the local variational composition:massive partial dislocation multiplication at an initial stage of plastic deformation,and the inhibition of localized shear banding via the nucleation of deformation twinning at a later *** the new insights gained here,it would be possible to create new metallic alloys with superior properties through thermal-mechanical treatment to tailoring the chemical element distribution.

关键词： Machine learning High-entropy alloy Plasticity High strength Atomic simulation

Microstructures and mechanical behavior of the bimetallic additively-manufactured structure(BAMS)of austenitic stainless steel and Inconel 625

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第15期74卷 176-188页

作者： Md.R.U.Ahsan Xuesong Fan Gi-Jeong Seo Changwook Ji Mark Noakes Andrzej Nycz peter kliaw Duck Bong Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Tennessee Technological UniversityCookevilleTN38505United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996United States Department of Manufacturing and Engineering Technology Tennessee Technological UniversityCookevilleTN38505United States Advanced Forming Process R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyUlsan 44413South Korea Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830United States

Bimetallic additively manufactured structures(BAMSs)can replace traditionally-fabricated functionallygraded-components through fusion welding processes and can eliminate locally-deteriorated mechanical properties arising from *** present work fabricates a BAMS by sequentially depositing the austenitic stainless-steel and Inconel625 using a gas-metal-arc-welding(GMAW)-based wire+arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)*** mapping shows a smooth compositional transition at the interface without any *** materials being the face-center-cubic(FCC)austenite,the electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)analysis of the interface shows the smooth and cross-interfacecrystallographic growth of long-elongated grains in the*** hardness values were within the range of 220-240 HV for both materials without a large deviation at the *** to the controlled thermal history,mechanical testing yielded a consistent result with the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 600 MPa and 40%,respectively,with the failure location on the stainless-steel *** study demonstrates that WAAM has the potential to fabricate BAMS with controlled properties.

关键词： WAAM Additive manufacturing BAMS Functionally-graded structures Microstructures Mechanical properties

Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶钢微观组织与腐蚀行为

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金属学报 2020年第5期56卷 715-722页

作者：赵燕春毛雪晶李文生孙浩李春玲赵鹏彪寇生中 peter kliaw 兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属加工与再利用国家重点实验室兰州730050 Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-2200USA 兰州理工大学机电工程学院兰州730050

采用水冷铜坩埚磁悬浮熔炼-铜模负压吸铸法制备了Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶复合材料棒状试样,通过XRD和EBSD对合金的微观组织进行表征,并研究试样室温压缩力学性能;采用电化学工作站三电极体系测试试样在人工海水中的腐蚀行为,并利用SE... 详细信息

采用水冷铜坩埚磁悬浮熔炼-铜模负压吸铸法制备了Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶复合材料棒状试样,通过XRD和EBSD对合金的微观组织进行表征,并研究试样室温压缩力学性能;采用电化学工作站三电极体系测试试样在人工海水中的腐蚀行为,并利用SEM和EDS观察和分析电化学腐蚀后的形貌及腐蚀产物。结果表明,Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶复合材料试样组织由非晶相+晶体相(CFe15.1过冷奥氏体相和Fe-Cr铁素体相)组成,试样在室温环境下的综合力学性能优异,屈服强度、断裂强度和塑性应变分别为978 MPa、2645 MPa和35.8%。试样在人工海水中表现出良好的耐蚀性,与304不锈钢相比,Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶复合材料自腐蚀电位大,自腐蚀电流密度低,极化电阻高,容抗弧半径大且只有一个高频容抗弧,只受电极电位的影响,腐蚀的动力学速率低,钝化膜稳定致密,具有成为新一代海洋工程耐蚀材料的潜力。

关键词：非晶钢微观组织力学性能腐蚀行为

Stress-controlled fatigue of HfNbTaTiZr high-entropy alloy and associated deformation and fracture mechanisms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第19期114卷 191-205页

作者： Shuying Chen Weidong Li Ling Wang Tao Yuan Yang Tong Ko-Kai Tseng Jien-Wei Yeh Qingang Xiong Zhenggang Wu Fan Zhang Tingkun Liu Kun Li peter kliaw Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Ohio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering High Entropy Materials CenterNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013TaiwanChina State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Light Industry and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The stress-controlled fatigue tests are carried out at a stress ratio of 0.1 and a frequency of 10 Hz,and span both low-cycle and high-cycle regimes by varying the applied stress *** high-cycle fa-tigue regime gives a fatigue strength of 497 MPa and a fatigue ratio of *** equivalent conditions,the alloy’s fatigue strength is greater than all other high-entropy alloys(HEAs)with reported high-cycle fatigue data,dilute body-centered cubic alloys,and many structural alloys such as steels,titanium al-loys,and aluminum *** in-depth analyses of crack-propagation trajectories,fracture-surface morphologies and deformation plasticity by means of various microstructural analysis techniques and theoretical frameworks,the alloy’s remarkable fatigue resistance is attributed to delayed crack initiation in the high-cycle regime,which is achieved by retarding the formation of localized persistent slip bands,and its good resistance to crack propagation in the low-cycle regime,which is accomplished by intrin-sic toughening backed up by extrinsic ***,the stochastic nature of the fatigue data is neatly captured with a 2-parameter Weibull model.

关键词： Fatigue mechanisms Intrinsic toughening Extrinsic toughening Probabilistic modeling