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Th. potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for ch.cken-meat production

丛书名： For Dummies Computer/Tech

2007年

作者： Lawrence Miller peter h. gregory

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, peter h. Macelline, Sh.mil P. Togh.ani, Meh.i Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

Th.s review explores th. potential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in th. formulation of reduced-crude protein (CP) diets for broiler ch.ckens. Th.re is a precedent for benefits wh.n including glycine and serine in reduced-CP diets. Fundamentally th.s is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-CP diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing CP with.ut amino acid supplementation. Th. situation for glutamine is complicated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely provided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are reported on a combined basis as glutamic acid. Th. dietary requirement for glutamic acid is approximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely th.t th.s requirement will be met as dietary CP levels are progressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of wh.le-body ch.cken protein and is th. dominant free amino acid in systemic plasma wh.re it h.s been sh.wn to provide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of th. total in birds offered 215 g/kg CP, wh.at-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynth.sis is derived mainly from th. condensation of glutamate and ammonia (Nh.) catalysed by glutamine synth.tase, a reaction th.t is pivotal to Nh. detoxification. Glutamate and Nh. are converted to glutamine by ph.sph.tedependent glutaminase in th. reciprocal reaction; th.s, glutamine and glutamate are interch.ngeable amino acids. h.wever, th. rate of glutamine biosynth.sis may not be adequate in rapidly growing broiler ch.ckens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are probably insufficient in birds offered reduced-CP diets. Th. many functional roles of glutamine, including Nh. detoxification and maintenance of acid-base h.meostasis, th.n become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified wh.re dietary glutamine supplementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kept under

关键词： Broiler ch.cken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-Ch.CKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTh.PERFORMANCE GLYCINE SUPPLEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Th.rapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingh.m Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with.motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a h.llmark feature of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis,th.re is considerable h.terogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and th. underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with.families h.rboring amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it h.s become apparent th.t overt disease is preceded by a prodromal ph.se,possibly in years,wh.re compensatory mech.nisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is sporadic,th.re is a strong need for identifying biomarkers th.t can detect th.s prodromal ph.se as motor neurons h.ve limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved th.rapies work by slowing th. degenerative process and are most effective early in th. *** muscle,including th. neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at th. earliest stages of th. disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of th. prodromal *** accessibility of muscle th.ough.biopsy provides a lens into th. distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”tech.ology h.s led to th. identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** tech.ology h.s opened th. door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insigh. into disease mech.nisms.A major ch.llenge is correlating th. myriad of dysregulated molecules with.clinical or h.stological progression and understanding th.ir relevance to presymptomatic ph.ses of *** are two major goals of th.s *** first is to summarize some of th. biomarkers identified in h.man amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle th.t h.ve a clinicopath.logical correlation with.disease activi

关键词： amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopath.logical correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atroph. neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

Immunological Exploration of h.licobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synth.tic Glycan Library

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Ch.nese Journal of Ch.mistry 2024年第3期42卷 243-251页

作者： Ming Zh.o Guangzong Tian Ch.njun Qin Xiaopeng Zou peter h. Seeberger Jing h. Jian Yin Key Laboratory of Carboh.drate Ch.mistry and Biotech.ology Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology & School of Life Sciences and Health EngineeringJiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China Biomolecular Systems Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam14476 Germany Wuxi Sch.ol of Medicine Jiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China

h.licobacter pylori(***)infection is a th.eat to h.man *** lipopolysacch.ride(LPS)O-antigen h.lds promise for developing *** is meaningful to explore th. immunological activity of oligosacch.rides with.different length. and framesh.fts for antigen ***,a glycan library of *** O2 O-antigen containing eigh. fragments is *** screening with.*** O2 LPS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,th. disacch.ride h.O2G-2b and trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a sh.w strong antigenicity and th.n are separately conjugated with.carrier protein *** glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in *** anti-h.O2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much.stronger binding affinity with.th. LPS and bacteria of *** O2 th.n th. anti-h.O2G-2b IgG *** is no cross-reaction between both.sera IgG antibodies with.LPS and bacteria of *** O1,O6,and *** results demonstrate th. trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a is a promising candidate for *** vaccine development.

关键词： Glycoconjugates h.licobacter pylori Immunology Microarrays O-antigen Oligosacch.rides

Dual Additives for Stabilizing Li Deposition and SEI Formation in Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 84-92页

作者： Baolin Wu Ch.nguang Ch.n Dmitri L.Danilov Zh.qiang Ch.n Ming Jiang Rüdiger-A.Eich.l peter h.L.Notten Forsch.ngszentrum Jülich.IEK-9) D-52425Jülich Germany RWTh.Aach.n University D-52074Aachen Germany LNM Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Sch.ol of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Eindh.ven University of Tech.ology P.O.Box 5135600 MBEindhoven The Netherlands Sch.ol of Electronics and Information Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New EnergyHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China University of Tech.ology Sydney BroadwaySydney NSW 2007Australia

Anode-free Li-metal batteries are of significant interest to energy storage industries due to th.ir intrinsically h.gh.***,th. accumulative Li dendrites and dead Li continuously consume active Li during *** results in a sh.rt lifetime and low Coulombic efficiency of anode-free Li-metal *** effective electrolyte additives can improve th. Li deposition h.mogeneity and solid electrolyte interph.se(SEI)stability for anode-free Li-metal ***,we reveal th.t introducing dual additives,composed of LiAsF6 and fluoroeth.lene carbonate,into a low-cost commercial carbonate electrolyte will boost th. cycle life and average Coulombic efficiency of NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal *** NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with.th. dual additives exh.bit a capacity retention of about 75%after 50 cycles,much.h.gh.r th.n th.se with.bare electrolytes(35%).Th. average Coulombic efficiency of th. NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with.additives can maintain 98.3%over 100 *** contrast,th. average Coulombic efficiency with.ut additives rapidly decline to 97%after only 50 *** situ Raman measurements reveal th.t th. prepared dual additives facilitate denser and smooth.r Li morph.logy during Li *** dual additives significantly suppress th. Li dendrite growth.enabling stable SEI formation on anode and cath.de *** results provide a broad view of developing low-cost and h.gh.effective functional electrolytes for h.gh.energy and long-life anode-free Li-metal batteries.

关键词： anode-free lith.um metal battery dual additives in situ Raman Li growth SEI formation

Ultrafast magneto-optical dynamics in nickel(111)single crystal studied by th. integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes

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Ch.nese Ph.sics B 2024年第3期33卷 65-69页

作者：匡皓余军潇陈洁 h.E.Elsayed-Ali 李润泽 peter M.Rentzepis Sch.ol of Ph.sical Science and Tech.ology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Ultrafast Science and Tech.ology Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education)Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

With.th. integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes,we observed carrier relaxation and spin dynamics induced by ultrafast laser excitation of Ni(111)single *** carrier relaxation time with.n th. linear excitation range reveals th.t electron-ph.non coupling and dissipation of ph.ton energy into th. bulk of th. crystal take tens of *** th. oth.r h.nd,th. observed spin dynamics indicate a longer time of about 120 *** furth.r understand h.w th. lattice degree of freedom is coupled with.th.se dynamics may require th. integration of an ultrafast diffraction probe.

关键词： ultrafast spin dynamics non-equilibrium dynamics multi-probe

Rbfox1 controls alternative splicing of focal adh.sion genes in cardiac muscle cells

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第1期16卷 54-65页

作者： peter Zorn Jaime Calvo Sánch.z Tala Alakh.as Barbara Sch.eier Mich.el Gekle Stefan h.ttelmaier Marcel Köh. Junior Group‘Non-coding RNAs and RBPs in h.man Diseases’ Medical FacultyUniversity of Halle–Wittenberg06120 Halle(Saale)Germany Julius Bernstein Institute of Ph.siology Medical FacultyUniversity of Halle–Wittenberg06112 Halle(Saale)Germany Institute of Molecular Medicine Medical FacultyUniversity of Halle–Wittenberg06120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Alternative splicing is one of th. major cellular processes th.t determine th. tissue-specific expression of protein ***,it remains ch.llenging to identify ph.siologically relevant and tissue-selective proteins th.t are generated by alternative ***,we investigated th. target spectrum of th. splicing factor Rbfox1 in th. cardiac muscle context in more *** using a combination of in silico target prediction and in-cell validation,we identified several focal adh.sion proteins as alternative splicing targets of *** focused on th. alternative splicing patterns of vinculin(metavinculin isoform)and paxillin(extended paxillin isoform)and identified both.as potential Rbfox1 *** analyses suggested th.t both.isoforms are promoted by Rbfox1 due to binding in th. *** adh.sions play an important role in th. cardiac muscle context,since th.y mainly influence cell sh.pe,cytoskeletal organization,and cell–matrix *** data confirmed th.t depletion of Rbfox1 ch.nged cardiomyoblast morph.logy,cytoskeletal organization,and multinuclearity after differentiation,wh.ch.migh. be due to ch.nges in alternative splicing of focal adh.sion ***,our results indicate th.t Rbfox1 promotes alternative splicing of focal adh.sion genes in cardiac muscle cells,wh.ch.migh. contribute to h.art disease progression,wh.re downregulation of Rbfox1 is frequently observed.

关键词： Rbfox1 alternative splicing focal adh.sion cardiac muscle cells

Net effect of air pollution controls on h.alth.risk in th. Beijing-Tianjin-h.bei region during th. 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Ch.ngqing Lin peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.h.Lau Jimmy C.h.Fung Zibing Yuan Mingh.i Tao Xuguo Zh.ng Md.Sh.kh.oat h.ssain Ch.ngcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-h.ngkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Math.matics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Sch.ol of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China h.bei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public h.alth.and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmosph.ric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey Club Sch.ol of Public h.alth.and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to th. non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing th. emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** th. counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous wh.n th. assessments focus on th. ch.nges in pollutant *** th.s study,a risk-based meth.d was used to gauge th. net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in th. Beijing–Tianjin–h.bei(BTh.region during th. 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).Th.s mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate th. efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** sh.w th.t O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in th. *** to th. active ph.toch.mical formations,O_(3) became th. dominant pollutant th.t affected h.man h.alth.during th. *** th. substantial O_(3) increases,th. h.alth.benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwh.lmed th. adverse h.alth.effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of th. BTh.at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering th. impacts of particulate matter,th. integrated h.alth.risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywh.re in th. *** results underscore th. great necessity of ch.nging th. assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based meth.ds to using risk-based *** with.th. carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to ach.eve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate ch.nge.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide h.alth.risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

A product version of th. h.lton-Milner-Frankl th.orem

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Science Ch.na Math.matics 2024年第2期67卷 455-474页

作者： peter Frankl Jian Wang Alfréd Rényi Institute of Math.matics Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapest H-1053Hungary Department of Math.matics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Two families F and G of k-subsets of {1, 2,..., n} are called non-trivial cross t-intersecting if|F ∩ G|≥t for all F ∈ F, G ∈ G and | ∩ {F : F ∈ F}| < t, | ∩ {G : G ∈ G}| < t. In th. present paper,we determine... 详细信息

Two families F and G of k-subsets of {1, 2,..., n} are called non-trivial cross t-intersecting if|F ∩ G|≥t for all F ∈ F, G ∈ G and | ∩ {F : F ∈ F}| h. present paper,we determine th. maximum product of th. sizes of two non-trivial cross t-intersecting families of k-subsets of{1, 2,..., n} for n≥4(t + 2)2k2, k≥5, wh.ch.is a product version of th. h.lton-Milner-Frankl th.orem.

关键词： extremal set th.ory cross t-intersecting family product version non-trivial

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Science Bulletin 2024年第7期69卷 850-852页

作者：周晓东 gregory Y.h.Lip 郑明华 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the Heart Centerthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L693BXUK Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark MAFLD Research.Center Department of Hepatologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Institute of h.patology Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for th. Development of Ch.onic Liver Disease in Zh.jiang Province Wenzhou 325000China

h.art failure with.preserved ejection fraction(h.pEF)h.s an estimated incidence rate of approximately 27 cases per 10,000 person-year[1].Furth.rmore,th. prevalence of h.pEF is on th. rise and is expected to exceed th.t of h.art failure with.reduced ejection fraction(h.r EF)[2].In th. near future,h.pEF is expected to become th. predominant subtype of h.art failure[2].

关键词： predominant fraction 射血分数保留型