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Linking the effect of localised pitting corrosion with mechanical integrity of a rare earth magnesium alloy for implant use

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 32-43页

作者： Kerstin van Gaalen Conall Quinn Felix Benn peter e.McHugh Alexander Kopp Ted J.Vaughan Biomechanics Research Centre(BioMeC) Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland Meotec GmbH AachenGermany School of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom

This study presents a computational framework that investigates the effect of localised surface-based corrosion on the mechanical performance of a magnesium-based alloy.A finite element-based phenomenological corrosion model was used to generate a wide range of corrosion profiles,with subsequent uniaxial tensile test simulations to predict the mechanical response to *** python-based detection framework PitScan provides detailed quantification of the spatial phenomenological features of corrosion,including a full geometric tracking of corroding *** this approach,this study is the first to quantitatively demonstrate that a surface-based non-uniform corrosion model can capture both the geometrical and mechanical features of a magne-sium alloy undergoing corrosion by comparing to experimental *** this verified corrosion modelling approach,a wide range of corrosion scenarios was evaluated and enabled quantitative relationships to be established between the mechanical integrity and key phenomenological corrosion *** particular,we demonstrated that the minimal cross-sectional area parameter was the strongest predictor of the remaining mechanical strength(R2=0.98),with this relationship being independent of the severity or spatial features of localised surface ***,our analysis demonstrated that parameters described in ASTM G46-94 showed weaker correlations to the mechanical integrity of corroding specimens,compared to parameters determined by *** study establishes new mechanistic insight into the performance of the magnesium-based materials undergoing corrosion.

关键词： Magnesium Localised corrosion Corrosion modelling Phenomenology FeM

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Ultrafast magneto-optical dynamics in nickel(111)single crystal studied by the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 65-69页

作者：匡皓余军潇陈洁 H.e.elsayed-Ali 李润泽 peter M.Rentzepis School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education)Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of electrical and Computer engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USA Department of electrical and Computer engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

With the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes,we observed carrier relaxation and spin dynamics induced by ultrafast laser excitation of Ni(111)single *** carrier relaxation time within the linear excitation range reveals that electron-phonon coupling and dissipation of photon energy into the bulk of the crystal take tens of *** the other hand,the observed spin dynamics indicate a longer time of about 120 *** further understand how the lattice degree of freedom is coupled with these dynamics may require the integration of an ultrafast diffraction probe.

关键词： ultrafast spin dynamics non-equilibrium dynamics multi-probe

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Maintaining biodiversity will define our long-term success

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Plant Diversity 2020年第4期42卷 211-220页

作者： peter Raven Mathis Wackernagel Missouri Botanical Garden 4344 Shaw BlvdSt.LouisMO63110USA Global Footprint Network 1528 Webster StreetSuite 11OaklandCA94612USA

Human beings are not only a part of our planet's ecosystems,but also,they are massively overusing *** makes ecosystem protection,including biodiversity preservation,vital for humanity's *** speed and scale of the threat are unprecedented in human *** long arch of evolution has been confronted with such a high level of human impact,that we are now facing the sixth mass extinction event,66 million years after the last *** threat heightens the imperative for bold human *** paper identifies three strategies for such an ***,and possibly most challenging,human demand needs to be curbed so it fits within the bounds of what earth's ecosystems can *** meeting this quantitative goal,biodiversity preservation efforts will not be able to get ***,in the transition time,we must focus on those locations and areas where most biodiversity is *** a focus on‘hotspots’will help safeguard the largest portion of biodiversity with least ***,to direct biodiversity preservation strategies,we need to much better document the existence and distribution of biodiversity around the *** information technologies could help with this critical *** conclusion,biodiversity preservation is no longer just a concern for specialized biologist but is becoming a societal necessity if humanity wants to have a stable future.

关键词： Biodiversity Hotspots Biocapacity Conservation strategy

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emerging and Innovative Materials for Hydropower engineering Applications:Turbines,Bearings,Sealing,Dams and Waterways,and Ocean Power

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engineering 2022年第1期8卷 148-158页

作者： emanuele Quaranta peter Davies european Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra 21027Italy Marine Structures Laboratory IFREMER Centre BretagnePlouzané29280France

The hydropower sector is currently experiencing several technological *** technologies and practices are emerging to make hydropower more flexible and more *** materials have also been recently developed to increase performance,durability,and reliability;however,no systematic discussions can be found in the ***,in this paper,novel materials for hydropower applications are presented,and their performance,advantages,and limitations are *** example,composites can reduce the weight of steel equipment by 50%to 80%,polymers and superhydrophobic materials can reduce head losses by 4%to 20%,and novel bearing materials can reduce bearing wear by 6%.These improvements determine higher efficiencies,longer life span,waste reduction,and maintenance needs,although the initial cost of some materials is not yet competitive with respect to the costs of traditional *** novel materials are described here based on the following categories:novel materials for turbines,dams and waterways,bearings,seals,and ocean hydropower.

关键词： Bearing Composite Dam Hydropower Material Ocean Seal Turbine

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Spatial and Temporal Validation of In-Situ and Satellite Weather Data for the South West Agricultural Region of Australia

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第1期36卷 175-192页

作者： Tristan CAMPBeLL peter FeARNS Centre for Mine Site Restoration Curtin University of TechnologyWA 6102Australia Remote Sensing and Satellite Research Group Curtin University of TechnologyWA 6102Australia

Seasonal variations in weather have significant impacts on crop *** accuracy of weather data is an important consideration for crop yield *** study uses an independent in-situ weather station network to validate the accuracy of monthly temperature and precipitation data from the in-situ weather station network operated by the Bureau of Meteorology(BOM),interpolated gridded data from this network,and satellite weather data for the South West Agricultural Region of *** region covers five classes of the K?ppen-Geiger climate classification system and is responsible for 10 billion AUD of agricultural produce annually.A strong bias was found for the maximum temperatures in the Copernicus LST(land surface temperature)satellite *** bias was linearly correlated with the in-situ temperature and exceeded 20℃in warmer *** to the bias’s linear nature,a linear correction was able to reduce the root-mean-square error(RMSe)of the Copernicus LST product by 82%.This process was tested for other regions of Australia and,despite some regional differences,a linear correction consistently reduced RMSe by 80%.The validation process demonstrated that the dataset with reliably the lowest RMSe is the gridded weather data calculated from BOM’s in-situ weather *** neighbor in-situ weather stations generally had the next lowest RMSe,followed by weather-station corrected satellite products and lastly the non-weather station corrected satellite *** the in-situ gridded product generally had the lowest RMSe,there were spatial and seasonal *** maximum temperatures were more accurately measured by the bias-corrected Copernicus LST product in the northern and eastern extents(where there is a lower density of BOM in-situ stations).Monthly minimum temperatures from the Copernicus LST product had similar to slightly better RMSe than the Australian Water Availability Project(AWAP)product for the southern half of the study ar

关键词： Australian Water Availability Project land surface temperature satellite precipitation validation

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Se Asian Cenozoic Larger Foraminifera:Taxonomic Questions,Apparent Radiation and Abrupt extinctions

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Journal of earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1378-1399页

作者： peter Lunt Xiwu Luan College of earth Science and engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology(SDUST)Qingdao266579China Stratos energy Advisors Kuala LumpurMalaysia

The Cenozoic larger foraminifera are important for biostratigraphy in Se *** review examines the taxonomic inconsistencies of this group and especially the confusion over concepts of evolution,migration,radiation and *** is proposed that from the Mediterranean to Indo-Pacific,Latest eocene through Miocene,larger foraminifera populations were more homogenous than previously *** show a slow morphological radiation interrupted by several *** pattern is superimposed on a long-term decline in larger foraminiferal *** dating of the major biostratigraphic events are *** main lineages of larger foraminifera can be classified by their evolutionary *** classically“large”genera have highly peramorphic trends achieved through strong orthoselection,and these lineages were the most severely hit by a series of Mid-eocene to Mid-Miocene extinction *** carbonate facies taxa that are traditionally grouped with the larger foraminifera are characterised by weak paramorphism,and these were much less affected by the extinction *** of these weakly peramorphic forms underwent Latest Miocene to recent radiation to and locally become rock-forming *** three major and one minor larger foraminiferal extinction events since the Mid eocene coincide with abrupt tectonic events across Se ***,there are probably multiple causes for these extinctions,including global climatic changes.

关键词： larger foraminifera evolution biostratigraphy extinction

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State of Science:Why Does Rework Occur in Construction?What Are Its Consequences?And What Can be Done to Mitigate Its Occurrence?

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engineering 2022年第11期18卷 246-258页

作者： peter e.D.Love Jane Matthews Michael C.P.Sing Stuart R.Porter Weili Fang School of Civil and Mechanical engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia School of Architecture and Built environment Deakin University Geelong Waterfront CampusGeelongVIC 3220Australia School of Architecture and Built environment The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Civil and Building Systems Technische Universität BerlinBerlin 13156Germany

There has been a wealth of research that has examined the nature of rework in *** toward addressing the rework problem has been limited-it still plagues practice,adversely impacting a project’s *** all rework studies have focused on determining its proximal or root causes and therefore have overlooked the conditions that result from its *** filling this void,this paper draws upon our previous empirical studies,amongst others,to provide a much-needed theoretical framing to understand better why rework occurs,what its consequences are,and how it can be mitigated during *** theoretical framing we derive from our review provides construction organizations and their projects with a realization that the journey to mitigating rework begins with creating an error-mastery culture comprising authentic leadership,psychological safety,an errormanagement orientation,and *** suggest that,once an error-mastery culture is established within construction organizations and their projects,they will be better positioned to realize the benefits of the techniques,tools,and technologies espoused to address rework,such as the Last Planner® and building information *** also provide directions for future research and identify implications for practice so that strides toward rework mitigation in construction can be made.

关键词： Construction errors error-mastery culture Pathogens Rework Violations

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Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： peter H.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and experimental Therapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a hallmark feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,there is considerable heterogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and the underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with families harboring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it has become apparent that overt disease is preceded by a prodromal phase,possibly in years,where compensatory mechanisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is sporadic,there is a strong need for identifying biomarkers that can detect this prodromal phase as motor neurons have limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies work by slowing the degenerative process and are most effective early in the *** muscle,including the neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at the earliest stages of the disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of the prodromal *** accessibility of muscle through biopsy provides a lens into the distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”technology has led to the identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** technology has opened the door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insight into disease mechanisms.A major challenge is correlating the myriad of dysregulated molecules with clinical or histological progression and understanding their relevance to presymptomatic phases of *** are two major goals of this *** first is to summarize some of the biomarkers identified in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle that have a clinicopathological correlation with disease activi

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopathological correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atrophy neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

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MADM gives new insights into gliomagenesis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第5期3卷 273-275页

作者： Liang Lei peter Canoll Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA

In their recent paper,Liu et al.(2011)make use of an elegant genetic mouse model to study the formation of malignant brain *** findings add strong support to the growing body of evidence from several labs showing that some gliomas arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs).They also provide new insights,and raise new questions,regarding where,when,and how malignant gliomas form.

关键词： glioma al. malignant

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3D SLOPe STABILITY ANALYSIS WITH KINeMATICAL eLeMeNT TeCHNIQUe

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1999年第2期9卷 218-222页

作者： Cao, Ping Gussmann, peter Central South Univ of Technology Changsha China

１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅａｎａｌｙｔｉｃａｌｏｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｓｌｏｐｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｉｓｔｏｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｔｈｅｆａｃｔｏｒｏｆｓａｆｅｔｙ（Ｆｓ）ａｇａｉｎｓｔｓｌｉｄｉｎｇ，ｔｈｅｌｉｍｉｔｅｑ... 详细信息

１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅａｎａｌｙｔｉｃａｌｏｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｓｌｏｐｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｉｓｔｏｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｔｈｅｆａｃｔｏｒｏｆｓａｆｅｔｙ（Ｆｓ）ａｇａｉｎｓｔｓｌｉｄｉｎｇ，ｔｈｅｌｉｍｉｔｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ...

关键词： kinematical element methodstability analysisthree dimensional slope

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