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Atomic crosschain Transactions for Ethereum Private Sidechains

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2022年第1期3卷 23-39页

作者： peter Robinson Raghavendra Ramesh Sandra Johnson consenSys Software R&D Brisbane4520Australia School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia ARc centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers(AcEMS) Queensland University of TechnologyQueensland 4001Australia

The Atomic crosschain Transaction for Ethereum Private Sidechains protocol allows composable programming across permissioned Ethereum *** allows for inter-contract and inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and atomic:if one part fails,the whole call tree of function calls is *** protocol is not based on existing techniques such as Hash Time Locked contracts,relay chains,block header transfer,or trusted *** uses(a)threshold signatures to prove values across blockchains,(b)coordination contracts to manage the state of crosschain transactions,and(c)a function call tree commitment scheme to allow users to commit to a call tree and then later check that the correct function calls have been *** paper analyses the processing overhead of using this technique compared to using multiple standard non-atomic single blockchain *** additional processing is analysed for four scenarios involving multiple blockchains:a Trade–Finance system,the Hotel–Train problem,a Supply chain with Provenance,and an *** protocol is shown to have both safety and liveness properties.

关键词： crosschain Blockchain Transaction Atomic Ethereum

Local Brand Smoking Among Adult Smokers:Findings from the Wave 5 International Tobacco control china Survey--china,2015

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china cDc weekly 2022年第21期4卷 452-459,I0002页

作者： peter Hao Steve Shaowei Xu Haiyen Sung Tingting Yao Yuan Jiang Anne c.K.Quah Geoffrey T.Fong chinese center for Disease control and Prevention BeijingChina University of Waterloo WaterlooOntarioCanada Institute for Health&Aging School of NursingUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA center for Tobacco control Research and Education University of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Tobacco control Office Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Ontario Institute for cancer Research TorontoOntarioCanada.

Summary What is already known about this topic?Branding of cigarettes may play a role in shaping the smoking behaviors of chinese smokers,and local brand(LB)cigarettes may reflect this influence because of greater tax and non-tax incentives compared to *** of these brands are regional flagships that market to smokers using local landmarks or *** is added by this report?LB brands were significantly more likely to be the usual brand of smokers residing in provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)that produced their own LB cigarettes[adjusted odds ratio(AOR):30.95;95%confidence interval(cI):26.36–36.49]compared to those residing in PLADs that had non-local ventures with non-LB ***,smokers residing in urban areas were found to be less likely to smoke LB cigarettes(AOR:0.79;95%cI:0.67–0.93)compared to those in rural *** are the implications for public health practice?These findings suggest that LB smoking may be a result of industry-driven incentives to boost LB sales,fueled by such as supply-side strategies to boost LB sales or targeted cultural/social marketing that appeals to certain demographic *** addressing these incentives to support LBs would be challenging given the nature of china’s tobacco industry,doing so would have potential to reduce cigarette smoking and ultimately the health burden of smoking in china.

关键词： venture smoke likely

Seed rain and soil seed bank compensatory roles on Nassella tenuis(Phil.)Barkworth seedling recruitment in ungrazed and grazed sites

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第5期14卷 550-560页

作者： cintia Vanesa LEDER Dianela Alejandra cALVO Guadalupe peter Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Sede AtlánticaCentro de Estudios Ambientales desde la NorPatagonia(Center of Environmental Studies from North Patagonia(CEANPa)National University of Río Negro)Viedma 8504Argentina Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Sede AtlánticaCentro de Estudios Ambientales desde la NorPatagonia-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(CONICET)(Center of Environmental Studies from North Patagonia(CEANPa)National University of Río Negro)Viedma 8504Argentina

In semi-arid lands,vegetation is distributed in shrub patches immersed in a less vegetated interpatch *** affects perennial grass seed bank through a decrease in seed rain and an increase in seed predation and soil ***,some species with anchorage mechanisms in their seeds might overcome this,such as Nassella tenuis(Phil.)*** is an important species in grazing paddocks because it has an intermediate palatability and its relatively tolerant to *** characteristics allow *** to increase its abundance in grazed *** objective was to assess how grazing affects the key palatable species from seeds to seedlings:i.e.,seed rain,soil seed bank,and seedling recruitment in different microsites along a windward-leeward transect across shrub *** hypothesized that:(1)the negative effects of grazing on *** fructification are reflected in its seed rain,soil seed bank,and seedling recruitment,especially in interpatches;(2)Nassella tenuis seed rain reduction,soil compaction by cattle in grazed sites,and removal of seeds by wind decrease its soil seed bank,especially in microsites exposed to the predominant wind;and(3)the decrease in *** soil seed bank and cover increase in annual species in grazed sites have negative effects on its seedling recruitment,especially in microsites exposed to predominant *** placed seed traps,collected soil samples,and monitored seedling recruitment in different locations around shrub canopy to address our ***,we established a manipulative experiment in which we sow *** seeds and followed its recruitment in different *** compared the seed rain,soil seed bank,natural seedling recruitment,and sown seeds recruitment of *** between grazed and ungrazed *** analyzed differences between microsites along a windward-leeward transect across shrubs *** rain and soil seed bank had the same density in patches and interpatches both in ungrazed a

关键词： seed rain soil seed bank seedling recruitment microsites grazing

Stress reduction via neuro-emotional technique to achieve the simultaneous resolution of chronic low back pain with multiple inflammatory and biobehavioural indicators:A randomized,double-blinded,placebo-controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第2期20卷 135-144页

作者： peter Bablis Henry Pollard Anthony L.Rosner Universal Health New South Wales 2028Australia School of Medical and Applied Sciences University of Central QueenslandBrisbaneNew South Wales 4000Australia Medical Information Services MA 02479-4149United States

Background:Beginning with the concepts of stress developed by Selye,an approach to stress and pain management,known as neuro-emotional technique(NET),has been *** is a treatment approach based on the principle that the stressor effects of dormant and/or current unresolved issues or trauma are what determine one’s bodily *** responses are relatively personalized to the conditioned,experiential and emotional reality of the ***:To determine the effect of NET on patients with chronic low back pain(cLBP)over ***,setting,participants,and interventions:In a randomized,double-blinded,placebo-controlled study conducted in a single clinic,NET or control treatments were given twice weekly for 4 weeks in a population of 112 *** outcome measures:Outcome measures,including Oswestry Disability Index,Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale,the psychoneuroimmunology markers of blood serum levels of c-reactive protein,tumour necrosis factor-a,interleukin-1(IL-1),IL-6,and IL-10,and 10 dimensions of the Short Form Health Survey scale,were assessed at baseline and at 1,3 and 6 months following the intervention ***:compared to placebo,NET produced clinical and statistical significance(Pclines of virtually all physiological,pain and disability markers,accompanied by gains in quality-of-life indicators at 0(baseline),1,3 and 6 *** of the percentages of patients whose 5 biomarkers lay outside the normative range were achieved at 1,3 and 6 months by NET but not control ***:A randomized,controlled trial of cLBP patients indicated that 8 NET interventions,compared to placebo,produced clinically and statistically significant reductions in pain,disability and inflammatory biomarkers,and improvements in quality-of-life measures.

关键词： Neuro-emotional technique Biopsychosocial model Emotion Mind-body therapies Inflammation Biomarker

Human thrombin for the treatment of gastric and ectopic varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5912-5917页

作者： Norma c McAvoy John N Plevris peter c Hayes Department of Hepatology University of EdinburghRoyal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburgh EH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of human thrombin in the treatment of bleeding gastric and ectopic ***:Retrospective observational study in a Tertiary Referral *** January 1999-October 2005,we identified 37 patients who were endoscopically treated with human thrombin injection therapy for bleeding gastric and ectopic *** details including age,gender and aetiology of liver disease/segmental portal hypertension were *** thrombin was obtained from the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and prepared to give a solution of 250 IU/mL which was injected via a standard injection *** patient case notes were reviewed and the total dose of thrombin given along with the number of endoscopy sessions was *** haemostasis rates,rebleeding rates and mortality were catalogued along with the incidence of any immediate complications which could be attributable to the thrombin *** duration of follow up was also *** study was conducted according to the United Kingdom research ethics ***:Thirty-seven patients were included.33 patients(89%) had thrombin(250 U/mL) for gastric varices,2(5.4%) for duodenal varices,1 for rectal varices and 1 for gastric and rectal varices.(1) Gastric varices,an average of 15.2 mL of thrombin was used per ***-bleeding occurred in 4 patients(10.8%),managed in 2 by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPSS)(one unsuccessfully who died) and in other 2 by a distal splenorenal shunt;(2) Duodenal varices(or type 2 isolated gastric varices),an average of 12.5 mL was used per patient over 2-3 endoscopy ***-bleeding occurred in one patient,which was treated by TIPSS;and(3) Rectal varices,an average of 18.3 mL was used per patient over 3 endoscopy *** re-bleeding occurred in this ***:Human thrombin is a safe,easy to use and effective therapeutic option to control haemorrhage from gastric and ectopic varices.

关键词：静脉曲张人凝血酶治疗胃平均年龄十二指肠持续时间道德准则

Thermal fronts and cross-frontal heat flux in the southern Huanghai Sea and the East china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第5期27卷 1-20页

作者： PARK Sunghyea cHU peter c Department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School

Synoptic features in/around thermal fronts and cross-frontal heat fluxes in the southern Huanghai./Yellow Sea and East china Sea （HES） were examined using the data collected from four airborne expendable bathythermograph surveys with horizontal approxmately 35 km and vertical 1 m（from the surface to 400 m deep） spacings. Since the fronts are strongly affected by HES current system, the synoptic thermal features in/around them represent the interaction of currents with surrounding water masses. These features can not be obtained from climatological data. The identified thermal features are listed as follows ：（ 1 ） multiple boundaries of cold water, asymmetric thermocline intrusion, locally-split front by homogeneous water of approxmately 18 ℃, and mergence of the front by the Taiwan Warm current in/around summertime southern cheju - changjiang/Yangtze front and Tsushima front; （2） springtime frontal eddy-like feature around Tsushima front; （3） year-round cyclonic meandering and summertime temperature-inversion at the bottom of the surface mixed layer in cheju - Tsushima front; and （4） multistructure of Kuroshio front. In the Kuroshio front the mean variance of vertical temperature gradient is an order of degree smaller than that in other HES fronts. The southern cheju- changjiang front and cheju -Tsushima front are connected with each other in the summer with comparable cross-frontal temperature gradient. However, cross-frontal heat flux and lateral eddy diffusivity are stronger in the southern cheju - changjiang front. The cross-frontal heat exchange is the largest in the mixing zone between the modified Huanghai Sea bottom cold water and the Tsushima Warm current, which is attributable to enhanced thermocline intrusions.

关键词： southern Huanghai Sea and East china Sea AXBT synoptic thermal front cross-frontal heat flux lateral eddy diffusivity

OVOL1 inhibits breast cancer cell invasion by enhancing the degradation of TGF-β type I receptor

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1842-1859页

作者： chuannan Fan Qian Wang Gerard van der Zon Jiang Ren cedrick Agaser Roderick c.Slieker Prasanna Vasudevan Iyengar Hailiang Mei peter ten Dijke Department of cell and chemical Biology Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Department of Biomedical Data Sciences Sequencing Analysis Support CoreLeiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Department of Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Public Health InstituteAmsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences InstituteAmsterdam UMClocation VUmcAmsterdam 1081 HVThe Netherlands

Ovo-like transcriptional repressor 1(OVOL1)is a key mediator of epithelial lineage determination and mesenchymal–epithelial transition(MET).The cytokines transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP)control the epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity(EMP)of cancer cells,but whether this occurs through interplay with OVOL1 is not ***,we show that OVOL1 is inversely correlated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT)signature,and is an indicator of a favorable prognosis for breast cancer ***1 suppresses EMT.

关键词： invasion breast cancer

Thermal Studies of commercial Low calorie Sweeteners

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American Journal of Analytical chemistry 2022年第9期13卷 346-364页

作者： peter c. K. LeMaire III peter K. LeMaire Department of chemical Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Central Connecticut State University New Britain CT USA

This paper presents the thermal analysis of artificial sweeteners, and natural sugar substitutes. Thermal analysis was done on commercial compositions of sweeteners using simultaneous DSc/TGA (SDT). Heat flow, and mass vs. temperature and time thermograms, along with DSc peak enthalpies and transition temperatures are reported. A number of the sweeteners were found to undergo transitions and reactions before or at 190°c (375°F, normal baking temperatures) and all dextrose containing sweeteners show an endothermic peak around 80°c due to the liberation of bound water molecules. The major components of sweeteners studied were found to be generally thermostable at or below 100°c.

关键词： DSc TGA Thermal Analysis Sugar Sweeteners Thermo-Stability

canonical Workflow for Machine Learning Tasks

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 173-185页

作者： christophe Blanchi Binyam Gebre peter Wittenburg DONA Foundation C/O Universitede GeneveRuedu General-Dufour 241204 GeneveSwitzerland *** Papendorpseweg 1003528 BJ UtrechtThe Netherlands FDO Forum Gemeindweg 5547533 KleveGermany

There is a huge gap between(1)the state of workflow technology on the one hand and the practices in the many labs working with data driven methods on the other and(2)the awareness of the FAIR principles and the lack of changes in practices during the last 5 *** cWFR concept has been defined which is meant to combine these two intentions,increasing the use of workflow technology and improving FAIR *** the study described in this paper we indicate how this could be applied to machine learning which is now used by almost all research disciplines with the well-known effects of a huge lack of repeatability and *** will only change practices if they can work efficiently and are not loaded with additional tasks.A comprehensive cWFR framework would be an umbrella for all steps that need to be carried out to do machine learning on selected data collections and immediately create a comprehensive and FAIR compliant *** researcher is guided by such a framework and information once entered can easily be shared and *** many iterations normally required in machine learning can be dealt with efficiently using cWFR *** of components that can be easily orchestrated using FAIR Digital Objects as a common entity to document all actions and to exchange information between steps without the researcher needing to understand anything about PIDs and FDO details is probably the way to increase efficiency in repeating research *** the Galaxy project indicates,the availability of supporting tools will be important to let researchers use these *** as the Galaxy framework suggests,however,it would be necessary to include allsteps necessary for doing amachine learning task including those that require human interaction andtodocument all phases with the help of structured FDOs.

关键词： Workflow Machine learning Digital objects FAIR Datamanagement