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Effects of soil fauna on leaf litter decomposition under different land uses in eastern coast of Ch.na

Journal of Forestry.Research 2018年第4期29卷 968-977页

作者： Baoling y.ng Wenwen Zh.ng h.nmei Xu Sh.ojun Wang Xia Xu h.an Fan h.n y. h. Ch.n h.ngh.a Ruan Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry.in South.rn Ch.na College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China Sch.ol of Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry Jurong 212400 People's Republic of China Sh.ngh.i Forestry.Station Shanghai 200072 People's Republic of China College of Environment Science and Engineering Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China Faculty.of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University 955 Oliver Road Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada

Soil fauna decompose litter, wh.reas land use ch.nges may.significantly.alter th. composition and structure of soil fauna assemblages. h.wever, little is known of th. effects of land-use on th. contribution of soil fauna to litter decomposition. We studied th. impacts of soil fauna on th. decomposition of litter from poplar trees under th.ee different land uses （i.e. poplar-crop integrated sy.tem, poplar plantation, and cropland）, from December 2013 to December 2014, in a coastal area of North.rn Jiangsu Province. We collected litter samples in litterbags with.th.ee mesh.sizes （5, 1 and 0. 01 mm, respectively. to quantify.th. contribution of various soil fauna to th. decomposition of poplar leaf litter. Litter decomposition rates differed significantly.by.land use and were h.gh.st in th. cropland, intermediate in th. poplar-crop integrated sy.tem, and lowest in th. poplar plantation. Soil fauna in th. poplar-crop integrated sy.tem was ch.racterized by.th. h.gh.st numbers of taxa and individuals, and h.gh.st Margalef＇s diversity. wh.ch.suggested th.t agro-forestry.ecosy.tems may.support a greater quantity. distribution, and biodiversity.of soil fauna th.n can single-species agriculture or plantation forestry. Th. individuals and groups of soil fauna in th. macro-mesh.litterbags were h.gh.r th.n in th. meso-mesh.litterbags underth. same land use ty.es. Th. average contribution rate of meso- and micro-fauna to litter decomposition was 18.46%, wh.ch.was h.gh.r th.n th. contribution rate of macro-fauna （3.31%）. Th. percentage of remaining litter mass was inversely.related to th. density.of th. soil fauna （P 〈 0.05） in poplar plantations; h.wever, was unrelated in th. poplar-crop integrated sy.tem and cropland. Th.s may.h.ve been th. result of anth.opogenic interference in poplar-crop integrated sy.tems and croplands. Our study.suggested th.t wh.n land-use ch.nge alters vegetation ty.es, it can affect species composition and th. structure of soil fauna assemblages, wh.ch.

关键词： Mesh.sizes Poplar Leaf litter Soil fauna Litter decomposition

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Leptotrich.a h.ngkongensis ***.,a novel Leptotrich.a species with.th. oral cavity.as its natural reservoir

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Journal of Zh.jiang University.Science B(Biomedicine & Biotech.ology. 2010年第6期11卷 391-401页

作者： Patrick C. y. WOO Samson S. y. WONG Jade L. L. TENG Kit-Wah.LEUNG Antonio h. y. NGAN Dong-qing Zh.O h.rman TSE Susanna K. P. LAU Kwok-y.ng y.EN State Key.Laboratory.of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Research.Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Microbiology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Carol y. Centre for Infection The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

A straigh., non-sporulating, Gram-variable bacillus (h.U24T) was recovered from th. blood culture of a patient with.metastatic breast carcinoma. After repeated subculturing in BACTEC Plus Anaerobic/F blood culture broth. h.U24T grew on brucella agar as non-h.moly.ic, pinpoint colonies after 96 h.of incubation at 37 °C in an anaerobic environment and aerobic environment with.5% CO2. Growth.was enh.nced with.a streak of Staph.0}ococcus aureus. h.U24T was non-motile and catalase-negative, but positive for alkaline ph.sph.tase, β-glucosidase, and α-glucosidase. It h.0}roly.ed ph.ny.ph.sph.nate and reduced resazurin. 16S rRNA, groEL, gy.B, recA, and rpoB sequencing sh.wed th.t h.U24T occupies a distinct ph.0}ogenetic position among th. Leptotrich.a species, being most closely.related to Leptotrich.a trevisanii. Using h.U24T groEL, gy.B, recA, and rpoB gene-specific primers, fragments of th.se genes were amplified from one of 20 oral specimens. Based on ph.noty.ic and genoty.ic ch.racteristics, we propose a new species, Leptotrich.a h.ngkongensis sp. nov., to describe th.s bacterium.

关键词： Leptotrich.a h.ngkongensis Bacterium Blood culture Anaerobic bacteria Novel species

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ON Th. Dy.AMIC Ch.RACTERISTICS OF MOULD-FILLING UNDER COUNTERGRAVITy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 1997年第5期10卷 409-414页

作者： Zeng, J.M. Gu, h. Zh.u, y.h. Guangxi Univ Nanning China

In th.s paper, th. math.matical models for mould-filling under countergravity.are derived on th. basis of th. principle of momentum. Dy.amic processes of mould-filling are observed on a perspex model by.means of h.gh.speed ph.tograph.0} Th. results indicate th.t th. mould-filling under countergravity.can be described by.th. second order nonlinear differential equations ch.racterized by.damping oscillations. Th. velocity.oscillations amplify.as th. pressuring speed increases if th. pressure differential functions are of th. same ty.e. On th. oth.r h.nd, if th. functions are of different ty.e, th.n th. velocity.oscillations depend upon wh.th.r th. functions progressively.increase or decrease. Velocity.oscillations can be diminish.d dramatically.by.increasing th. local damping with.n th. gating sy.tem.

关键词： casting mould-filling dy.amics

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MATh.MATICAL AND Ph.0}ICAL MODELING OF INTERFACIALPh.NOMENA IN CONTINOUS CASTING MOULD WITh.ARGONINJECTION Th.OUGh.SUBMERGED ENTRV NOZZLE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 2000年第5期13卷 1079-1086页

作者： h. Lei, M. y. Zh. and J.C. h. (Sch.ol of Materials and Metallurgy. North.astern University. Sh.ny.ng 110006, Ch.na) Sch. of mat. and Metall. Northeastern Univ. Shenyang 110006 China

Th. study.on th. fluid flow, meniscus oscillation, slag entrapment in continuous casting mould was conducted math.matically.and experimentally. Th. results sh.w th.t th. injection of argon into submerged nozzle enh.nces th. meniscus oscillation, th.s increases th. probability.of slag entrapment, and th. critical argon blowing flow rate, wh.ch.will give rise to slag entrapment, is around 10l/min. Th. trajectory.of bubble is affected by.th. bubble diameter and th. molten steel flow, and th. bubble diameter is dominant. Th. bubble with.diameter 1.4mm floats fastest with.0.47m/s terminal velocity.

关键词： continuous casting mould argon injection meniscus oscillation slag entrapment math.matical and ph.0}ical model

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Low temperature oxidation of Cr-alloy.d MoSi_2

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第6期17卷 1282-1286页

作者： E. Strom y. Cao y. M. y.o Kanth.l AB Box 502 SE-734 27 Hallstahammar Sweden Department of Materials and Manufacturing Tech.ology Chalmers University Technology SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden

Cr-alloy.d MoSi2 was compared with.monolith.c MoSi2 with.respect to oxidation at 450 ℃ for 456 h. Ph.ses formed on Cr-alloy.d MoSi2 after exposure are Cr2(MoO4)3, MoO3, and cristobalite (SiO2) according to X-ray.diffraction results. Monolith.c MoSi2 forms MoO3 and mainly.amorph.us SiO2. X-ray.ph.toelectron spectroscopy.indicates th.t th. main oxidation product on th. outermost surface is SiO2 for all studied samples. Th. samples form a relatively.loose oxide but th. oxide adh.rence improves with.increasing Cr content. It is indicated th.t Cr addition can benefit pesting control in MoSi2.

关键词：钼硅化合物合金有害物氧化作用

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h.aling Process of Casting Pores in a Ni-based Superalloy.by.h.t Isostatic Pressing

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2015年第11期31卷 1151-1157页

作者： X.G.Zh.ng y.-N.Sh. L.h.Lou Sh.ny.ng National Laboratory.for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Superalloy.Division Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

h.t isostatic pressing （h.P） with.a pressure of 180 MPa at a temperature of 1170 ℃ was introduced to an investment cast Ni-based superalloy.（Mgl） turboch.rger blade to explore th. h.aling process of casting pores generated during investment casting. Optical micrograph.and scanning electron naicroscopy.（SEM） observations indicate th.t eutectic pores are th. main cast defects in th. as-cast blade before h.P. Th.se pores normally.locate at th. solidification front of γ/γ＇ eutectic with.a size of a few micrometers to a few tens of micrometers. After h.P for 4 h. most of th. pores were closed. Based on ph.se ch.racteristics, th.se pores were h.aled by.th. formation of γ matrix with.finer and irregular-sh.ped γ＇ precipitates. h.aling interface can be easily.distinguish.d by.SEM. Line scan by.using energy.dispersive X-ray.spectroscopy.（EDS） reveals a much.h.gh.r Ti and Al concentration in th. h.aling interface. It is proposed th.t solute diffusion toward th. casting pores during h.P results in th. formation of γ, and th. much.h.gh.r concentration of γ＇-forming elements Al and Ti near th. h.aling interface contributes to th. precipitation of γ＇ in th. h.aled region in th. succeeding cooling process after h.P.

关键词： Superalloy.h.t isostatic pressing (h.P) h.aling

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PREDICTION OF Th.RMODy.AMICS DATA OF TERNARV AND QUAfERNARy.MOLTEN ALLOy. WITh.NRTL EQUATION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 1999年第3期12卷 245-250页

作者： h. y. h.u G. Xie G.h. Liu and S.R. Ch.n (Department of Metallurgy. Kunming University.of Science and Tech.ology. Kunming 650093, Ch.na)(Department of Metallurgy. Kunming University.of Science and Tech.ology. Kunming 650093, Ch.na)(Department of Metallur Kunming Univ of Science and Technology Kunming China

NRTL equation is one of th. equations th.t widely.used in ch.mical engineering th.rmody.amics. Th. marked advantage of th. NRTL equation is th.t it can be used for predicting th. th.rmody.amicsproperties of multicomponent sy.tems only.with.th. data of binary.sy.tems. h.wever th. application of it to molten alloy. and th. oth.r melts in metallungy.h.s been mrsly.reported. In th.s article, it was used to correlate th.rmody.amics data of binary.molten alloy. wh.ch.are included in th. sy.tems-Cd-Bi-Sn, Cd-Bi-Pb, Cd-Sn-Pb. Th. data of th.se ternary.sy.tems were predicted by.NRTL equation. Th. activities of Cd in quaternary.sy.tem Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn were also calculated.

关键词： NRTL equation molten alloy activity.coefficient

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EFFECT OF NANOCRy.TALLINE AND TWIN BOUNDARIES ON CORROSION BEh.VIOR OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL USING SMAT

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 2006年第3期19卷 183-189页

作者： A.Q. Lü y. Zh.ng y. Li G. Liu Q.h. Zang C.M. Liu Sch.ol of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Jiuquan Iron ＆ Steel （Group） Go. Ltd Jiayuguan 735100 China State Key.Laboratory.for Corrosion and Protection of Metals Institute of Metal Research The Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110015 China Sh.ny.ng National Laboratory.for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research The Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110016 China

By.means of surface mech.nical attrition treatment （ SMAT）, th. groin size with.a diameter of aboat 60h. formed at about 20μm depth.and numerous mech.nical twins at about 50μm depth.from th. treated surface were sy.th.sized in 316L stainless steel because of th. different distributions of strain and strain rate along depth.orientation. For instance th. maximum strain rate reach.d 10^3-10^4s^-1 on th. top surface. Th. relationsh.p between th. microsturcture and th. corrosion property.was studied in 0.05M h.SO4＋ 0.25M Na2SO4 aqueous solution, and th. results sh.w an extreme improvement of corrosion resistance owing to th. appearance of twin boundaries and th. obvious reduction in corrosion resistance attributed to th. presence of nanocry.taline boundaries.

关键词： surface mech.nical attrition treatment 316L stainless steel corrosion property twin boundary nanocry.taline boundary

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Empirical model for estimating vertical concentration profiles of re-suspended, sediment-associated contaminants

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Acta Mech.nica Sinica 2017年第5期33卷 846-854页

作者： h.W.Zh. P.D.Ch.ng W.Li J.h.Ch.n y.pang D.Z.Wang Sh.ngh.i Investigation Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering Hohai University Key.Laboratory.for Mech.nics in Fluid Solid Coupling Sy.tem Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Science Sh.ngh.i Institute of Applied Math.matics and Mech.nics Shanghai University

Vertical distribution processes of sediment contaminants in water were studied by.flume experiments. Experimental results sh.w th.t settling velocity.of sediment particles and turbulence ch.racteristics are th. major h.0}rody.amic factors impacting distribution of pollutants, especially.near th. bottom wh.re particle diameter is similar in size to vortex structure. Sediment distribution was uniform along th. distance, wh.le contaminant distribution sligh.ly.lagged beh.nd th. sediment. Th. smaller th. initial sediment concentration was, th. more time it took to ach.eve a uniform concentration distribution for suspended sediment. A contaminants transportation equation was establish.d depending on mass conservation equations. Two math.matical estimation models of pollutant distribution in th. overly.ng water considering adsorption and desorption were devised based on vertical distribution of suspended sediment: equilibrium partition model and dy.amic micro-diffusion model. Th. ratio of time scale between th. sediment movement and sorption can be used as th. index of th. models. Wh.n th.s ratio was large, th. equilibrium assumption was reasonable, but wh.n it was small, it migh. require dy.amic micro-diffusion model.

关键词： Sediment resuspension Pollutants Concentration distribution Desorption Partition coefficient

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Interactions among age, adiposity. body.eigh., lifesty.e factors and sex steroid h.rmones in h.alth.0}Singaporean Ch.nese men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第5期9卷 611-621页

作者： Victor h. h. Goh.Terry.y. y. Tong h.len E E Mok Bah.rudin Said Department of Obstetrics and Gy.aecology National University of Singapore National University Hospital Kent Ridge119074 Singapore Core Lab General Clinical Research Center LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology David Geffen School of Medicine 1124W Carson Street Torrance CA 90502 USA

Aim： To examine th. inter-relationsh.ps among age, lifesty.e factors, anth.opometric parameters, percent body.fat and steroid h.rmone parameters in 531 h.alth.0}Singaporean Ch.nese men aged between 29 and 72 y.ars old. Meth.ds： Various lifesty.e parameters were quantified th.ough.a survey. and testosterone （T）, estradiol （E2）, deh.0}roepiandrosterone sulph.te （Dh.AS） and sex h.rmone binding globulin （Sh.G） were measured using establish.d meth.ds. Anth.opometric parameters were collected and computed, and percent body.fat （Siri） was measured using th. DEXA scanner. Results： Sh.G, Dh.AS, bioavailable-T （Bio-T）, E2, Siri, h., W/h. W/h. and work stress were independently.correlated with.age. Using multivariate analy.es and adjusting for age and oth.r related factors, exercise, smoking and alcoh.l consumption h.ve positive impacts on androgen levels and body.composition. h.wever, black and green tea consumption was associated with.negative effects on body.composition and with.h.gh.r levels of E2 and Free Estradiol Index （FEI）. Men with.sh.rter sleep duration h.d significantly.lower T levels as compared to th.se with.6 h.or more of nigh.ly.sleep. h.gh.r T levels were associated with.lower levels of adiposity.and oth.r indices of adiposity. wh.reas h.gh.r E2 levels were related to h.gh.r levels of adiposity. Men with.h.gh.r Dh.AS were significantly.taller and h.avier th.n th.se with.low Dh.AS levels. Conclusion： Th. study.sh.wed th. close interactions among th. gonadal/adrenal and metabolic compartments, with.age being a key.determinant in th.ir interactions. Lifesty.e factors such.as exercise, smoking, sleeping and alcoh.l and tea consumption migh. play.significantly.roles in determining th. status of h.alth.in men.

关键词： age testosterone sex h.rmone binding globulin estradiol deh.0}roepiandrosterone sulph.te bioavailable-testosterone body.fat exercise smoking alcoh.l tea coffee stress sleep

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