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Endophytes and associated marine derived fungi—ecological and chemical perspectives

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第6期57卷 45-83页

作者： Abdessamad Debbab Amal H.Aly peter Proksch Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und BiotechnologieUniversitätsstr.1Geb.26.2340225 DüsseldorfGermany

the potential of endophytes and algal or invertebrate associated marine derived fungi as promising sources of structurally unprecedented bioactive natural products is undeniable and continues to attract broad *** review highlights new bioactive fungal metabolites reported in 2011 until April 2012,as well as known compounds for which novel biological activities have been *** compounds are grouped according to their reported biological activities which include cytotoxic,anti-infective,as well as radical scavenging,enzyme inhibition,anti-fouling and anti-parasitic ***,178 fungal metabolites,including 138 new natural products are ***,new insights into fungal-host interaction,chemical communication,and chemo-ecological roles of fungal metabolites,as well as new strategies for bioprospecting are presented.

关键词： Fungi Endophytes Associated marine fungi Bioactive metabolites Natural products Biosynthetic pathways

Model-based estimation of above-ground biomass in the miombo ecoregion of Zambia

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 258-274页

作者： James Halperin Valerie Lemay Emmanuel Chidumayo Louis Verchot peter marshall Department of Forest Resources management The University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada makeni Savanna Research Project P.O. Box 50323 Ridgeway Lusaka Zambia International Center for tropical Agriculture Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira Apartado Aereo 6713 Cali 763537. Colombia

Background：Information on above-ground biomass（AGB） is important for managing forest resource use at local levels,land management planning at regional levels,and carbon emissions reporting at national and international *** many tropical developing countries,this information may be unreliable or at a scale too coarse for use at local *** is a vital need to provide estimates of AGB with quantifiable uncertainty that can facilitate land use management and policy development ***-based methods provide an efficient framework to estimate ***：Using National Forest Inventory（NFI） data for a^1,000,000 ha study area in the miombo ecoregion,Zambia,we estimated AGB using predicted canopy cover,environmental data,disturbance data,and Landsat 8 OLI satellite *** assessed different combinations of these datasets using three models,a semiparametric generalized additive model（GAM） and two nonlinear models（sigmoidal and exponential）,employing a genetic algorithm for variable selection that minimized root mean square prediction error（RMSPE）,calculated through *** compared model fit statistics to a null model as a baseline estimation *** bootstrap resampling methods,we calculated 95% confidence intervals for each model and compared results to a simple estimate of mean AGB from the NFI ground plot ***：Canopy cover,soil moisture,and vegetation indices were consistently selected as predictor *** sigmoidal model and the GAM performed similarly;for both models the RMSPE was -36.8 tonnes per hectare（i.e.,57% of the mean）.However,the sigmoidal model was approximately 30% more efficient than the GAM,assessed using bootstrapped variance estimates relative to a null *** selecting the sigmoidal model,we estimated total AGB for the study area at 64,526,209 tonnes（＋/- 477,730）,with a confidence interval 20 times more precise than a simple designbased ***：Our findings demonstrate that NFI

关键词： National Forest Inventory Above-ground biomass Miombo REDD+ Generalized additive model Nonlinear model Landsat 8 OLI

mangrove derived fungal endophytes–a chemical and biological perception

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 1-27页

the potential of mangrove-derived endophytic fungi as a promising source of diverse and structurally unprecedented bioactive natural products is unquestionable and continues to attract considerable *** review highlights new bioactive mangrove fungal metabolites and known compounds with hitherto unreported biological activities described during the last 10 *** compounds are categorized according to their reported biological activities,including cytotoxic,anti-infective,in addition to a wide range of miscellaneous activities such as protein kinase,αglucosidase,acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities,as well as antiangiogenic and neovascularisation effects,radical scavenging,DNA-binding affinity,and calcium and potassium channel blocking activity.

关键词： Fungi Endophytes mangroves Bioactive natural products

Herbal Medicines Prevent the Development of Atopic Dermatitis by Multiple Mechanisms

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期25卷 151-160页

作者： maN mao-qiang HU Li-zhi peter M.Elias Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Dermatology University of California San Francisco School of Basic Medical Sciences Tianjin Medical University

Atopic dermatitis(AD) is among the most common skin disorders in humans. Although a variety of regimens are available for the treatment of AD, preventive approaches are limited. Recent studies have demonstrated that certain naturally-occurring herbal medicines are effective in preventing the development of AD via divergent mechanisms, such as inhibiting cytokine and chemokine expression, IgE production, inflammatory cell infiltration, histamine release, and/or enhancement of epidermal permeability barrier function. Yet, they exhibit few adverse effects. Since herbal medicines are widely available, inexpensive and generally safe, they could represent an ideal approach for preventing the development of AD, in both highly developed and developing countries.

关键词： herbal medicines t cells cytokines permeability barrier dermatitis

treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome with a focus on transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第1期5卷 38-42页

作者： Anders Bay Neumann Stine Degn Andersen Dennis tφnner Nielsen peter Holland-Fischer Hendrik Vilstrup Henning Grφnbk Department of Medicine V (Gastroenterology and Hepatology) Aarhus University HospitalDK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark Department of Radiology R Aarhus University HospitalDK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark

AIM:to evaluate long-term complications and survival in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) referred to a Danish transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tIPS) ***:twenty-one consecutive patients from 1997-2008 were retrospectively included [15 women and 6 men,median age 40 years (range 17-66 years)].Eighteen Danish patients came from the 1.8 million catchment population of Aarhus University Hospital and three patients were referred from Scandinavian *** consisted of tests for underlying haematological,endocrinological,or hypercoagulative disorders parallel to initiation of specific treatment of ***:BCS was mainly caused by thrombophilic (33%) or myeloproliferative (19%) *** percents had symptoms for less than one week with ascites as the most prevalent *** (67%) were treated with tIPS and 7 (33%) were manageable with treatment of the underlying condition and *** median follow-up time for the tIPS-treated patients was 50 mo (range 15-117 mo),and none required subsequent liver *** control was achieved in all tIPS patients with a marked reduction in the dose of diuretics.A total of 14 tIPS revisions were needed,mostly of uncovered *** died during follow-up:One non-tIPS patient worsened after 6 mo and died in relation to transplantation,and one tIPS patient died 4 years after the tIPS-procedure,unrelated to ***:In our BCS cohort tIPS-treated patients have near-complete survival,reduced need for diuretics and compared to historical data a reduced need for liver transplantation.

关键词： Ascites Budd-Chiari syndrome Myeloproliferative disorder thrombophilia thrombosis transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Effect of the Laser Heating of Nanotube Nuclei on the Nanotube type Population

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 818-827页

作者： Pavel Nikolaev William Holmes Edward Sosa peter Boul Sivaram Arepalli Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan University300 Cheoncheon-dongJangan-guSuwon 440-746Korea Alan G.macDiarmid Nanot ech Institute The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RoadRichardsonTX 75080USA ERC Inc./NASA Johnson Space Center Mail Stop ES-4P.O.Box 58561HoustonTX 77258USA

many potential applications of carbon nanotubes are expected to benet from the availability of single-walled carbon nanotube materials enriched in metallic species,and specifically armchair *** present work focuses on the modification of the pulsed laser vaporization(PLV)technique to selectively produce certain carbon nanotube *** nuclei were“warmed-up”with an additional laser pulse,timed to coincide approximately with the nucleation *** effect of the second laser on the carbon vapor temperature was studied by emission *** type populations with and without warm-up were compared by means of absorption,photoluminescence,and Raman *** was found that the warm-up of nanotube nuclei with a laser pulse has a noticeable,albeit small,effect on the nanotube *** intensity of spectral features associated with(9,7)nanotube and its large chiral angle neighbors increased,while small chiral angle nanotubes decreased,with exception of the(15,0)*** experiment demonstrates that nanotube population during PLV synthesis can be manipulated in a controlled fashion.

关键词： Nanotube synthesis pulsed laser vaporization nanotube population

Comparative assessment on rodent impacts and cultural perceptions of ecologically based rodent management in 3 Afro-malagasy farming regions

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 578-594页

作者： Natasha L.CONStANt Lourens H.SWANEPOEL Samual t.WILLIAMS Voahangy SOARImaLALA Steven M.GOODmaN Apia t.maSSAWE Loth S.MULUNGU Rhodes H.maKUNDI mashaka E.MDANGI peter J.tAYLOR Steven R.BELmaIN SARChI Chair on Biodiversity Value and Change and Core team Member of the Centre for Invasion Biology School of Mathematical and Natural SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouJohannesburgSouth Africa Sustainable Places Research Institute Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK Department of Zoology School of Mathematical and Natural SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Department of Anthropology Durham UniversityDurhamUK Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education(IGDORE) JohannesburgSouth Africa Association Vahatra AntananarivoMadagascar Institut des Sciences et techniques de l’EnvironnementUniversitéde Fianarantsoa FianarantsoaMadagascar Field Museum of Natural History ChicagoIllinoisUSA Pest management Centre Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Ministry of Agriculture Tanzania Natural Resources InstituteUniversity of Greenwich KentUK

Rodents generate negative consequences for smallholder farmers in Africa that directly impact household and livestock damage,food security,and public *** Based Rodent management(EBRM)seeks sustainable solutions for the mitigation of rodent damage through assessments of rodent population dynamics,agro-ecosystems,and socio-cultural *** adopt a comparative approach across 3 rural Afro-malagasy smallholder farming regions in South Africa,tanzania,and madagascar to assess the household impacts of rodent pests and current perceptions and preferences associated with several rodent control *** conducted focus group questionnaires and interviews in different study site *** assert multiple impacts on Afro-malagasy farmers demonstrating recurrent and emerging agricultural and household costs,and public health *** identify a significant knowledge gap in educating communities about the application of different EBRM approaches in favor of acute poisons that are perceived to be more *** issues and taboos also have a significant impact on the social acceptance of rodent hunting as well as biological control using indigenous *** advocate for an enhanced investigation of the socio-cultural beliefs associated with different rodent practices to understand the factors underlying social acceptance.A collaborative approach that integrates the perspectives of target communities to inform the design of EBRM initiatives according to the specific agro-ecosystem and socio-cultural context is necessary to ensure programmatic success.

关键词： Africa beliefs crop damage ecologically based rodent management farmer survey

Processing effects on the magnetic and mechanical properties of FeCoNiAl_(0.2)Si_(0.2) high entropy alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2013年第6期20卷 549-555页

作者： ting-ting Zuo Song-bo Ren peter K. Liaw Yong Zhang State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Hangke Engine Control System Science & technology Co. Ltd. Department of materials Science and Engineering The University of Tennessee

High entropy alloys with the composition of FeCoNiA10.2Si0.2 were prepared by arc melting and induction melting, denoted by A1 and A2, respectively. the samples prepared by these two techniques have a face-centered cubic （FCC） phase structure and a typical dendrite morphology. the tensile yield strength and maximum strength of A2 samples are about 280 and 632 MPa, respectively. Moreover~ the elongation can reach 41.7%. these two alloys prepared by the different methods possess the similar magnetic properties. the saturation magnetization and coercivity can reach 1.151 t and 1400 A/m for A1 samples and 1.015 t and 1431 A/m for A2 samples, respectively. Phases in A2 samples do not change, which are heat treated at different temperatures, then quenched in water. Only the sample, which is heat treated at 600~C for 3 h and then furnace cooled, has a new phase precipitated. Besides, the coercivity decreases obviously at this temperature. Cold rolling and the subsequent heat treatment cannot improve the magnetic properties effectively. However, cold rolling plays an important role in improving the strength.

关键词： high entropy alloys magnetic properties mechanical properties heat treatment

Comparative Assessment of the Effect of Wastewater Sludge Biochar on Growth,Yield and Metal Bioaccumulation of Cherry tomato

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 680-685页

作者： Mustafa K.HOSSAIN Vladimir StREZOV peter F.NELSON Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringMacquarie University

to investigate the potential effects of wastewater sludge and sludge biochar on growth, yield and metal bioaccumulation of cherry tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum L.）, a pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse environment with three different treatments, control soil （CP）, soil with wastewater sludge （SS） and soil with sludge biochar （SB）, to reveal the comparative effect between the amendments of wastewater sludge and sludge biochar. the soil used for pot experiment was Chromosol. Wastewater sludge and sludge biochax produced through pyrolysis process at 550 ℃ were applied at 10 t ha-1. No significant difference was found in growth and production of cherry tomatoes between wastewater sludge and sludge biochar applications to the soil. the accumulation rates of metals in the fruits were lower in the treatment with sludge biochar than in the treatment with wastewater sludge. the study highlights the benefits of risk mitigation from toxic metal accumulation in fruits using wastewater sludge and sludge biochar as soil conditioners.

关键词： fruit yield heavy metals plant height risk mitigation soil conditioner