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Distinguishing the Regional Atmospheric Controls on Precipitation Isotopic Variability in the Central-Southeast Portion of Brazil

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第10期39卷 1693-1708,I0018-I0020页

作者： Vinícius dos SANTOS peter marshall fleming Luís HENRIQUE MANCINI Stela DALVA SANTOS COTA Graziele Beatriz de LIMA Rafaela RODRIGUES GOMES Roberto Eduardo KIRCHHEIM Ricardo SANCHÉZ-MURILLO Didier GASTMANS São Paulo State University(UNESP) Environmental Studies Center.Av.24ABased1515-Bela Vista13.506-900Rio Claro(SP)Brazil Center for the Development of the Nuclear Technology(CDTN-CNEN) Av.Presidente Antônio Carlos6.627Campus da UFMG-Pampulha31270-90Belo Horizonte(MG)Brazil Universidade de Brasília-UnB Instituto de GeociênciasLaboratório de Isótopos Estáveis.Campus"Darcy Ribeiro"Asa Norte70.910-900Brasília(DF)Brasil Hydrology and Territorial Management Directory(DHT) The Geological Survey of Brazil(CPRM-SGB)São Paulo(SP)Brazil University of Texas at Arlington Earth and Environmental Sciences Department500 Yates StreetArlingtonTexas76019USA Stable Isotopes Research Group and Water Resources Management Laboratory Universidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica

Precipitation isotope ratios(O and H)record the history of water phase transitions and fractionation processes during moisture transport and rainfall ***,we evaluated the isotopic composition of precipitation over the central-southeastern region of Brazil at different *** isotopic compositions were associated with classical effects(rainfall amount,seasonality,and continentality),demonstrating the importance of vapor recirculation processes and different regional atmospheric systems(South American Convergence Zone-SACZ and Cold Fronts-CF).While moisture recycling and regional atmospheric processes may also be observed on a daily timescale,classical effects such as the amount effect were not strongly correlated(δ^(18)O-precipitation rate r≤-0.37).Daily variability revealed specific climatic features,such asδ^(18)O depleted values(~-6‰to-8‰)during the wet season were associated with strong convective activity and large moisture *** isotopic analysis revealed the role of different moisture sources and transport *** ratios combined with d-excess explain how atmospheric recirculation processes interact with convective activity during rainfall formation *** findings provide a new understanding of rainfall sampling timescales and highlight the importance of water isotopes to decipher key hydrometeorological processes in a complex spatial and temporal context in central-southeastern Brazil.

关键词： precipitation stable water isotopes d-excess moisture source and transport southern Atlantic Ocean and Amazon

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Model-based estimation of above-ground biomass in the miombo ecoregion of Zambia

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 258-274页

作者： James Halperin Valerie LeMay Emmanuel Chidumayo Louis Verchot peter marshall Department of Forest Resources Management The University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Makeni Savanna Research Project P.O. Box 50323 Ridgeway Lusaka Zambia International Center for Tropical Agriculture Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira Apartado Aereo 6713 Cali 763537. Colombia

Background：Information on above-ground biomass（AGB） is important for managing forest resource use at local levels,land management planning at regional levels,and carbon emissions reporting at national and international *** many tropical developing countries,this information may be unreliable or at a scale too coarse for use at local *** is a vital need to provide estimates of AGB with quantifiable uncertainty that can facilitate land use management and policy development ***-based methods provide an efficient framework to estimate ***：Using National Forest Inventory（NFI） data for a^1,000,000 ha study area in the miombo ecoregion,Zambia,we estimated AGB using predicted canopy cover,environmental data,disturbance data,and Landsat 8 OLI satellite *** assessed different combinations of these datasets using three models,a semiparametric generalized additive model（GAM） and two nonlinear models（sigmoidal and exponential）,employing a genetic algorithm for variable selection that minimized root mean square prediction error（RMSPE）,calculated through *** compared model fit statistics to a null model as a baseline estimation *** bootstrap resampling methods,we calculated 95% confidence intervals for each model and compared results to a simple estimate of mean AGB from the NFI ground plot ***：Canopy cover,soil moisture,and vegetation indices were consistently selected as predictor *** sigmoidal model and the GAM performed similarly;for both models the RMSPE was -36.8 tonnes per hectare（i.e.,57% of the mean）.However,the sigmoidal model was approximately 30% more efficient than the GAM,assessed using bootstrapped variance estimates relative to a null *** selecting the sigmoidal model,we estimated total AGB for the study area at 64,526,209 tonnes（＋/- 477,730）,with a confidence interval 20 times more precise than a simple designbased ***：Our findings demonstrate that NFI

关键词： National Forest Inventory Above-ground biomass Miombo REDD+ Generalized additive model Nonlinear model Landsat 8 OLI

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Leaf litter decomposition dynamics in unmanaged Phyllostachys pubescens stands at high elevations in the Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第11期14卷 2246-2256页

作者： XU Dao-wei LIU Jin-fu peter marshall HE Zhong-sheng ZHENG Shi-qun Cross-strait Nature Reserve Research Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Key Laboratory of Fujian Universities for Ecology and Resource Statistics Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia

Due to its rapid growth and high rate of spread, Phyllostachys pubescens can suppress other species, eventually leading to pure P. pubescens forests. Research on the patterns of litter decomposition and nutrient release from P. pubescens across stand mixtures are helpful to understand the decomposition and nutrient dynamics during the invasion process. However, little is known for unmanaged conditions at high elevations. Therefore, we studied the decomposition of four litter compositions comprised of different combinations of P. pubescens and Cunninghamia lanceolata foliage for one year to explore the pattern of litter decomposition and nutrient release at the Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results show that:(1) the litter decomposed faster with a higher proportion of P. pubescens based on Olson's decay model;(2) the remaining litter compositions followed a trigonometric function model better than Olson'sdecay model and fluctuated periodically in tandem with changing temperature and precipitation;(3) the litter mixture decompositions did not support the biomass-ratio hypothesis test; and(4) there were significant binomial, power and exponential relationships between initial concentration and final amounts remaining after 1 year decomposition for C, N and P. The correlations between litter decomposition and nutrient releases were significant. The results may be used to explain the rapid spread of P. pubescens and to guide the natural management of plantations.

关键词： Decomposition models Biomass-ratiohypothesis Nutrient release pattern Phyllostachyspubescens Litter decomposition

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Recovery of Rare Earth Elements Present in Mining Tails, by Leaching with Nitric and Hydrochloric Solutions

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2021年第1期11卷 1-16页

作者： peter fleming Pedro Orrego Felipe Pinilla Nuclear Research and Applications Division Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission Santiago Chile

The rare earth elements (REE) include the group of 15 lanthanides, scandium and yttrium and have diverse applications in technological and nuclear areas. The existence of REE in massive solid mining wastes generated in leaching processes of copper minerals in the Atacama region of Chile generates the possibility of creating added value to the treatment of this type of waste and supporting the development of a circular economy, generating a useful by-product in different industries. In order to know the behavior of these elements present in the solid carrier waste, a leaching process was carried out by using two agents separately, corresponding to hydrochloric and nitric acid. The technical feasibility to recover REE from carrier tail was demonstrated, the best leaching agent for these elements being a hydrochloric solution, obtaining a maximum recovery efficiency of 64.5%, for an acid concentration: 3M, temperature: 40°C and (liquid/solid) ratio: 4. Lanthanum and cerium present the best individual recoveries compared to the other REE, with a maximum efficiency for a hydrochloric solution of 75.7% and 70.0%, respectively. The interaction of operational parameters that most influence the REE recovery corresponds to the temperature and the (liquid/solid) ratio. After 4 hours of leaching, REE recovery efficiencies remain practically constant. Acid consumptions correspond to 11 (kg HCl/ton mining tail) and 29 (kg HNO3/ton mining tail). The highest amount recovery ratios of these elements correspond to 0.355 and 0.224 (kg REE/ton mining tail), for hydrochloric and nitric solutions, respectively. These results influence the types of reagents and parameters to be studied in the following stages of the global process.

关键词： Rare Earth Elements Leaching Solid Mining Waste Mining Tail

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Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: The role of the HLA complex

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3628-3635页

作者： Tariq Ahmad Sara E marshall Derek Jewell Gastroenterology Unit University of OxfordGibson LaboratoriesRadcliffe Infirmary Woodstock RoadOxford United Kingdom Department of Immunology Wright-Fleming InstituteImperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom Gastroenterology Unit University of OxfordGibson LaboratoriesRadcliffe InfirmaryWoodstock RoadOxfordUnited Kingdom

The human leucocyte antigen （HLA） complex on chromosome 6p21.3 is the most extensively studied genetic region in Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）. Consistent evidence of linkage to IBD3 （6p21.1-23）, an area which encompasses the HLA complex, has been demonstrated for both Crohn＇s disease and ulcerative colitis, and a number of replicated associations with disease susceptibility and phenotype have recently emerged. However, despite these efforts the HLA susceptibility gene （s） for IBD remain elusive, a consequence of strong linkage disequilibrium, extensive polymorphism and high gene density across this region. This article reviews current knowledge of the role of HLA complex genes in IBD susceptibility and phenotype, and discusses the factors currently limiting the translation of this knowledge to clinical practice.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Human leucocyte antigen complex Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Genetics

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Application of a Mathematical Model to the Sierra Indiana Ore Leaching Process Containing Thorium, by Means of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>Solution and HCl

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2019年第1期9卷 16-26页

作者： Pedro Orrego peter fleming Jorge Skeet Ramón ávila Departamento de Materiales Avanzados Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear Santiago Chile

The existence of the thorium element in the ores from the Atacama region, Chile, and its importance in the activities of the nuclear industry, have generated the interest of the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission (CChEN) to study the technical feasibility of its recovery, like ThO2 through the implementation of hydrometallurgical techniques, such as leaching, solvent extraction, among others. The present work has become a report about the research carried out in the Extractive Metallurgy Area of the Department of Advanced Materials of CChEN, whose objective is to know the behavior of the thorium element when the mineral carrier is leached. The leaching tests were carried out in a glass reactor in batch mode, by mechanical agitation, varying different operational parameters, such as: type of leaching solution, concentration of acid in the solution, system temperature and granulometry of the mineral. The results indicate that there is technical feasibility for the recovery of thorium by leaching the mineral carrier with hydrochloric and/or sulfuric solution. The highest recovery of thorium for a sulfuric solution was 70.0% and for a hydrochloric solution of 83.8%, so the process presents a good efficiency in both cases. For a hydrochloric solution, the mathematical model of the thorium recovery efficiency obtained is: Y=31.14+26.25*X1+8.69*X2−0.82*X3+9.5*X12−0.83*X13−3.71*X23−1.83*X123+6.45 The concentration of HCl and temperature, as well as their interaction, significantly affect the recovery of thorium for Sierra Indiana mineral, as well as temperature and granulometry. The previous model gives a good representativeness of 99.98%. For a sulfuric solution, the mathematical model of the thorium recovery efficiency obtained is: Y=29.78+25.92*X1+0.99*X2−1.05*X3−2.05*X12−9.84*X13−5.26*X23−3.87*X123+15.18 The model indicates that the recovery of thorium for the mineral is significantly affected by the concentration of

关键词： Thorium Leaching Sierra Indiana Atacama Chile Metallurgy

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独行中国 1933年的中国之行 1

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丛书名： “西方人看中国”文化游记丛书

2006年

作者：（英）彼得·弗莱明（peter fleming）侯萍宋苏晨译

本游记是作者1933在中国旅行的七个月里记录的20世纪30年代整个中国的政治、军事、战争的形势。

ISBN: (数字)7807181451

ISBN: (纸本)7807181451

本游记是作者1933在中国旅行的七个月里记录的20世纪30年代整个中国的政治、军事、战争的形势。

关键词：历史、地理地理中国地理

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Control systems and data management for high-power laser facilities

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第5期11卷 51-75页

作者： Scott Feister Kevin Cassou Stephen Dann Andreas Döpp Philippe Gauron Anthony J.Gonsalves Archis Joglekar Victoria marshall Olivier Neveu Hans-peter Schlenvoigt Matthew J.V.Streeter Charlotte A.J.Palmer California State University Channel Islands CamarilloCaliforniaUSA UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3IJCLabOrsayFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Ludwig–Maximilians–Universität München GarchingGermany BELLA Center Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Ergodic LLC San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Queen’s University Belfast BelfastUK

The next generation of high-power lasers enables repetition of experiments at orders of magnitude higher frequency than what was possible using the prior *** requiring human intervention between laser repetitions need to adapt in order to keep pace with the new laser technology.A distributed networked control system can enable laboratory-wide automation and feedback control *** higher-repetition-rate experiments will create enormous quantities of data.A consistent approach to managing data can increase data accessibility,reduce repetitive data-software development and mitigate poorly organized *** opportunity arises to share knowledge of improvements to control and data infrastructure currently being *** compare platforms and approaches to state-of-the-art control systems and data management at high-power laser facilities,and we illustrate these topics with case studies from our community.

关键词： big data community organization control systems data management feedback loops high-power lasers high repetition rate metadata stabilization standards

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7日晋身谈判专家

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丛书名： 7日职场炼金术

2005年

作者：（英）彼特·弗莱明（peter fleming）王爱菊译

本书包括创造适宜的谈判环境、研究你自己的目标、知己知彼、开局、兼顾讲话和倾听、给出提议、总结、封局并最后确认、评价长短之处、继续发展自我十个走向谈判的步骤。

ISBN: (数字)7504346047

ISBN: (纸本)7504346047

关键词：谈判

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老外教你做称职的父母

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丛书名： e时代父母丛书

2003年

作者：（加）皮特·马歇尔（peter marshall）戴云韩淑伟译

本书讲述“如今的孩子怎么了”、“家长作风”、“学习、工作和娱乐”、“谁是青少年教育专家”等。

ISBN: (数字)7507513955

ISBN: (纸本)7507513955

本书讲述“如今的孩子怎么了”、“家长作风”、“学习、工作和娱乐”、“谁是青少年教育专家”等。

关键词：文化、科学、教育、体育教育家庭教育

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