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细菌性杀虫剂苏云金杆菌的概况及应用(上)

世界农药 1984年第1期 2-10页

作者： peter lthy Jean-louis Cordier Hans-Martin Fischer 赵祖培瑞士联邦工艺学院瑞士联邦工艺学院瑞士联邦工艺学院

1.历史记载本世纪初,Ishiwata(1902)首先报导分离出苏云金杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis 下简称 B.t.)菌株,当时命名为 Sotto bacillus,是从病蚕体内分离出的。如今该菌株鉴定为 *** 变种,属血清型4a、4b。1915年,Aoki 和 Ohigasaki 证实... 详细信息

1.历史记载本世纪初,Ishiwata(1902)首先报导分离出苏云金杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis 下简称 B.t.)菌株,当时命名为 Sotto bacillus,是从病蚕体内分离出的。如今该菌株鉴定为 *** 变种,属血清型4a、4b。1915年,Aoki 和 Ohigasaki 证实只有孢子培养物对蚕(Bombyx mori)有毒,由于对日本一个非常重要的工业部门一养蚕业有相当

关键词：晶体蛋白球蛋白菌株鉴定胰蛋白酶变种毒素毒物 mRNA 组份脱氢酶苏云金杆菌苏云金芽孢杆菌嗜虫细菌谷氨酸合成酶低分子量芽抱杆菌血清型血清变种营养细胞生物合成生化反应种特异性

late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Zongwulong Shan-Qinghai Nanshan tectonic belt in the northern Qaidam continent， northern Tibet

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Yonghui Zhao Chen Wu Jie li peter J.Haproff lin Ding State Key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System and Resources Environment (TPESRE)， Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research， Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Key laboratory of Complex Oil and Gas Field Exploration and Development， Chongqing University of Science and Technology Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences， University of North Carolina Wilmington

The Zongwulong Shan-Qinghai Nanshan tectonic belt of the northern Tibet Plateau experienced a protracted tectonic history， including the openings and closures of the Proto- and Paleo-Tethyan Oceans. Although the tectonic belt has been extensively studied， details regarding the tectonic processes involved in its development remain controversial. To better constrain the tectonic processes of this tectonic belt， we conducted detailed field geological mapping， zircon U-Pb geochronology， and whole-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic analyses. Our results show that intrusive rocks in the tectonic belt crystallized in ca. 292–233 Ma， perhaps in an arc/subduction setting. Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data suggest that early Permian–late Triassic ultramafic-intermediate intrusions were sourced from the enriched mantle， whereas intermediate-acidic rocks were sourced from mixed crust-mantle. We present the tectonic model that involves: (1) Early Devonian–early Permian intracontinental extension occurred in the northern margin of the Qaidam continent (ca. 416 Ma–292 Ma); (2) Early Permian–late Triassic northward subduction of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean resulted in arc magmatism (ca. 292 Ma–233 Ma); and (3) subsequent late Triassic intracontinental extension (ca. 233 Ma–215 Ma). Our results suggest that the late Paleozoic–early Mesozoic development of the Zongwulong Shan-Qinghai Nanshan was related to the opening， subduction， and slab retreat of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean， which has key implications for the tectonic evolution of the northern Tibetan Plateau.

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Blind spots in climate finance for innovation peter WARREN

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第1期11卷 60-64页

作者： peter WARREN School of Public Policy University College London(UCL)LondonWCIH 9QUUK

International climate finance is a sub-set of green finance and refers to investments specifically in climate change mitigation and adaptation activities,which primarily involve public finance and the leveraging of private finance in developing *** addition to continued international support for scaling low carbon solutions and facilitating replicability in developing countries,there remains an important need to increase the amount of climate finance provided to innovation,particularly demonstration(for technology innovation)and pilot implementation(for policy innovation),and to channel a greater proportion of Official Development Assistance(ODA)to‘hard-to-abate'areas,such as industrial decarbonisation,international transport and cross-sectoral issues like cooling and behavioural insights,to accelerate the commercialisation and implementation of technological,linancial and policy solutions to contribute to meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to‘well-below'2℃ in these *** research,development and demonstration(RD&D)support with technical assistance is important in providing the route to obtain wider donor finance(concessional finance)and private finance to enable deployment through scalability and replicability.

关键词： Climate finance Climate policy Paris Agreement Official development assistance Industrial decarbonisation Sustainable cooling Behavioural insights International transport

Exercise for stroke prevention

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第2期3卷 59-68页

作者： peter l Prior Neville Suskin lawson Health Research Institution LondonOntarioCanada St.Josephs Health Care Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Program LondonOntarioCanada Department of Medicine(Cardiology) Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

We review evidence concerning exercise for stroke *** biological reasons suggest that exercise would be important in preventing *** definitive randomised controlled trials evaluating the impact of physical activity(PA)and exercise on preventing stroke and mortality are lacking,observational studies,small randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses have provided evidence that PA and exercise favourably modify stroke risk factors,including hypertension,dyslipidaemia,diabetes,sedentary lifestyle,obesity,excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco *** is,therefore,important to understand the factors associated with poststroke PA/exercise and cardiorespiratory *** associated factors include self-efficacy,social support and quality of patients’relationships with health *** associated factors include logistical barriers,medical comorbidities,stroke-related deficits,negative exercise beliefs,fear of falling,poststroke fatigue,arthropathy/pain and *** research is needed to specify efficacious behavioural approaches to increase poststroke *** techniques probably include physician endorsement of exercise programmesto patients,enhancement of patient-professional relationships,providing patients an exercise rationale,motivational interviewing,collaborative goal-setting with patients,addressing logistical concerns,social support in programsmes,structured exercise programming,individualised behavioural instruction,behavioural diary recording,reviewing behavioural consequences of exercise efforts,reinforcing successful exercise *** programming without counselling may increase short-term activity;simple advice or information-giving is probably *** patients or those with cognitive impairment may need increased structure,with emphasis on behaviour per se,versus self-regulation *** support the latest American Heart Association/American Stroke Associati

关键词： prevention behaviour programming

Stress reduction via neuro-emotional technique to achieve the simultaneous resolution of chronic low back pain with multiple inflammatory and biobehavioural indicators:A randomized,double-blinded,placebo-controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第2期20卷 135-144页

作者： peter Bablis Henry Pollard Anthony l.Rosner Universal Health New South Wales 2028Australia School of Medical and Applied Sciences University of Central QueenslandBrisbaneNew South Wales 4000Australia Medical Information Services MA 02479-4149United States

Background:Beginning with the concepts of stress developed by Selye,an approach to stress and pain management,known as neuro-emotional technique(NET),has been *** is a treatment approach based on the principle that the stressor effects of dormant and/or current unresolved issues or trauma are what determine one’s bodily *** responses are relatively personalized to the conditioned,experiential and emotional reality of the ***:To determine the effect of NET on patients with chronic low back pain(ClBP)over ***,setting,participants,and interventions:In a randomized,double-blinded,placebo-controlled study conducted in a single clinic,NET or control treatments were given twice weekly for 4 weeks in a population of 112 *** outcome measures:Outcome measures,including Oswestry Disability Index,Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale,the psychoneuroimmunology markers of blood serum levels of C-reactive protein,tumour necrosis factor-a,interleukin-1(Il-1),Il-6,and Il-10,and 10 dimensions of the Short Form Health Survey scale,were assessed at baseline and at 1,3 and 6 months following the intervention ***:Compared to placebo,NET produced clinical and statistical significance(Plines of virtually all physiological,pain and disability markers,accompanied by gains in quality-of-life indicators at 0(baseline),1,3 and 6 *** of the percentages of patients whose 5 biomarkers lay outside the normative range were achieved at 1,3 and 6 months by NET but not control ***:A randomized,controlled trial of ClBP patients indicated that 8 NET interventions,compared to placebo,produced clinically and statistically significant reductions in pain,disability and inflammatory biomarkers,and improvements in quality-of-life measures.

关键词： Neuro-emotional technique Biopsychosocial model Emotion Mind-body therapies Inflammation Biomarker

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Immune dysfunction in acute alcoholic hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 11904-11913页

作者： Ashwin D Dhanda peter l Collins School of Clinical Sciences University of Bristol NIHR Academic Clinical lecturer in Hepatology Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry South West liver Unit Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust Department of liver Medicine University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust

Acute alcoholic hepatitis(AAH) is a serious complication of alcohol misuse and has high short term mortality. It is a clinical syndrome characterised by jaundice and coagulopathy in a patient with a history of recent heavy alcohol use and is associated with profound immune dysfunction with a primed but ineffective immune response against pathogens. Here, we review the current knowledge of the pathogenesis and immune defects of AAH and identify areas requiring further study. Alcohol activates the immune system primarily through the disruption of gut tight junction integrity allowing the escape of pathogenassociated molecular particles(PAMPs) into the portal venous system. PAMPs stimulate cells expressing toll-like receptors(mainly myeloid derived cells) and initiate a network of intercellular signalling by secretion of many soluble mediators including cytokines and chemokines. The latter coordinates the infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes and T cells and results in hepatic stellate cell activation, cellular damage and hepatocyte death by necrosis or apoptosis. On the converse of this immune activation is the growing evidence of impaired microbial defence. Neutrophils have reduced phagocytic capacity and oxidative burst and there is recent evidence that T cell exhaustion plays a role in this.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Alcoholic liver disease Toll-l

Immune dysfunction in cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2564-2577页

作者： Nora Sipeki peter Antal-Szalmas peter l lakatos Maria Papp Institute of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology University of Debrecen H-4032 DebrecenHungary Department of laboratory Medicine University of Debrecen H-4032 Debrecen Hungary 1st Department of Medicine Semmelweis University H-1083 Budapest Hungary

Innate and adaptive immune dysfunction,also referred to as cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction syndrome,is a major component of cirrhosis,and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of both the acute and chronic worsening of liver *** the evolution of the disease,acute decompensation events associated with organ failure(s),so-called acute-on chronic liver failure,and chronic decompensation with progression of liver fibrosis and also development of disease specific complications,comprise distinct clinical entities with different immunopathology *** bacterial translocation associated with systemic endotoxemia and increased occurrence of systemic bacterial infections have substantial impacts on both clinical *** and chronic exposure to bacteria and/or their products,however,can result in variable clinical *** immune status of patients is not constant during the illness;consequently,alterations of the balance between pro-and anti-in-flammatory processes result in very different dynamic *** this review we give a detailed overview of acquired immune dysfunction and its consequences for *** demonstrate the substantial influence of inherited innate immune dysfunction on acute and chronic inflammatory processes in cirrhosis caused by the pre-existing acquired immune dysfunction with limited compensatory ***,we highlight the current facts and future perspectives of how the assessment of immune dysfunction can assist clinicians in everyday practical decision-making when establishing treatment and care strategies for the patients with end-stage liver *** and efficient recognition of inappropriate performance of the immune system is essential for overcoming complications,delaying progression and reducing mortality.

关键词： Cirrhosis Immune dysfunction Endotoxemia

less common neoplasms of the pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3180-3185页

作者： Abby l Mulkeen peter S Yoo Charles Cha Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT and the VACT Healthcare SystemWest HavenCT330 Cedar StreetLH 118PO Box 208062New HavenCT06520-8062United States

Recently, there has been an increased recognition of neoplasms of the pancreas other than ductal adenocarcinorna. Although not as well studied or characterized as pancreatic adenocarcinorna there are many distinct lesions which exhibit diverse biological behaviors and varying degrees of malignancy. These lesions include： endocrine neoplasms, cystic tumors, solid pseudopapillary tumors, acinar cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, primary lymphoma of the pancreas, and metastatic lesions to the pancreas. These less common neoplasms are being diagnosed more frequently as the number and sensitivity of diagnostic imaging studies increase. This review article discusses the clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment of these less common, but quite relevant, neoplasms of the pancreas.

关键词： Pancreas Neoplasms Ductal adenocarcinoma

Diversifying Resistance Mechanisms in Cereal Crops Using Microphenomics

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第1期5卷 1-5页

作者： peter M.Dracatos Stefanie lück Dimitar K.Douchkov Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesAgriBioLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)Gatersleben Corrensstrasse 306466 Seeland OT GaterslebenGermany

hole-grain cereals,including wheat,barley,oat,rye,corn,rice,millet,and triticale,are a rich source of calories,essential vitamins,minerals,and phytochemicals that both nourish and protect humans and animals from diseases such as heart attack and cancer[1].However,susceptibility to foliar diseases caused by necrotrophic or biotrophic fungal pathogens continues to reduce yield potential or lead to total crop failure and famine in developing nations[2].Historically,foliar diseases of cereals have been controlled using either fungicide treatment[3]or plant breeding[4].

关键词： breeding cereal corn