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Fifty Years of Water Sensitive Urban Design, Salisbury, South Australia

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 63-72页

作者： John c. Radcliffe Declan Page Bruce Naumann peter Dillon cSIRO Land and Water Private Bag 2 Glen Osmond South Australia 5064 Australia city of Salisbury 12 James St Salisbury South Australia 5108 Australia

Australia has developed extensive policies and guidelines for the management of its water. The city of Salisbury, located within metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, developed rapidly through urbanisation from the 1970s. Water sensitive urban design principles were adopted to maximise the use of the increased rim-off generated by urbanisation and ameliorate flood risk. Managed aquifer recharge was introduced for storing remediated low-salinity stormwater by aquifer storage and recovery （ASR） in a brackish aquiter for subsequent lrngatlon. Ibis paper outlines now a municipal government has progressively adopted principles of Water Sensitive Urban Design during its development within a framework of evolving national water policies. Salisbury＇s success with stormwater harvesting led to the formation of a pioneering w aterbusiness that includes linking projects from nine sites to provide a non-potable supply of 5 ×10^6 m^3 year. These installations hosted a number of applied research projects addressing well configuration, water quality, reliability and economics and facilitated the evaluation of its system as a potential potable water source. The evaluation showed that while untreated stonnwater contained contaminants, subsurface storage and end-use controls were sufficient to make recovered water sale for public open space irrigation, and with chlorination acceptable lbr third pipe supplies. Drinking water quality could be achieved by adding microfiltration, disinfection with UV and chlorination. The costs that would need to be expended to achieve drinking water safety standards were found to be considerably less than the cost of establishing dual pipe distribution systems. The full cost of supply was determined to be AUD$1.57 m ＂ for non-potable water for pubhc open space lrngatlon much cheaper than mares water, AUD $3.45 m at that time. Producing and storing potable water was found to cost AUDS1.96 to $2.24 m .

关键词： Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) Stormwater harvesting Water recycling drinking water Low impact development Water sensitive urban design

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Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 828-840页

作者： Sonia Yun Liu Shemil P.Macelline peter V.chrystal peter h.Selle Poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney Camden Campus425 Werombi RoadCamdenNSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

The prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein(cP)diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best ***-cP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions;moreover,they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible *** variable impacts of reduced-cP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are *** more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-cP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino *** of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine,this emphasises the value of so-called“non-essential”amino *** digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed,although the functions of insulin in avian species require *** is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-cP diets;if so,the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be *** increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-cP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler *** is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-cP diets may be indicative of compromised *** progress in these directions can be realised,then the prospects of reduced-cP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

关键词： Amino acids Broiler chickens Glucose Insulin Protein Starch Threonine

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A success of a new teaching method to meet the growing demand of learning Evidence-based medicine (EBM) among doctors and nurses working in hong Kong A&E units

A success of a new teaching method to meet the growing deman...

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第十一次全国急诊医学学术会议暨中华医学会急诊医学分会成立二十周年庆典

作者： peter pang Yan chai hospital A&E Unit hong Kong Special Administrative Region hKSAR

In the present era of EBM, doctors and nurses need to know the new paradigm in clinical decision. EBM is the integration of your clinical expertise with the best available evidence and patients’ preferences. however it is hard to learn EBM by self-study and book stuffs’ reading;and it is even harder to find a course in hKSAR that is clinically oriented to their own specialties. A team of emergency specialists, initiated by peter pang, gather together on a voluntary basis and construct the first Literature Appraisal workshop with a simple goal of broadcasting EBM knowledge to our A&E doctors and nurses. The majority of our team is experienced hands in EBM and has attended Singapore Asia-Pacific EBM conference headed by Professor Gordon Guyaat of McMaster in canada. Our workshop is designed to consist of 5 morning sessions from June to October, 2005 on a monthly basis at Yan chai hospital, Tsuen Wan, hKSAR. With the support from our department head Dr Albert c h Lit, chief of Service, Yan chai hospital A&E Unit, the workshop is made possible without any charge to participants.

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An efficient synthesis of substituted benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehydes

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Science china chemistry 2007年第2期50卷 249-252页

作者： ZhU peter c WANG Der-haw MANI Neelakandha Advanced Sterilization Products Johnson & Johnson33 Technology DriveIrvineCA 92618USA Pharmaceutical Research and Development La Jolla Johnson & Johnson3210 Merryfield RowSan DiegoCA 92121USA

Substituted-benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehydes were synthesized by the reaction of substituted-1,2-bis(dibromomethyl) benzenes with fuming sulfuric acid,followed by hydrolysis. The yields were signifi-cantly improved by intr... 详细信息

关键词： aromatic aldehyde 1 2-bis(dibromomethyl) arene hydrolysis oxidation sodium bicarbonate fuming sulfuric acid

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Reading across Workplace Learning Research to Build Dialogue

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Frontiers of Education in china 2010年第3期5卷 365-381页

作者： peter h.Sawchuk Department of Sociology&Equity Studies in Education Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of TorontoToronto M5S 1V6Canada

The field of workplace learning scholarship in Western countries is reviewed. First, the emergence of workplace learning scholarship is discussed historically for its relation to the emergence and ongoing development of capitalism beginning from early thought on markets and productivity, 20th century scientific management, industrialism and post-industrialism theses, and finally contemporary conceptual and disciplinary expansion and the conditions of globalization under late capitalism. Following this, six thematic clusters of research are discussed in relation to key scholars, their primary contributions and the ways that each can, potentially, inform those working in other areas of workplace learning scholarship. These thematic clusters include the following: i. cognition, expertise, and the individual;ii. micro-interaction, cognition, and communication;iii. mediated practice and participation;iv. meaning, identity, and organization life;v. authority, conflict, and control;and vi. competitiveness and knowledge management. It is concluded that no single thematic cluster has established predominance, and that there is a strong tendency toward isolation or balkanization of research interests (thematically, nationally, linguistically, etc.) despite a variety of parallel and/or mutually informing interests.

关键词： workplace learning overview historical origins comparative conceptual approaches

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Facilitating the acceptance of tangibly reduced-crude protein diets for chicken-meat production

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 247-257页

作者： peter V.chrystal Shiva Greenhalgh peter h.Selle Sonia Yun Liu School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSE2006Australiali Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited pendle Hill2145NSWAustralia

Inclusions of non-bound amino acids particularly methionine,lysine and threonine,together with the"ideal protein"concept have allowed nutritionists to formulate broiler diets with reduced crude protein(cP)and increased nutrient density of notionally"essential"amino acids and energy content in recent decades,however,chicken-meat production has been projected to double between now and 2050,providing incentives to reduce dietary soybean meal inclusions further by tangibly reducing dietary cP and utilising a larger array of non-bound amino *** relatively conservative decreases in dietary cP,in the order of 20 to 30 g/kg,do not negatively impact broiler performance,further decreases in cP typically compromise broiler performance with associated increases in carcass lipid *** in carcass lipid deposition suggest changes occur in dietary energy balance,the mechanisms of which are still not fully understood but discourage the acceptance of diets with reductions in cP,Nevertheless,the groundwork has been laid to investigate both amino acid and non-amino acid limitations and propose facilitative strategies for adoption of tangible dietary cP reductions;consequently,these aspects are considered in detail in this ***,investigations into reduced dietary cP are epitomised by variability broiler performance due to the wide range of dietary specifications used and the many variables that should,or could,be considered in formulation of experimental ***,a holistic approach encompassing many factors influencing limitations to the adoption of tangibly reduced cP diets must be considered if they are to be successful in maintaining broiler performance without increasing carcass lipid deposition.

关键词： Amino acid Dietary energy Digestive dynamic Electrolyte balance Peptide Reduced crude protein

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Protein sources and starch-protein digestive dynamics manipulate growth performance in broiler chickens defined by an equilateraltriangle response surface design

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 204-213页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline peter V.chrystal peter h.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamden NSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia

A total of 360 male,off-sex Ross 308 chicks were offered 10 dietary treatments from 14 to 35 d post ehatch in an equilateral-triangle response surface design feeding study in order to confirm the importance of protein and amino acid digestive dynamics in broiler *** 3 apical diets were nutritionally-equivalent containing either soybean meal,non-bound amino acids or whey protein concentrate as the major source of dietary protein and amino *** blends of the 3 apical diets comprised the balance of 7 diets and each dietary treatment was offered to 6 replicate cages with 6 birds per *** performance,nutrient utilisation,apparent protein and starch digestibility coefficients were determined in 4 small intestinal *** optimal weight gain(2,085 g/bird)and feed conversion ratios(FcR,1.397)were generated by Diet 50S50W which included a 50:50 blend of apical diets rich in whey protein concentrate and soybean *** chickens offered Diet 50S50W also had the highest experimental and predicted jejunal digestibility(0.685 in proximal jejunum and 0.823 in distal jejunum).FcR was not correlated with apparent distal ileal digestibility coefficient(P>0.05)of protein but was correlated with apparent protein digestibility in proximal jejunum(r=-0.369,P=0.040)and distal jejunum(r=-0.316,P=0.015).Surplus dietary starch was correlated with increased fat pad weight(r=0.781,P?0.008).The findings confirmed the relevance of protein digestion rate,reflected by jejunal digestibility,on feed conversion of broiler chickens.A balance between protein-bound and non-bound crystalline or synthetic amino acids may be required for optimal growth and protein digestion.

关键词： Amino acid Digestive dynamics Glucose Protein Starch

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Trans-synaptic degeneration as a mechanism of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2682-2684页

作者： Olwen c.Murphy peter A.calabresi Shiv Saidha Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is regarded as an immunemediated,demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system,however neuroaxonal degeneration is accepted as the principal substrate of disability accumulation(Dutta and... 详细信息

关键词： degeneration sclerosis myelin

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Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk in the Beijing-Tianjin-hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： changqing Lin peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.h.Lau Jimmy c.h.Fung Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shakhaoat hossain chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China hubei Key Laboratory of critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey club School of Public health and Primary care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant *** this study,a risk-based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–hebei(BTh)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the *** to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the *** the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTh(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the *** results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk-based *** with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide health risk carbon neutrality Mega-events

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Starch digestion rates in multiple samples of commonly used feed grains in diets for broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 450-459页

作者： peter h.Selle Amy F.Moss Ali Khoddami peter V.chrystal Sonia Yun Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Sydney Institute of Agriculture Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSW2145Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

In this study the starch digestion rates in broiler chickens from 18 samples of 5 commonly used feed grains(sorghum,wheat,maize,barley,triticale)were *** methodology to determine starch digestion rates in poultry is detailed *** digestion rates were not significantly different(P-0.128)across the 18 feed grains,which reflects the wide variations that were observed within a given ***,starch digestion rates in broiler chickens offered wheat-based diets were significantly more rapid by 56.0%(0.117 versus 0.075 min-1;p=0.012)than their sorghum-based counterparts on the basis of a pair-wise *** descending order,the following starch diges-tion rates were observed:wheat(0.117 min-1),barley(0.104 min-1),triticale(0.093 min-1),maize(0.086 min-1),sorghum(0.075 min-1).The implications of these findings are discussed as they almost certainly have implications for poultry nutrition and the development of reduced crude protein diets for broiler chickens.

关键词： Broiler chicken Digestive dynamics Feed grain Starch

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