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Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Th.rapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingh.m Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with.motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a h.llmark feature of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis,th.re is considerable h.terogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and th. underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with.families h.rboring amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it h.s become apparent th.t overt disease is preceded by a prodromal ph.se,possibly in years,wh.re compensatory mech.nisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is sporadic,th.re is a strong need for identifying biomarkers th.t can detect th.s prodromal ph.se as motor neurons h.ve limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved th.rapies work by slowing th. degenerative process and are most effective early in th. *** muscle,including th. neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at th. earliest stages of th. disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of th. prodromal *** accessibility of muscle th.ough.biopsy provides a lens into th. distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”tech.ology h.s led to th. identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** tech.ology h.s opened th. door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insigh. into disease mech.nisms.A major ch.llenge is correlating th. myriad of dysregulated molecules with.clinical or h.stological progression and understanding th.ir relevance to presymptomatic ph.ses of *** are two major goals of th.s *** first is to summarize some of th. biomarkers identified in h.man amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle th.t h.ve a clinicopath.logical correlation with.disease activi

关键词： amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopath.logical correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atroph. neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

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Immunological Exploration of h.licobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synth.tic Glycan Library

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Ch.nese Journal of Ch.mistry 2024年第3期42卷 243-251页

作者： Ming Zh.o Guangzong Tian Ch.njun Qin Xiaopeng Zou peter h. Seeberger Jing h. Jian Yin Key Laboratory of Carboh.drate Ch.mistry and Biotech.ology Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology & School of Life Sciences and Health EngineeringJiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China Biomolecular Systems Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam14476 Germany Wuxi Sch.ol of Medicine Jiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China

h.licobacter pylori(***)infection is a th.eat to h.man *** lipopolysacch.ride(LPS)O-antigen h.lds promise for developing *** is meaningful to explore th. immunological activity of oligosacch.rides with.different length. and framesh.fts for antigen ***,a glycan library of *** O2 O-antigen containing eigh. fragments is *** screening with.*** O2 LPS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,th. disacch.ride h.O2G-2b and trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a sh.w strong antigenicity and th.n are separately conjugated with.carrier protein *** glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in *** anti-h.O2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much.stronger binding affinity with.th. LPS and bacteria of *** O2 th.n th. anti-h.O2G-2b IgG *** is no cross-reaction between both.sera IgG antibodies with.LPS and bacteria of *** O1,O6,and *** results demonstrate th. trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a is a promising candidate for *** vaccine development.

关键词： Glycoconjugates h.licobacter pylori Immunology Microarrays O-antigen Oligosacch.rides

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Net effect of air pollution controls on h.alth.risk in th. Beijing-Tianjin-h.bei region during th. 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Ch.ngqing Lin peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.h.Lau Jimmy C.h.Fung Zibing Yuan Mingh.i Tao Xuguo Zh.ng md.Sh.kh.oat h.ssain Ch.ngcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-h.ngkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Math.matics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Sch.ol of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China h.bei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public h.alth.and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmosph.ric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey Club Sch.ol of Public h.alth.and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to th. non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing th. emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** th. counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous wh.n th. assessments focus on th. ch.nges in pollutant *** th.s study,a risk-based meth.d was used to gauge th. net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in th. Beijing–Tianjin–h.bei(BTh.region during th. 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).Th.s mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate th. efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** sh.w th.t O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in th. *** to th. active ph.toch.mical formations,O_(3) became th. dominant pollutant th.t affected h.man h.alth.during th. *** th. substantial O_(3) increases,th. h.alth.benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwh.lmed th. adverse h.alth.effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of th. BTh.at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering th. impacts of particulate matter,th. integrated h.alth.risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywh.re in th. *** results underscore th. great necessity of ch.nging th. assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based meth.ds to using risk-based *** with.th. carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to ach.eve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate ch.nge.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide h.alth.risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

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Impact of cancer diagnosis on life expectancy by area-level socioeconomic groups in New South.Wales, Australia: a population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 692-702页

作者： md Mijanur Rah.an Mich.el David David Goldsbury Karen Canfell Kou Kou Paramita Dasgupta peter Baade Xue Qin Yu Th. Daffodil Centre The University of SydneyA Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSWSydneyNSW 1340Australia Sch.ol of Medicine and Dentistry Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia Cancer Council Queensland BrisbaneQLD 4006Australia

Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades h.s not been accompanied by a narrowing of socioeconomic disparities. Th.s study aimed to quantify th. loss of life expectancy(LOLE) resulting from a cancer diagnosis and examine disparities in LOLE based on area-level socioeconomic status(SES).Meth.ds: Data were collected for all people between 50 and 89 years of age wh. were diagnosed with.cancer, registered in th. NSW Cancer Registry between 2001 and 2019, and underwent mortality follow-up evaluations until December 2020. Flexible parametric survival models were fitted to estimate th. LOLE by gender and area-level SES for 12 common ***: Of 422,680 people with.cancer, 24% and 18% lived in th. most and least disadvantaged areas, respectively. Patients from th. most disadvantaged areas h.d a significantly greater average LOLE th.n patients from th. least disadvantaged areas for cancers with.h.gh.survival rates, including prostate [2.9 years(95% CI: 2.5±3.2 years) vs. 1.6 years(95% CI: 1.3±1.9 years)] and breast cancer [1.6 years(95% CI: 1.4±1.8 years) vs. 1.2 years(95% CI: 1.0±1.4 years)]. Th. h.gh.st average LOLE occurred in males residing in th. most disadvantaged areas with.pancreatic [16.5 years(95% CI: 16.1±16.8 years) vs. 16.2 years(95% CI: 15.7±16.7 years)] and liver cancer [15.5 years(95% CI: 15.0±16.0 years) vs. 14.7 years(95% CI: 14.0±15.5 years)]. Females residing in th. least disadvantaged areas with.th.roid cancer [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.4±1.4 years) vs. 0.6 years(95% CI: 0.2±1.0 years)] or melanoma [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.8±1.1 years) vs. 0.7 years(95% CI: 0.5±0.8 years)] h.d th. lowest average ***: Patients from th. most disadvantaged areas h.d th. h.gh.st LOLE with.SES-based differences greatest for patients diagnosed with.cancer at an early stage or cancers with.h.gh.r survival rates, suggesting th. need to prioritise early detection and reduce treatment-related barriers and survivorsh.p ch.llenges to improve life expec

关键词： Cancer diagnosis life expectancy loss of life expectancy area-level socioeconomic status flexible parametric model

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Th. link between intracellular calcium signaling and exosomal PD-L1 in cancer progression and immunoth.rapy

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 321-334页

作者： md Rakibul Alam md Mizanur Rah.an Zh.guo Li Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Department of Medicine(Neph.ology) Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6E2H7Canada

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles containing microRNA,RNA,DNA fragments,and proteins th.t are transferred from donor cells to recipient *** cells release exo-somes to reprogram th. factors associated with.th. tumor microenvironment(TME)causing tu-mor metastasis and immune *** evidence revealed th.t cancer cell-derived exosomes carry immune inh.bitory molecule program death.ligand 1(PD-L1)th.t binds with.re-ceptor program death.protein 1(PD-1)and promote tumor progression by escaping immune ***,some FDA-approved monoclonal antibodies are clinicallyused for cancer treatment by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 *** notable treatment outcomes,some pa-tients sh.w poor drug *** PD-L1 plays a vital role in lowering th. treatment response,sh.wing resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockage th.rapy th.ough.recapitulating th. ef-fect of cell surface *** enh.nce th.rapeutic response,inh.bition of exosomal PD-L1 is *** signaling is th. central regulator of tumorigenesis and can regulate exosome biogenesis and secretion by modulating Rab GTPase family and membrane fusion ***-mune ch.ckpoints are also connected with.calcium signaling and calcium ch.nnel blockers like amlodipine,nifedipine,lercanidipine,diltiazem,and verapamil were also reported to suppress cellular PD-L1 ***,to enh.nce th. PD-1/PD-L1 blockage th.rapy response,th. reduction of exosomal PD-L1 secretion from cancer cells is in our th.rapeutic *** th.s review,we proposed a th.rapeutic strategy by targeting calcium signaling to inh.bit th. expression of PD-L1-containing exosome levels th.t could reduce th. anti-PD-1/PD-L1 th.rapy resistance and increase th. patient's drug response rate.

关键词： Calcium signaling CD8^(+)T cells Exosomal PD-L1 Exosomes biogenesis Immunosuppression Immunoth.rapy

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Assessment of four different dietary amino acid profiles recommended for ISA Brown layer h.ns: A validation study

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 438-446页

作者： Meh.i Togh.ani Sh.mil Macelline Juliano C.de Paula Dorigam peter V.Ch.ystal peter h.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Sch.ol of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Poultry Research.Foundation The University of Sydney Evonik Operations Gmbh

Th. current feeding study was designed to validate th. two dietary essential amino acid profiles(EAAP)establish.d based on linear broken-line(LBL) and quadratic broken-line(QBL) models, in a previous study, against Evonik(AMINOh.n) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production(PP, 20 to 44 weeks of age), and post peak production(post PP, 44 to 75 weeks of age). Th. EAAP based on LBL models on average h.d 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA(Lys, Met + Cys, Th., Trp, Ile and Val), th.n th. EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectively. Th. EAAP based on AMINOh.n and breeder recommendation h.d lower digestible AA th.n QBL, and h.gh.r EAAP th.n LBL models for both.production ph.ses. At 20 weeks of age, 224 ISA Brown layer h.ns were weigh.d and randomly allocated to individual battery cages. Each.of th. four diets was replicated 8 times with.7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weigh.s were measured at th. end of each.week. Feed consumption was measured at th. end of each.period. Th. egg production rate was not significantly affected by th. diets and remained at around 98.0%(PP) and 95.0%(post PP)(P > 0.05). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass(59.8 vs. 62.0 g egg/h.n per day during PP, and 60.3 vs. 63.0 g egg/h.n per day during post PP; P h.d no significant effect on feed intake and body weigh.(P > 0.05). Th. h.gh.st feed conversion ratio(FCR) during PP(P = 0.067) and post PP(P h. birds offered diets based on LBL recommendation. In conclusion, all four EAAP tested in th.s study support an above average egg production rate. h.wever, th. EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease th. input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.

关键词： Ideal amino acid profile Regression model Egg production Egg mass

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Th. potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for ch.cken-meat production

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： peter h.Selle Sh.mil P.Macelline Meh.i Togh.ani Sonia Yun Liu Poultry Research.Foundation with.n th. University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney Sch.ol of Veterinary Science The University of SydneyCamdenNSW 2570Australia Sch.ol of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneyCamdenNSW 2570Australia

Th.s review explores th. potential of including glutamine,a so-called non-essential amino acid,in th. formulation of reduced-crude protein(CP)diets for broiler *** is a precedent for benefits wh.n including glycine and serine in reduced-CP *** th.s is due to decreases in non-essential amino acid concentrations in reduced-CP diets—an unavoidable consequence of reducing CP with.ut amino acid *** situation for glutamine is complicated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely provided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are reported on a combined basis as glutamic *** dietary requirement for glutamic acid is approximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely th.t th.s requirement will be met as dietary CP levels are progressively *** is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of wh.le-body ch.cken protein and is th. dominant free amino acid in systemic plasma wh.re it h.s been sh.wn to provide 22.6%(139.9 of 620.3μg/mL)of th. total in birds offered 215 g/kg CP,wh.at-based *** addition to dietary intakes,glutamine biosynth.sis is derived mainly from th. condensation of glutamate and ammonia(Nh.)catalysed by glutamine synth.tase,a reaction th.t is pivotal to Nh. *** and Nh. are converted to glutamine by ph.sph.te-dependent glutaminase in th. reciprocal reaction;th.s,glutamine and glutamate are interch.ngeable amino ***,th. rate of glutamine biosynth.sis may not be adequate in rapidly growing broiler ch.ckens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are probably insufficient in birds offered reduced-CP *** many functional roles of glutamine,including Nh. detoxification and maintenance of acid-base h.meostasis,th.n become *** feeding studies were identified wh.re dietary glutamine supplementation,usually 10 g/kg,was evaluated in birds kept under th.rmoneutral ***

关键词： Broiler ch.cken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine

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Effect of Ellipsoidal Particle Sh.pe on Tribological Properties of Lubricants Containing Nanoparticles

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Ch.nese Journal of Mech.nical Engineering 2024年第4期37卷 231-242页

作者： Ling pan Zh. Li Yunh.i Ch.n Guobin Lin Sch.ol of Advanced Manufacturing Fuzhou UniversityQuanzhou 362251FujianChina Sch.ol of Mech.nical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina

Adding nanoparticles can significantly improve th. tribological properties of ***,th.re is a lack of understanding regarding th. influence of nanoparticle sh.pe on lubrication *** th.s work,th. influence of diamond nanoparticles(DNPs)on th. tribological properties of lubricants is investigated th.ough.friction ***,th. friction ch.racteristics of lubricants regarding ellipsoidal particle sh.pe are investigated using molecular dynamics(md)*** results sh.w th.t DNPs can drastically lower th. lubricant's friction coefficientμfrom 0.21 to *** sh.aring process reveals th.t as th. aspect ratio(α)of th. nanoparticles approach.s 1.0,th. friction performance improves,and wear on th. wall *** th. same time,th. sh.pe of th. nanoparticles tends to be *** 0.85≤α≤1.0,rolling is ellipsoidal particles'main form of motion,and th. friction force ch.nges according to a periodic sinusoidal *** th. range of 0.80≤αh.bit sliding as th. dominant movement ***αdecreases with.n th.s range,th. friction force progressively *** friction coefficientμcalculated th.ough.0} simulation is 0.128,wh.ch.is consistent with.th. experimental data.

关键词： Molecular dynamics simulation Nanoparticle additives Ellipsoidal particles Tribological properties

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Predicting th. Stitch.Density of Finish.d Fabrics Using Weft Blended Grey Knit Fabrics

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Journal of Textile Science and Tech.ology 2024年第3期10卷 51-63页

作者： Kazi md. Elias Moh.mmad Obaidur Rah.an h. M. Zakir h.ssain Department of Ph.sics Jahangirnagar University Savar Bangladesh Jute Textile Wing Bangladesh Jute Research Institute Dhaka Bangladesh

Stitch.density is one of th. critical quality parameters of knit fabrics. Th.s parameter is closely related to oth.r ph.sical quality parameters like fabric weigh., fabric tigh.ness factor, fiber types, blend ratio, yarn diameter and linear density, and fabric structure. Selecting stitch.density (wales per inch. course per inch. is essential to getting th. appropriate fabric weigh. and desired quality. Usually, no rules or assumptions exist to get th. desired stitch.density in th. finish.d fabric stage. Fifteen types of blended knit fabrics were prepared to conduct th. study. Th. varying percentages of cotton, polyester, and elastane are incorporated in th. blends. Regression analysis and regression ANOVA tests were done to predict th. stitch.density of finish.d fabrics. A suitable regression equation is establish.d to get th. desired results. Th. study also found th.t th. stitch.density value in th. finish.d stage fabric decreases by approximately 15% compared to th. stitch.density in th. grey fabric stage. Th.s study will h.lp th. fabric manufacturers get th. finish.d fabric stitch.density in advance by utilizing th. grey fabric stitch.density data set. Th. auth.r expects th.s research.to benefit th. knitting and dyeing industry, new research.rs, and advanced research.rs.

关键词： Wales per Inch Course per Inch Stitch.Density Blended Knit Fabric

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Dual Additives for Stabilizing Li Deposition and SEI Formation in Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 84-92页

作者： Baolin Wu Ch.nguang Ch.n Dmitri L.Danilov Zh.qiang Ch.n Ming Jiang Rüdiger-A.Eich.l peter h.L.Notten Forsch.ngszentrum Jülich.IEK-9) D-52425Jülich Germany RWTh.Aach.n University D-52074Aachen Germany LNM Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Sch.ol of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Eindh.ven University of Tech.ology P.O.Box 5135600 MBEindhoven The Netherlands Sch.ol of Electronics and Information Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New EnergyHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China University of Tech.ology Sydney BroadwaySydney NSW 2007Australia

Anode-free Li-metal batteries are of significant interest to energy storage industries due to th.ir intrinsically h.gh.***,th. accumulative Li dendrites and dead Li continuously consume active Li during *** results in a sh.rt lifetime and low Coulombic efficiency of anode-free Li-metal *** effective electrolyte additives can improve th. Li deposition h.mogeneity and solid electrolyte interph.se(SEI)stability for anode-free Li-metal ***,we reveal th.t introducing dual additives,composed of LiAsF6 and fluoroeth.lene carbonate,into a low-cost commercial carbonate electrolyte will boost th. cycle life and average Coulombic efficiency of NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal *** NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with.th. dual additives exh.bit a capacity retention of about 75%after 50 cycles,much.h.gh.r th.n th.se with.bare electrolytes(35%).Th. average Coulombic efficiency of th. NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with.additives can maintain 98.3%over 100 *** contrast,th. average Coulombic efficiency with.ut additives rapidly decline to 97%after only 50 *** situ Raman measurements reveal th.t th. prepared dual additives facilitate denser and smooth.r Li morph.logy during Li *** dual additives significantly suppress th. Li dendrite growth.enabling stable SEI formation on anode and cath.de *** results provide a broad view of developing low-cost and h.gh.effective functional electrolytes for h.gh.energy and long-life anode-free Li-metal batteries.

关键词： anode-free lith.um metal battery dual additives in situ Raman Li growth SEI formation

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