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The importance of different forms of prevention in travel medicine

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 74-77页

作者： peter Felkai SOS Hungary Medical Service Szentendrei ut 301 BudapestHungaryH-1039

The Asia-Pacific region is becoming an increasingly popular destination for holidaymakers and business *** the seductive tourist attractions and the growing financial importance of the region,infectious diseases have unfortunately repeatedly caused major epidemics in the *** area includes various geographical situations from high mountains to the subtropical and monsoon forests,dry deserts and *** travel medicine specialist’s task is to decrease the various risk of travel to the *** diseases,extreme temperatures and marine hazards could be almost entirely prevented by primary prevention forms of travel medicine such as vaccination,chemoprophylaxis and pretravel *** are some high-risk groups(e.g.,elderly people,backpackers,families with children,adventure travelers) among the growing number of ***,the increased numbers of such travelers result in a rising incidence of travelrelated illnesses and *** those groups,primary prevention sometimes is not enough. The pretravel medical check up,specialists’ consultations and treatment,as forms of secondary prevention,are also essential in travel *** who suffer from serious illnesses or who have accidents must often be repatriated."State-of-the-art repatriation",as a special form of tertiary prevention of travel medicine will play an important role in the future and is direcdy related to effective travel insurance,which could help in providing good medical care to the patients even far from their *** levels,methods and importance of prevention in travel medicine are discussed in this article.

关键词： Travel medicine Preventive medicine Graduate education Medical assistance Pretravel advice Travel-related illness Prexisting disease emporiatrics

Memoirs of a Survivor: Masuji Ibuse's Black Rain

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外国文学研究 2005年第2期27卷 128-132页

作者： peter Messent professor of modern American literature at the University of Nottingham in england

This paper examines the motif of survival in Masuji Ibuse’s Hiroshima novel Black Rain (1969). It explores narrative technique, figurative language, voice and t one, and the gap between thought and feeling, to show h... 详细信息

关键词：日本广岛原子弹小说叙事技巧《暴雨》 Masuji Ibuse

Decarbonising energy: The developing international activity in hydrogen technologies and fuel cells

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2020年第12期29卷 405-415页

作者： John Meurig Thomas peter P.edwards peter J.Dobson Gari P.Owend Department of Materials Science&Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)-Oxford Centre of excellence in Petrochemicals and Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK The Queen’s College University of OxfordOxford OX14AWUK Annwvyn Solutions(Independent Consultant) BromleyKent BR13DWUK

Hydrogen technologies and fuel cells offer an alternative and improved solution for a decarbonised energy *** cells are electrochemical converters;transforming hydrogen (or energy sources containing hydrogen) and oxygen directly into *** hydrogen fuel cell,invented in 1839,permits the generation of electrical energy with high efficiency through a non-combustion,electrochemical process and,importantly,without the emission ofits point of ***,despite numerous efforts to exploit the obvious attractions of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells,various challenges have been encountered,some of which are reviewed ***,however,given the exigent need to urgently seek low-carbon paths for humankind’s energy future,numerous countries are advancing the deployment of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells not only for transport,but also as a means of the storage of excess renewable energy from,for example,wind and solar ***,hydrogen is also being blended into the natural gas supplies used in domestic heating and targeted in the decarbonisation of critical,large-scale industrial processes such as steel *** briefly review specific examples in countries such as Japan,South Korea and the People’s Republic of China,as well as selected examples from europe and North America in the utilization of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells.

关键词： Decarbonisation Hydrogen energy Hydrogen economy Fuel cells environment Sustainability

Molecular Analysis of Legume Nodule Development and Autoregulation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第1期52卷 61-76页

作者： Brett J. Ferguson Arief Indrasumunar Satomi Hayashi Yu-Hsiang Lin Dugald e. Reid peter M. Gresshoff ARC Centre of excellence for Integrative Legume Research The University of Queensland

Legumes are highly important food, feed and biofuel crops. With few exceptions, they can enter into an intricate symbiotic relationship with specific soil bacteria called rhizobia. This interaction results in the formation of a new root organ called the nodule in which the rhizobia convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into forms of nitrogen that are useable by the plant. The plant tightly controls the number of nodules it forms, via a complex root-to-shoot-to-root signaling loop called autoregulation of nodulation （AON）. This regulatory process involves peptide hormones, receptor kinases and small metabolites. Using modern genetic and genomic techniques, many of the components required for nodule formation and AON have now been isolated. This review addresses these recent findings, presents detailed models of the nodulation and AON processes, and identifies gaps in our understanding of these process that have yet to be fully explained.

关键词： Molecular Analysis of Legume Nodule Development and Autoregulation

Reappraising the P-T evolution of the Rogaland-Vest Agder Sector,southwestern Norway

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： eleanore Blereau Tim e.Johnson Chris Clark Richard J.M.Taylor peter D.Kinny Martin Hand Department of Applied Geology The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)Curtin University Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)School of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Adelaide

The Rogaland-Vest Agder Sector of southwestern Norway comprises high-grade metamorphic rocks intruded by voluminous plutonic bodies that include the ~1000 km^2 Rogaland Igneous Complex（RIC）.New petrographic observations and thermodynamic phase equilibria modelling of three metapelitic samples collected at various distances（30 km,10 km and ~ 10 m） from one of the main bodies of RIC anorthosite were undertaken to assess two alternative P-T-t models for the metamorphic evolution of the *** results are consistent with a revised two-phase *** metamorphism followed a clockwise P-T path reaching peak conditions of ~ 850-950 ℃ and ~7-8 kbar at ~1035 Ma followed by high-temperature decompression to ~5 kbar at ~950 Ma,and resulted in extensive anatexis and melt loss to produce highly residual *** emplacement of the RIC at ~930 Ma caused regional-scale contact metamorphism that affected country rocks 10 km or more from their contact with the *** thermal overprint is expressed in the sample proximal to the anorthosite by replacement of sillimanite by coarse intergrowths of cordierite plus spinel and growth of a second generation of garnet,and in the intermediate（10 km） sample by replacement of sapphirine by coarse intergrowths of cordierite,spinel and *** formation of late biotite in the intermediate sample may suggest the rocks retained small quantities of melt produced by regional metamorphism and remained at temperatures above the solidus for up to 100 *** results are more consistent with an accretionary rather than a collisional model for the Sveconorwegian Orogen.

关键词： UHTPhase equilibria modellingRogaland Igneous ComplexTHeRMOCALCSveconorwegian Orogen

Model selection for seasonal influenza forecasting

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第1期2卷 56-70页

作者： Alexander e.Zarebski peter Dawson James M.McCaw Robert Moss School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Land Personnel Protection Branch Land DivisionDefence Science and Technology OrganisationMelbourneAustralia Centre for epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Modelling&Simulation Murdoch Childrens Research InstituteRoyal Childrens HospitalMelbourneAustralia

epidemics of seasonal influenza inflict a huge burden in temperate climes such as Melbourne(Australia)where there is also significant variability in their timing and *** filters combined with mechanistic transmission models for the spread of influenza have emerged as a popular method for forecasting the progression of these *** extensive research it is still unclear what the optimal models are for forecasting influenza,and how one even measures forecast *** this paper,we present a likelihood-based method,akin to Bayes factors,for model selection when the aim is to select for predictive ***,“predictive skill”is measured by the probability of the data after the forecasting date,conditional on the data from before the forecasting *** this method we choose an optimal model of influenza transmission to forecast the number of laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza in Melbourne in each of the 2010e15 *** basic transmission model considered has the susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered structure with extensions allowing for the effects of absolute humidity and inhomogeneous mixing in the *** neither of the extensions provides a significant improvement in fit to the data they do differ in terms of their predictive *** measurements of absolute humidity and a sinusoidal approximation of those measurements are observed to increase the predictive skill of the forecasts,while allowing for inhomogeneous mixing reduces the *** discuss how our work could be integrated into a forecasting system and how the model selection method could be used to evaluate forecasts when comparing to multiple surveillance systems providing disparate views of influenza activity.

关键词： mixing inhomogeneous absolute

Automated ex-situ detection of pitting corrosion and its effect on the mechanical integrity of rare earth magnesium alloy-We43

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 545-558页

作者： Kerstin van Gaalen Felix Gremse Felix Benn peter e.McHugh Alexander Kopp Ted J.Vaughan Biomechanics Research Centre(BioMeC) Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringCollege of Science and EngineeringNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland Meotec GmbH AachenGermany Institute for experimental Molecular Imaging RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany School of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom

This study develops a three-dimensional automated detection framework(PitScan)that systematically evaluates the severity and phenomenology of pitting *** framework uses a python-based algorithm to analyse microcomputer-tomography scans(μCT)of cylindrical specimens undergoing *** approach systematically identifies several surface-based corrosion features,enabling full spatial characterisation of pitting parameters,including pit density,pit size,pit depth as well as pitting factor according to ASTM ***,it is used to evaluate pitting formation in tensile specimens of a Rare earth Magnesium alloy undergoing corrosion,and relationships between key pitting parameters and mechanical performance are *** demonstrated that several of the parameters described in ASTM G46-94,including pit number,pit density and pitting factor,showed little correlation to mechanical ***,this study did identify that other parameters showed strong correlations with the ultimate tensile strength and these tended to be directly linked to the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the ***,our results indicate,that parameters directly linked to the loss of the cross-sectional area(*** material width),are parameters that are most suited to provide an indication of a specimen’s mechanical *** automated detection framework developed in this study has the potential to provide a basis to standardise measurements of pitting corrosion across a range of metals and future prediction of mechanical strength over degradation time.

关键词： Magnesium Corrosion Degradation Micro-computer-tomography Pit detection Automatization Mechanical integrity

Seasonality of PSII thermostability and water use e ffi ciency of in situ mountainous Norway spruce(Picea abies)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 197-208页

作者： peter Petrik Anja Petek-Petrik Alena Konopkova peter Fleischer Srdjan Stojnic Ina Zavadilova Daniel Kurjak Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic Department of Vegetation ecology Institute of Botany CASBrnoCzech Republic Faculty of Forestry Technical University of ZvolenZvolenSlovakia Institute of Forest ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesZvolenSlovakia Institute of Lowland Forestry and environment University of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia

The stability of monocultural,even-aged spruce forests at lower altitudes in Central europe is seriously threatened by the prospects of global climate *** thermostability and water use efficiency of their photo synthetic apparatus might play a vital role in their successful *** this study,photo systemⅡ(PSⅡ)performance(OJIP transient,rapid light curves)and thermostability were analyzed in Norway spruce(Picea abies(L.)Karst.)throughout the growing season of the exceptionally warm year 2018(May-September)in the Western Carpathians,*** measurements were accompanied by analysis of pigment concentrations in the *** addition,gas-exchange temperature curves were produced weekly from June until September to obtain intrinsic water use *** the beginning of the growing season,needles exposed to heat stress showed significantly higher basal fluorescence and lower quantum yield,performance index,critical temperature thresholds of PSII inactivation and nonphotochemical yield in comparison to other *** overall thermostability(heat-resistance)of PSII peaked in July and August,reflected in the lowest basal fluorescence and the highest quantum yield of PSII,critical temperature thresholds and yield of non-photochemical quenching under heat ***,the ratio between chlorophyll and carotenoids was the highest in August and had a positive impact on PSII ***,the high-temperature intrinsic water use efficiency was significantly higher during July and August than in *** show that15-year-old trees of Picea abies at 840 m *** acclimative seasonal responses of PSII thermostability and intrinsic water use efficiency during an exceptionally warm *** results suggest that mountainous *** at lower altitudes can acclimate their photosynthetic apparatus to higher temperatures during summer.

关键词： Heat stress Photosynthesis Non-photochemical quenching Pigments Intrinsic water use efficiency

Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtype 2 in human colonic mucosa: Down-regulation in ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第9期19卷 1416-1423页

作者： ekaterini Chatzaki peter A Anton Mulugeta Million Maria Lambropoulou Theodoros Constantinidis George Kolios Yvette Taché Dimitri e Grigoriadis Neurocrine Biosciences Inc. San Diego CA 92121 United States Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Democritus University of Thrace 68100 Alexandroupolis Greece Center for HIV Prevention Research Division of Digestive Diseases University of California at Los Angeles and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles CA 90073 United States Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurobiology of Stress Division of Digestive Diseases University of California at Los Angeles and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles CA 90073 United States Laboratory of Histology-embryology Faculty of Medicine Democritus University of Thrace 68100 Alexandroupolis Greece Laboratory of Hygiene and environmental Protection Faculty of Medicine Democritus University of Thrace 68100 Alexandroupolis Greece

AIM: To assess corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF 2 ) expression in the colon of healthy subjects and patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). MeTHODS: We examined CRF2 gene and protein expression in the distal/sigmoid colonic mucosal biopsies from healthy subjects and patients with UC (active or disease in remission), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and functional bowel disease (FBD) by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. ReSULTS: Gene expression of CRF2 was demonstrated in the normal human colonic biopsies, but not in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco2. Receptor protein localization showed immunoreactive CRF 2 receptors in the lamina propria and in the epithelial cells of the distal/sigmoid biopsy samples. Interestingly, CRF 2 immunoreactivity was no longer observed in epithelial cells of patients with mild-moderately active UC and disease in remission, while receptor protein expression did not change in the lamina propria. No differences in CRF 2 expression profile were observed in distal/sigmoid intestinal biopsies from HIV infection and FBD patients, showing no signs of inflammation. CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of the CRF2 receptor in the distal/sigmoid biopsies of UC patients is indicative of change in CRF 2 signalling associated with the process of inflammation.

关键词： Colonic mucosa Corticotropin-releasing factor Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor Human immunodeficiency virus Ulcerative colitis Urocortin