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Genetic diversity of RNA viruses infecting invertebrate pests of rice

Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 175-187页

作者： Haoran Wang Shufen chao Qing Yan Shu Zhang Guoqing chen chonghui Mao Yang Hu Fengquan Yu Shuo Wang Liang Lv Baojun Yang Jiachun He Songbai Zhang Liangsheng Zhang peter Simmonds Guozhong Feng State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 311400China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Institute of Plant Protection&Soil Fertilizer Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China Institute of Plant Protection Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550000China Institute of Plant Protection Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161China Sanya Agricultural Technology Extension and Service centre Sanya 572000China college of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434000China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Nuffield Department of Medicine Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13SYUnited Kingdom

Invertebrate species are a natural reservoir of viral genetic diversity,and invertebrate pests are widely distributed in crop ***,information on viruses infecting invertebrate pests of crops is *** this report,we describe the deep metatranscriptomic sequencing of 88 invertebrate samples covering all major invertebrate pests in rice *** identified 296 new RNA viruses and 13 known RNA *** viruses clustered within 31 families,with many highly divergent viruses constituting potentially new families and *** the identified viruses,13 RNA viruses clustered within the Fiersviridae family of bacteriophages,and 48 RNA viruses clustered within families and genera of *** detected known rice viruses in novel invertebrate hosts at high ***,some novel RNA viruses have genome structures closely matching to known plant viruses and clustered within genera of several plant virus *** potential insect pathogenic RNA viruses were detected in invertebrate *** analysis revealed that host taxonomy plays a major role and geographical location plays an important role in structuring viral ***-species transmission of RNA viruses was detected between invertebrate *** identified viral genomes showed extensive variation for invertebrate viral families or ***,the large-scale metatranscriptomic analysis greatly expands our understanding of RNA viruses in rice invertebrate species,the results provide valuable information for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated crop diseases.

关键词： invertebrate species metatranscriptome viral diversity viral transmission viral genomes

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Impact of Storage Temperature on Microbial Diversity and Probiotic Effect of Liquid Brewers’ Yeast

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 168-182页

作者： peter Alphonce Obuong Alaru Alfred Anakalo Shitandi Symon Maina Mahungu John Muasya Kilumba Muia Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Nakuru Kenya Dairy Research Institute Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Naivasha Kenya School of Pure and Applied Sciences Kisii University Kisii Kenya

Using probiotics as animal feed additives instead of antibiotics is gaining momentum to avert adverse negative effects on human health. Liquid brewers yeast (LBY) is an industrial by-product containing probiotic microorganisms and is also used as a protein supplement for dairy animals. Nevertheless, value chain actors lack of appropriate handling practices compromises the by-products quality and safety. This study aimed to determine the effect of variation in temperature on microbial diversity and probiotic effects during the storage time of LBY sampled from distributors and farmers from Githunguri sub-county of Kenya. The samples were stored at 20c, 25c and 30c, then tested on 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days. The studys parameters involved determining the pH levels, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), total coliform count (Tcc), mould, and yeast in LBY. The rate (k) of the reaction kinetics model was used to extrapolate the expected probiotic shelf life. The LAB and yeast populations were reduced in a first-order reaction at all storage temperatures. The rate of reduction in the numbers of LAB reduced with an increase in temperature (k = 0.019 and 0.023) at 20c and 30c, respectively. Yeasts highest rate of growth reduction was 25c (k = 0.009) and least at 30c (k = 0.043). The minimum effective concentration for probiotics of 106 cFU/mL needed to observe the beneficial physiological impact on farm animals was achieved between 34.9 and 35.5 days at the tested storage temperatures. The study provides insight into the unexploited low-cost probiotic potential of LBY in dairy production. conversely, handling practices and environmental microbial contamination along the value chain can compromise product quality and safety. There is a need to advocate its use in dairy for improved productivity and sensitize farmers to appropriate hygienic measures along the LBY value chain.

关键词： Liquid Brewers’ Yeast Microbial Diversity Probiotics Shelf Life

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AN AccURATE TWO-DIMENSIONAL THEORY OF VIBRATIONS OF ISOTROPIc,ELASTIc PLATES

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2011年第2期24卷 125-134页

作者： peter c.Y.Lee Department of civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton University

An infinite system of two-dimensional equations of motion of isotropic elastic plates with edge and corner conditions are deduced from the three-dimensional equations of elasticity by expansion of displacements in a series of trigonometrical functions and a linear function of the thickness coordinate of the plate. The linear term in the expansion is to accommodate the in-plane displacements induced by the rotation of the plate normal in low-frequency flexural motions. A system of first-order equations of flexural motions and accompanying boundary conditions are extracted from the infinite system. It is shown that the present system of equations is equivalent to the Mindlin＇s first-order equations, and the dispersion relation of straight-crested waves of the present theory is identical to that of the Mindlin＇s without introducing any corrections. Reduction of present equations and boundary conditions to those of classical plate theories of flexural motions is also presented.

关键词： isotropic elastic plates first-order equations boundary conditions flexural andthickness-shear vibrations

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利用X射线光谱探测Mo2c@MoSe2异质结电极（英文）

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分析测试学报 2024年第10期 1618-1625页

作者：曹宇杨魏世强蒋伟 peter Joseph chimtali 闫紫薇周权陈双明宋礼中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室浙江光电子研究院

由于具有高导电性和层状结构，二维MXene材料被认为是用于储能应用的有前景的候选材料。然而，MXene材料相对较低的稳定性和比容量限制了其进一步利用。该文通过一步硒化方法形成Mo2c@MoSe2异质结构来解决上述问题。同步辐射X射线光谱... 详细信息

由于具有高导电性和层状结构，二维MXene材料被认为是用于储能应用的有前景的候选材料。然而，MXene材料相对较低的稳定性和比容量限制了其进一步利用。该文通过一步硒化方法形成Mo2c@MoSe2异质结构来解决上述问题。同步辐射X射线光谱和高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）表征揭示了由原位生长在Mo2c MXene上的MoSe2组成的异质结构。电化学测试证明了异质结电极在5 A·g-1的高电流密度下具有289.06m Ah·g-1的优异倍率性能，并在1 A·g-1下经过900次循环后具有550 m Ah·g-1的长循环稳定性。该研究采用X射线光谱分析直接阐明异质结构，为探测异质结构提供了一种有效的参考方法。

关键词： X射线光谱 MXene 异质结 X射线吸收精细结构谱(XAFS) 锂离子电池

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电子游戏作为风景艺术

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当代动画 2024年第3期 33-41页

作者： [澳]彼得·A·c·纳尔逊傅善超(译) 香港浸会大学视觉艺术学院中国北京大学中文系

从艺术史中的“风景”视角出发,可以将电子游戏视为一种独特的文本。“风景”作为一个聚焦点,既连接着电子游戏的内在物质性,又能够从中反映作为背景的文化与社会经济关系。通过对《半衰期2》《反恐精英:全球攻势》《盖瑞的模组》这三... 详细信息

从艺术史中的“风景”视角出发,可以将电子游戏视为一种独特的文本。“风景”作为一个聚焦点,既连接着电子游戏的内在物质性,又能够从中反映作为背景的文化与社会经济关系。通过对《半衰期2》《反恐精英:全球攻势》《盖瑞的模组》这三款关系密切的游戏的分析,电子游戏中的风景可以概括为三大类型:主角的风景、多人游戏的旅游风景、模组的“沼泽地带”。主角的风景以玩家为中心,强调“普罗米修斯式”英雄主义和自我满足;多人游戏的旅游风景注重对称性和竞争性,并体现着经济特征;模组的“沼泽地带”代表着电子游戏与互联网文化的融合,展现出碎片化、临时性和相对主义的特点。从风景艺术的角度来理解电子游戏,作为切实可行又充满启发的视角,揭示了电子游戏这种艺术如何反映并塑造我们的文化与社会意识。

关键词：电子游戏风景摄影机-枪体育旅游业模组

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The W3c Data catalog Vocabulary,Version 2:Rationale,Design Principles,and Uptake

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Data Intelligence 2024年第2期6卷 457-487页

作者： Riccardo Albertoni David Browning Simon cox Alejandra N.Gonzalez-Beltran Andrea Perego peter Winstanley Istituto di Matematica Applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche"Enrico Magenes" Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(IMATI-CNR)GenoaItaly Independent consultant United Kingdom LandandWater CSiROMelbourneAustralia Scientific computing Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryScience and Technology Facilities CouncilHarwell Cam-pusOx110QXUnited Kingdom European Parliament Luxembourg Semantic Arts Fort CollinsCO80524USA

DcAT is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the *** its first release in 2014 as a W3c Recommendation,DcAT has seen a wide adoption across communities and domains,particularly in conjunction with implementing the FAIR data principles(forfindable,accessible,interoperable and reusable data).These implementation experiences,besides demonstrating the fitness of DcAT to meet its intended purpose,helped identify existing issues and ***,over the last few years,additional requirements emerged in data catalogs,given the increasing practice of documenting not only datasets but also data services and *** paper illustrates the new version of DcAT,explaining the rationale behind its main revisions and extensions,based on the collected use cases and requirements,and outlines the issues yet to be addressed in future versions of DcAT.

关键词： Data catalogs Interoperability Discoverability FAIR data

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Human thrombin for the treatment of gastric and ectopic varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5912-5917页

作者： Norma c McAvoy John N Plevris peter c Hayes Department of Hepatology University of EdinburghRoyal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburgh EH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of human thrombin in the treatment of bleeding gastric and ectopic ***:Retrospective observational study in a Tertiary Referral *** January 1999-October 2005,we identified 37 patients who were endoscopically treated with human thrombin injection therapy for bleeding gastric and ectopic *** details including age,gender and aetiology of liver disease/segmental portal hypertension were *** thrombin was obtained from the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and prepared to give a solution of 250 IU/mL which was injected via a standard injection *** patient case notes were reviewed and the total dose of thrombin given along with the number of endoscopy sessions was *** haemostasis rates,rebleeding rates and mortality were catalogued along with the incidence of any immediate complications which could be attributable to the thrombin *** duration of follow up was also *** study was conducted according to the United Kingdom research ethics ***:Thirty-seven patients were included.33 patients(89%) had thrombin(250 U/mL) for gastric varices,2(5.4%) for duodenal varices,1 for rectal varices and 1 for gastric and rectal varices.(1) Gastric varices,an average of 15.2 mL of thrombin was used per ***-bleeding occurred in 4 patients(10.8%),managed in 2 by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPSS)(one unsuccessfully who died) and in other 2 by a distal splenorenal shunt;(2) Duodenal varices(or type 2 isolated gastric varices),an average of 12.5 mL was used per patient over 2-3 endoscopy ***-bleeding occurred in one patient,which was treated by TIPSS;and(3) Rectal varices,an average of 18.3 mL was used per patient over 3 endoscopy *** re-bleeding occurred in this ***:Human thrombin is a safe,easy to use and effective therapeutic option to control haemorrhage from gastric and ectopic varices.

关键词： Variceal haemorrhage Ectopic Varices Gastric varices, Portal hypertension Thrombin

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Thermal fronts and cross-frontal heat flux in the southern Huanghai Sea and the East china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第5期27卷 1-20页

作者： PARK Sunghyea cHU peter c Department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School

Synoptic features in/around thermal fronts and cross-frontal heat fluxes in the southern Huanghai./Yellow Sea and East china Sea （HES） were examined using the data collected from four airborne expendable bathythermograph surveys with horizontal approxmately 35 km and vertical 1 m（from the surface to 400 m deep） spacings. Since the fronts are strongly affected by HES current system, the synoptic thermal features in/around them represent the interaction of currents with surrounding water masses. These features can not be obtained from climatological data. The identified thermal features are listed as follows ：（ 1 ） multiple boundaries of cold water, asymmetric thermocline intrusion, locally-split front by homogeneous water of approxmately 18 ℃, and mergence of the front by the Taiwan Warm current in/around summertime southern cheju - changjiang/Yangtze front and Tsushima front; （2） springtime frontal eddy-like feature around Tsushima front; （3） year-round cyclonic meandering and summertime temperature-inversion at the bottom of the surface mixed layer in cheju - Tsushima front; and （4） multistructure of Kuroshio front. In the Kuroshio front the mean variance of vertical temperature gradient is an order of degree smaller than that in other HES fronts. The southern cheju- changjiang front and cheju -Tsushima front are connected with each other in the summer with comparable cross-frontal temperature gradient. However, cross-frontal heat flux and lateral eddy diffusivity are stronger in the southern cheju - changjiang front. The cross-frontal heat exchange is the largest in the mixing zone between the modified Huanghai Sea bottom cold water and the Tsushima Warm current, which is attributable to enhanced thermocline intrusions.

关键词： southern Huanghai Sea and East china Sea AXBT synoptic thermal front cross-frontal heat flux lateral eddy diffusivity

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to coronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.cheng carolyn A.cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo c.H.Tsang Sara chaothai Tsz chun Kwan John K.c.Li Karl c.K.chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson c.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam Sau Man chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia center for Immunology and Infection c2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of cOVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NcT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose coronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-cc versus ID-cc)and post-dose 3(IMccc versus ID-ccc).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+cD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)cD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)cD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)cD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)cD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)cD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-cc compared to IM-cc,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-ccc,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)cD4^(+),interferon-γ+cD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)cD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-cc,ID-cc,IM-ccc and ID-ccc,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARScoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： coronaVac coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Toward a nomenclature consensus for diverse intelligent systems:call for collaboration

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The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 32-34页

作者： Brett J.Kagan Michael Mahlis Anjali Bhat Josh Bongard Victor Mcole Phillip corlett christopher Gyngell Thomas Hartung Bianca Jupp Michael Levin Tamra Lysaght Nicholas Opie Adeel Razi Lena Smirnova Ian Tennant peter Thestrup Wade Ge Wang cortical Labs BrunswickVIC 3056Australia Wellcome centre for Human Neuroimaging University College LondonLondon WC1N 3ARUK University of Vermont BurlingtonVT 05405USA centre for Professional communication Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Department of Psychiatry Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Murdoch children’s Research Institute ParkvilleVIC 3052Australia centre for Alternatives to Animal Testing(cAAT) Bloomberg School of Public Health and Whiting School of EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityDoerenkamp-Zbinden Chair for Evidence-based ToxicologyBaltimoreMD 21205USA cAAT-Europe University of Kostanz78464 KostanzGermany Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityPrahranVIC 3004Australia Allen Discovery centre at Tufts University MedfordMA 02155USA Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney School of Public Health The University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2050Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3168Australia center for Alternatives to Animal Testing(cAAT) Bloomberg School of Public Health and Whiting School of EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Faculty of Engineering AgriTech and EnvironmentAnglia Ruskin UniversityPeterborough PE15BWUK Interacting Minds centre Aarhus University8000 Aarhus CDenmark Department of Biomedical Engineering School of EngineeringBiomedical Imaging CenterCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Disagreements about language use are common both between and within *** interests require multidisciplinary collaboration or the field of research has the potential to impact society at large,it becomes critical to minimize these disagreements where *** development of diverse intelligent systems,regardless of the substrate(e.g.,silicon ***),is a case where both conditions are *** advancements have occurred in the development of technology progressing toward these diverse intelligence *** progress is silicon based,such as the use of large language models,or through synthetic biology methods,such as the development of organoids,a clear need for a community-based approach to seeking consensus on nomenclature is now ***,we welcome collaboration from the wider scientific community,proposing a pathway forward to achieving this intention,highlighting key terms and fields of relevance,and suggesting potential consensus-making methods to be applied.

关键词： seeking collaboration diverse

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