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Predictive value of exosomes and their cargo in drug response/resistance of breast cancer patients

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第1期3卷 63-82页

作者： Heidi Schwarzenbach peter b.Gahan Department of Tumor biology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20246Germany Fondazione“Enrico Puccinelli”Onlus Perugia 06123Italy

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles engaged in intercellular communication in both healthy and tumor *** released by the primary tumor,they transfer their cargo including nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids to target cells,thus modulating the character and fate of the recipient *** propagating their oncogenic content,exosomes are able to promote tumor progression,angiogenesis,metastases,and drug *** functions as delivery vehicles of biological material make exosomes promising biomarkers for the early prediction of disease progression and drug resistance in breast cancer,as well as for therapeutic targeting of molecules to treat this deadly *** the present review,we accentuate the relevance of exosomes as vehicles of prognostic and predictive markers and target molecules,and describe their potential therapeutic applications as drug cargo *** made an extensive literature research to clarify the association of their cargo,including exosomal DNA and RNA molecules,with the propagation of drug resistance.

关键词： breast cancer exosomes exosomal DNA mRNA non-coding RNAs microRNAs lncRNAs

Genetic outcomes from the translocations of the critically endangered woylie

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 294-310页

作者： Carlo PACIONI Adrian F. WAYNE peter b. S. SPENCER School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch 6150 Western Australia Department of Environment and Conservation Science Division Manjimup 6258 Western Australia

Translocations are an important conservation strategy for many species. However simply observing demographic growth of a translocated population is not sufficient to infer species recovery. Adequate genetic representation of the source population（s） and their long-term viability should also be considered. The woylie bettongia penicillata ogilbyi has been subject to more formal translocations for conservation than any other marsupial that, up until recently, has resulted in one of the most suc- cessful species recoveries in Australia. We used mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers to assess the genetic outcomes of trans- located woylie populations. These populations have lost genetic variability, differentiated fxom their source population and the supplementation program on two island populations appears to have failed. We discuss the conservation implications that our re- suits have for managing threatened species, outline some general recommendations for the management of present and future translocations and discuss the appropriate sampling design for the establishment of new populations or captive breeding programs that may mitigate the genetic ＇erosion＇ seen in our study species. This research provides some practical outcomes and a pragmatic understanding of translocation biology. The findings are directly applicable to other translocation programs .

关键词： bettongia penicillata Macropod translocation Supplementation Microsatellites mtDNA

biomaterials for stem cell engineering and biomanufacturing

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bioactive Materials 2019年第1期4卷 366-379页

作者： Yibo Xu Chuanxin Chen peter b.Hellwarth Xiaoping bao Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Recent years have witnessed the expansion of tissue failures and *** uprising of regenerative medicine converges the sight onto stem cell-biomaterial based *** engineering and regenerative medicine proposes the strategy of constructing spatially,mechanically,chemically and biologically designed biomaterials for stem cells to grow and ***,this paper summarized the basic properties of embryonic stem cells(ESCs),induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)and adult stem *** properties of frequently used biomaterials were also described in terms of natural and synthetic ***,the combination of stem cells and biomaterials for tissue repair applications was reviewed in terms of nervous,cardiovascular,pancreatic,hematopoietic and musculoskeletal ***,stem-cell-related biomanufacturing was envisioned and the novel biofabrication technologies were discussed,enlightening a promising route for the future advancement of large-scale stem cell-biomaterial based therapeutic manufacturing.

关键词： Stem cells biomaterial Regenerative medicine biofabrication biomanufacturing

Application of Generalized Standard Addition Method and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy to Quantify Electrolytic Depolymerization of Lignin

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2020年第1期4卷 35-44页

作者： Zewei Chen Mahtab NaderiNasrabadi John A.Staser peter b.Harrington Department of Chemistry and biochemistry Clippinger LaboratoriesOhio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA Department of Chemical and biomolecular Engineering Center for Electrochemical Engineering ResearchOhio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA

Industrial lignin waste is an important byproduct of bio-refineries and the paper *** of industrial lignin could generate useful aromatic *** group has focused on electrolytic decomposition of biorefinery *** quantify electrolytic decomposition of the lignin in a highly caustic solution,ultraviolet(UV)spectroscopy provides a useful *** conversion of the neat lignin to the oxidized products achieved by the electrolytic reactor may be measured by quantifying the amount of unreacted neat lignin that remains in the *** the properties of electrolytic decomposition products are largely unknown,a useful approach to quantify decomposition of the neat lignin is to use a multivariate calibration method referred to as the generalized standard addition method(GSAM).In this approach,the electrolytic decomposition products represent a background interference and the neat lignin that remains can be *** approach allows the conversion of the neat lignin to be calculated in a solution that is a complex mixture.

关键词： GSAM Lignin depolymerization Electrolytic reactor UV spectroscopy best linear unbiased estimator(bLUE)

Cellular senescence:from anti-cancer weapon to anti-aging target

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第3期63卷 332-342页

作者： Lifeng Yuan peter bAlexander Xiao-Fan Wang Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC 27710USA

Cellular senescence(CS)is a state of stable cell cycle arrest characterized by the production and secretion of inflammatory *** studies described oncogene-induced senescence(OIS)as a barrier to tumorigenesis,such that the therapeutic induction of CS might represent a rational anti-cancer ***,the validity of this approach has been borne out by the development and approval of the cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)inhibitor palbociclib for the treatment of breast *** from tumors,senescent cells have also been shown to accumulate during natural mammalian aging,where they produce detrimental effects on the physiology of surrounding ***,pharmacological senescent cell depletion has been proposed as an approach to delay age-related functional decline;this has been formally demonstrated in animal *** this review article,we describe the current mechanistic understanding of cellular senescence at the molecular level and how it informs the development of new therapeutic strategies to combat cancer and aging.

关键词： cellular senescence cancer healthy aging pro-senescence cancer therapy senolytic therapies

Spectral Representation of Proton NMR Spectroscopy for the Pattern Recognition of Complex Materials

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2017年第2期1卷 1-11页

作者： peter de b.Harrington Xinyi Wang Clippinger Laboratories Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryCenter for Intelligent Chemical InstrumentationOhio UniversityAthensOH 45701-2979USA

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy provides a powerful tool for chemical profiling,also known as spectral fingerprinting,because of its inherent *** is now increasing in use for authentication of complex ***,the absorbance spectrum is used that is obtained as the phase-corrected real component of the Fourier transform(FT)of the free induction decay(FID).However,the practice discards half the information that is available in the dispersion spectrum obtained as the imaginary component from the *** qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis of small sets of absorbance peaks,the symmetric and sharp peaks of the real spectra work ***,for pattern recognition of entire spectra,trading peak resolution for peak reproducibility is *** absolute value of the complex spectrum gives the length or magnitude of magnetization vector in the complex plane;therefore,the magnitude relates directly to the signal(i.e.,induced magnetization).The magnitude spectrum is obtained as the absolute value from the real and imaginary spectral components after the FT of the *** breaking with tradition and using the magnitude spectrum the reproducibility of the spectra and consequent recognition rates can be *** study used a 500-MHz 1H NMR instrument to obtain spectra from 4 diverse datasets;12 tea extracts,8 liquor samples,9 hops extracts,and 25 Cannabis *** classifiers were statistically evaluated using 100 bootstrapped Latin *** classifiers were a fuzzy rule-building expert system(FuRES)tree,support vector machine trees(SVMTreeG and SVMTreeH),a regularized linear discriminant analysis(LDA),super partial least squares discriminant analysis(sPLS-DA),and a one against all support vector machine(SVM).All classifiers gave better or equivalent results for the magnitude spectral representation than for the real spectra,except for one case of the 24 *** addition,the enhanced reproducibilit

关键词： Cannabis Tea Hops Liquor HumulusNMR fingerprinting Magnitude spectrum Absolute value spectrum Pattern recognition Classification

A systematic literature review on the effectiveness of eurythmy therapy

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第4期13卷 217-230页

作者： Désirée Lotzke peter Heusser Arndt büssing Quality of Life Spirituality and Coping Institute of Integrative Medicine University of Witten/Herdecke Theory of Medicine Integrative and Anthroposophic Medicine Institute of Integrative MedicineUniversity of Witten/Herdecke

bACKGROUND：Eurythmy therapy is a movement therapy of anthroposophic medicine that can have effects on a person’s physical body,spirit,and ***：The aim of this publication was to update and summarize the relevant literature on the effectiveness of eurythmy in a therapeutic context since *** STRATEGY：Different databases like Pub Med,MEDPILOT,Research Gate,The Cochrane Library,DIMDI,Arthe and also the journal databases Der Merkurstab and the European Journal of Integrative Medicine were searched for prospective and retrospective clinical trials in German or English *** CRITERIA：There were no limitations for indication,considered outcome or age of *** EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS：Studies were evaluated with regard to their description of the assembly process and treatment,adequate reporting of follow-ups,and equality of comparison groups in controlled ***：Eleven studies met the inclusion *** included two single-arm,non-controlled pilot studies,two publications on the same non-randomized controlled trial and one case study;six further studies referred to a prospective cohort study,the Anthroposophic Medicine Outcome *** of these studies described positives treatment effects with varying effect *** studies were heterogynous according to the indications,age groups,study design and measured *** methodological quality of the studies varied *** were no clear improvements since 2008,when the recommendations were published in the fi rst ***：Eurythmy seems to be a benefi cial add-on in a therapeutic context that can improve the health conditions of affected *** methodologically sound studies are needed to substantiate this positive impression.

关键词： eurythmy therapy mind-body and relaxation techniques anthroposophy review

The Evolution of Ultrafine Grained Structure Formation Through Isothermal Static Phase Transformation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 218-222页

作者： HOSSEIN beladi ILANA b Timokhina SUbRATA Mukherjee peter D Hodgson Centre for Material and Fibre Innovation Deakin UniversityGeelongAustraliaVic 3216

In the current study,a 0.3C-2Si-2Mn-0.28Mo (in wt%) steel with high hardenability was deformed at a relatively low temperature followed by isothermal static phase *** novel thermomechanical processing made it possible to successfully produce an ultrafine ferrite grained structure (～2 μm) in the absence of both dynamic phase transformation and controlled *** use of a model Ni-30Fe austenitic alloy showed that the low temperature deformation induced very fine intragranular defects throughout the microstructure,which would then act as fine spaced ferrite nucleation sites at an early stage of phase *** a result,the coarsening of ferrite was extremely limited during isothermal phase transformation,resulting a very fine ferrite grained structure;even nanoscale in the region of the prior austenite grain boundary.

关键词： ultrafine ferrite warm deformation isothermal phase transformation substructure

Clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness in a population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第1期8卷 18-27页

作者： Kristina S petersen Jennifer b Keogh peter J Meikle Manohar L Garg peter M Clifton School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences University of South Australia baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute Nutraceuticals Research Group University of NewcastleCallaghan

AIM To determine the clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness(CCA IMT) in a cohort of subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants with type 1(n = 23) and type 2 diabetes(n = 127) had mean and mean maximum CCA IMT measured using b mode ultrasound. Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Clinical and dietary predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were determined using linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The main predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were age and weight. After multivariate adjustment there were no dietary predictors of CCA IMT. However,in subjects that were not prescribed a lipid lowering medication alcohol consumption was positively associated with CCA IMT after multivariate adjustment. No difference existed in CCA IMT between subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes once age was adjusted for. CONCLUSION CCA IMT was predominantly predicted by age and weight in these subjects with diabetes. The finding that CCA IMT was not different between people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes warrants further investigation in a larger cohort.

关键词： Diabetes Carotid intima media thickness Arterial structure Diet Lipidomics Carotenoids