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Financing climate-resilient infrastructure: Determining risk, reward, and return on investment

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2019年第1期6卷 117-127页

作者： peter b. MEYER Reimund SCHWARZE Urban Policy and Economics 228 Riverwoods Dr. New Hope PA 1893& USA Department of Economics Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ Leipzig D-14532 Germany

Urban infrastructure investment is needed for both, mitigation of climate risks and improved urban resiliency. Financing them requires the translation of those benefits into measurable returns on investment in the context of emerging risks that capital markets can understand and appreciate. This paper develops a generic framework to identify what are the necessary and sufficient factors to economically favor climate-change resilient infrastructure in private investment decisions. We specifically demonstrate that carbon pricing alone will not generate the needed will, because market prices at present systematically fail to account for climate change risks such as the costs of stranded assets and the national and local cobenefits of investments in climate resiliency. Carbon pricing is necessary, but not sufficient for an enhanced private financing of climate-resilient infrastructure. The Paris Agreement and other supra-local policies and actors including city networks can concretely help to generate the sufficient social and political will for investments into climate change mitigation and resiliency at the city level.

关键词： infrastructure urban finance climate low carbon economy

Long-term antifibrotic action of interferon-γ treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 151-157页

作者： peter R Mertens Steven Dooley Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Otto-von-Guericke-University First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Molecular Hepatology-Alcohol Dependent Diseases II. Medical Clinic Faculty of Medicine at MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg

bACKGROUND:The first priority in treating fibrosis is to eliminate the causes that result in liver injury,e.g.,hepatitis b and C ***,in many liver diseases the cause is either unknown or *** present study was designed to investigate the long-term antifibrotic effect of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)treatment in patients chronically infected with hepatitis b virus. METHODS:A total of 42 patients,30 treated with IFN-γand 12 controls,were enrolled from an original clinical trial(Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:819.).Three serial liver biopsies that were obtained at the initiation and end of IFN-γtreatment as well as 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation were assessed according to the modified Chevallier scoring system. RESULTS:Twenty-five out of 30 IFN-γ-treated patients were followed up until 4 to 6 years after the treatment was stopped. However,all controls were excluded from follow-up due to death,loss and elevated virus level within 2 ***-five IFN-γ-treated patients had stable serum liver function and liver fibrosis indices without any further antiviral or anti-fibrotic *** inflammatory and fibrotic scores were found after nine months of IFN-γtreatment according to the modified Chevallier scoring system(inflammation:11.8±6.5 at the beginning of IFN-γtreatment vs.9.2±4.1 after 9 months, Pbrosis:15.0±7.3 at baseline vs.12.6±6.8 after 9 months, Pbiopsy 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation,and the fibrotic score was increased(14.2±8.3 vs.11.9±7.6 after 9 months, Pbrosis score in patients with chronic HbV *** majority of patients demonstrate stable serum biochemical indices and quality of ***,they do not show a long-term benefit according to histological criteria. Given the limited sample size,long-term IFN-γtreatment regimens should be assessed in further

关键词： hepatic stellate cells hepatitis b virus liver fibrosis inflammation interferon-gamma

Synthesis,Optical Properties and Applications of Functional Dendritic Oligothiophenes

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Synthesis,Optical Properties and Applications of Functional ...

Three-Dimensional Dendritic Oligothiophenes:Versatile Functional Macromolecules for Organic Solar Cells

中国化学会第27届学术年会

作者： peter buerle Institute of Organic Chemistry Ⅱ and Advanced Materials Ulm University

＜正＞Oligo- and polythiophenes are among the best developed functional conjugated materials for

关键词： oliogthiophene dendrimer organic electronics

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Three-Dimensional Dendritic Oligothiophenes:Versatile Functi...

The PI3K/AKT Pathway and Renal Cell Carcinoma

中国化学会第27届学术年会

作者： peter buerle Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials Ulm University

＜正＞The issues of climate control and the world’s future energy demands are powerful drivers for the development of alternative sustainable energy sources.

关键词： dendritic oliogthiophene bulk heterojunction solar cell

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第7期42卷 343-353页

作者： Huifang Guo peter German Shanshan bai Sean barnes Wei Guo Xiangjie Qi Hongxiang Lou Jiyong Liang Eric Jonasch Gordon b.Mills Zhiyong Ding Department of Systems biology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology People's Hospital of Linzi District Department of Natural Products Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University

The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase （PI3K）/AKT pathway is genetically targeted in more pathway components and in more tumor types than any other growth factor signaling pathway, and thus is frequently activated as a cancer driver. More importantly, the PI3K/AKT pathway is composed of multiple bifurcating and converging kinase cascades, providing many potential targets for cancer therapy. Renal cell carcinoma （RCC） is a high-risk and high-mortality cancer that is notoriously resistant to traditional chemotherapies or radiotherapies. The PI3K/AKT pathway is modestly mutated but highly activated in RCC, representing a promising drug target. Indeed, PI3K pathway inhibitors of the rapalog family are approved for use in RCC. Recent large-scale integrated analyses of a large number of patients have provided a molecular basis for RCC, reiterating the critical role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in this cancer. In this review, we summarize the genetic alterations of the PI3K/AKT pathway in RCC as indicated in the latest large-scale genome sequencing data, as well as treatments for RCC that target the aberrant activated PI3K/AKT pathway.

关键词： PI3K AKT mTOR Renal cell carcinoma Targeted therapy

The Ogaden Dyke Swarm: Red Sea Rifting Continued in the Somalia Plate?

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第S1期90卷 56-58页

作者： Daniel MèGE peter G.PURCELL Antoine béZOS Fred JOURDAN Space Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences Planetology and Geodynamics Laboratory UMR CNRS 6112 University of Nantes P & R Geological Consultants Western Australia Argon Isotope Facility Curtin University

Opening of the Red Sea started while the core of the lavas of the Ethiopian Large Igneous Province（LIP）was being erupted at;0 Ma（Hughes et al.,1991）and has continued to the *** the southern Red Sea,oceanic

关键词： Red Sea Rifting Continued in the Somalia Plate The Ogaden Dyke Swarm

bILANZ EINES *** ZUM ATHENISCHEN STAAT DES ***.

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2020年第1期35卷 71-94,134页

作者： peter Herz Universitat Regensburg

The article aims at correcting some misinterpretations of modern research with regard to Greek public finances,exemplified in a case-study of ancient *** finance-system of Greek p o leis was totally different from modem *** modem states*revenues are based on the income-taxation of their respective citizens or on taxes of goods and service,ancient states managed their expenditures through liturgies given“voluntarily”by their citizens or incomes from lease of(farm)*** taxation of citizens(eisphora)was usually a sign of an emergency situation,for instance,during war-times and thus reflects the then heavy burden of,and pressure on,the ***,extraction of tribute(phoros)was a common means of benefitting from rule over other polities,as did Athens in the First League.

关键词： finance modem instance

Synthesis and Single-crystal X-ray Studies of (E)-ethyl 2-fluoro-2-(3-oxoisobenzofuran-1(3H)-ylidene) Acetate

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2013年第8期32卷 1139-1142页

作者： Muhammad Adeel peter Langer Alexander Villinger Department of Chemistry Gomal University Dera Ismail KhanKPK Pakistan Institute of Chemistry University of Rostock

The title compound （E）-ethyl 2-fluoro-2-（3-oxoisobenzofuran-1（3H）-ylidene） aceta- te was synthesized as an unexpected product by the reaction ofphthalyl dichloride with bis-silylenol ether, which is not in accordance with our previous studies. The title compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, GCMS, HRMS and IR. The crystal （C12HgFO4, Mr = 236.19） belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/c, a = 19.1609（8）, b = 7.9831（3）, c = 13.7715（6） A, V= 2106.13（15） A3, Z= 8, Dx = 1.490 Mg m-3, MoKa radiation, 2 = 0.71073 A,μ = 0.12 mm-1, F（000） = 976, the final R = 0.025 and wR = 0.1300 for 4505 observed reflections with I〉 2σ（I）.

关键词： organo fluorine compounds crystal structure 1,3-bis-silylenol ether,phthalyl dichloride condensation reaction

Identification of CD13,CD107a,and CD164 as novel basophil-activation markers and dissection of two response patterns in time kinetics of IgE-de-pendent upregulation

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Cell Research 2005年第5期15卷 325-335页

作者： Florian HENNERSDORF,Stefan FLORIAN,Andreas JAKOb,Katharina bAUMGRTNER,Karoline SONNECK,Alfred NORDHEIM,Tilo bIEDERMANN,peter VALENT,Hans-Jrg büHRING University Clinic of Tübingen Department of Internal Medicine II Division of Hematology and Immunology Tübingen Germany Medical University Clinic of Vienna Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology Vienna Austria University of Tübingen Proteome Center Tübingen Germany University Clinic of Tübingen Department of Internal Medicine II Division of Hematology and Immunology Tübingen Germany Medical University Clinic of Vienna Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology Vienna Austria University of Tübingen Proteome Center Tübingen Germany University Clinic of Tübingen Department of Dermatology Tübingen Germany Medical University Clinic of Vienna Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology Vienna Austria University Clinic of Tübingen Department of Internal Medicine II Division of Hematology and Immunology Tübingen Germany

Using two-colour flow cytometry >200 antibodies submitted to the 8th International Workshop of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA8) have been analyzed for their reactivity with resting and activated CD203c+ basophils. Four antibodies either non-reactive or weakly reactive with resting basophils exhibited an increased reactivity with basophils activated by anti-IgE-mediated cross-linking of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). These include antibod- ies against CD164 (WS-80160, clone N6b6 and WS-80162, clone 67D2), as well as two reagents with previously unknown specificities that were identified as CD13 (WS-80274, clone A8) and CD107a (WS-80280, clone E63-880). The activation patterns followed either the “CD203c-like” or “CD63-like” activation profile. The CD203c profile is characterized by a rapid and significant upregulation (of CD13, CD164, and CD203c), reaching maximum levels after 5- 15 min of stimulation. The phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-specific inhibitor wortmannin inhibited the upregulation of these markers whereas 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced a rapid and FcεRI-independent upregulation within 1-2 min. In the CD63 profile, maximum upregulation (of CD63 and CD107a) was detected only after 20-40 min, and upregulation by TPA reached maximum levels after 60 min. In summary, our data identify CD13, CD107a, and CD164 as novel basophil-activation antigens. based on time kinetics of upregulation, we hypothesize that molecules of the “CD203c group” and the “CD63 group” are linked to two different mechanisms of basophil activation.

关键词： CD203c CD164 CD63 CD107a basophil activation basophil marker.