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The effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 outcomes:A heterogeneous age-related generalisation of the sEIR model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 742-768页

作者： Jorge M.Mendes pedro s.coelho NOVA Information Management school(NOVAIMs) Universidade Nova de LisboaCampus de Campolide1070-312LisbonPortugal NOVA Cairo at the Knowledge Hub Universities New Admnistrative CapitalCairoEgypt

successive generalisations of the basic sEIR model have been proposed to accommodate the different needs of the organisations handling the sARs-CoV-2 epidemic and the assessment of the public health measures adopted and named under the common um-brella of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions(NPIs).so far,these generalisations have not been able to assess the ability of these measures to avoid infection by the sARs-CoV-2 and thus their contribution to contain the spread of the *** work proposes a new generalisation of sEIR model and includes a heterogeneous and age-related generation of infections that depends both on a probability that a contact generates the transmission of the disease and a contact *** results show(1)thanks to the universal wearing of facial coverings,the probability that a contact provokes the transmission of the disease was reduced by at least 50%and(2)the impact of the other NPI is so significant that otherwise Portugal would have gone into a non-sustainable situation of having 80%of its population infected in the first 300 days of the *** situation would have led to a number of deaths almost twenty times higher than the number that was actually recorded by December 26th,***,the results suggest that even if the requirement of universal wearing of facial coverings was adopted sooner jointly with closing workplaces and resorting to teleworking would have postponed the peak of the incidence,altought the epidemic path would have result in a number of infections hardly managed by the National Health ***,results confirm that(3)the health authorities adopted a conservative approach on the criteria to consider an infected individual not infective any longer;and(4)the most effective NPIs and stringency levels either impacting on self-protection against infection or reducing the contacts that would eventually result in infection are,in decreasing order of importance,the use of Facial coverings,Workplace clos

关键词： eventually otherwise string

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指标在流域管理规划和战略环境评价过程中的应用(下)

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环境影响评价 2019年第5期41卷 I0005-I0013页

作者： Rosa santos.coelho pedro s.coelho Tomas B.Ramos Paula Antunes 吴成志(译) 张怡悦(译) 卿野(译) Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia Departamento de Ciencias e Engenharia do AmbienteCenter for Environmental and Sustainability Research (CENSE)Universidade NOVA de LisboaCampus da CaparicaCaparicaPortugal Instituto Politecnico de santarem Escola Superior AgrariaSantaremPortugal Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia Departamento de Ciencias e Engenharia do AmbienteMarine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE)Universidade NOVA de LisboaCampus da CaparicaCaparicaPortugal 三捷环境工程咨询(杭州)有限公司

流域管理规划(RBMP)和战略环境影响评价(sEA)过程通常需要使用指标来评估规划方案的可持续性、与利益相关者进行沟通并对决策提供支持。这项研究的目的是为了支持主要过程和调查指标的使用效果,并分析整合后的情况。葡萄牙RBMP的内容分... 详细信息

流域管理规划(RBMP)和战略环境影响评价(sEA)过程通常需要使用指标来评估规划方案的可持续性、与利益相关者进行沟通并对决策提供支持。这项研究的目的是为了支持主要过程和调查指标的使用效果,并分析整合后的情况。葡萄牙RBMP的内容分析及相应的sEA报告采用了概念框架来支持其内容的定性分析。主要的发现是指标通常被用于sEA和规划报告中。被分析的文件中使用了大量的指标,其中大多数指标是定量的,并在组织、选择和验证时使用了差别很大的方法。通常这些过程都不需要公众参与。此研究给出了需要改进的方面,例如还需研究是否有需要增加利益相关者在指标发展过程中的参与度、标准化和交叉性指标使用时的相关性以及两个过程中都使用的关键性指标的确定。

关键词：河流流域管理规划环境影响评价指标概念框架内容分析

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Analysis of a passive ankle exoskeleton for reduction of metabolic costs during walking

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 62-68页

作者： Luís Quinto pedro Pinheiro sergio B.Goncalves Ivo Roupa Paula simoes Miguel Tavares da silva CINAMIL Academia MilitarInstituto Universitario MilitarLisbonPortugal IDMEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

Modern conflicts demand substantial physical and psychological exertion,often resulting in fatigue and diminished combat or operational *** exoskeletons have been developed recently to address these challenges,presenting various limitations that affect their operational or everyday *** article evaluates the performance of a dual-purpose passive ankle exoskeleton developed for the reduction of metabolic costs during walking,seeking to identify a force element that could be applied to the target *** on the 6-min walk test,twenty-nine subjects participated in the study using three different force *** results indicate that it is possible to reduce metabolic expenditure while using the developed ***,the comfort and range of motion results verify the exoskeleton's suitability for use in uneven terrain and during extended ***,the choice of the force element should be tailored to each user,and the control system should be adjustable to optimise the exoskeleton's performance.

关键词： Ankle passive exoskeleton Metabolic cost reduction Dual-use exoskeleton Gait Biomechanics

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Ca-based materials derived from calcined cigarette butts for CO_(2)capture and thermochemical energy storage

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第6期140卷 230-241页

作者： Nabil Amghar Virginia Moreno pedro E.sánchez-Jiménez Antonio Perejón Luis A.Pérez-Maqueda Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de sevilla C.S.I.C.-Universidad de SevillaC.Américo Vespucio4941092 SevillaSpain Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales(ITM) Universitat Politècnica de València(UPV)Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1AlcoyAlicante 03801Spain Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Sevilla41012 SevillaSpain

Cigarette butts(CBs)are one of the most common types of litter in the *** to the toxic substances they contain,the waste generated poses a harmful risk to the environment,and therefore there is an urgent need for alternative solutions to landfill ***,this work presents a possible revalorization of this waste material,which implies interesting environmental *** were used as sacrificial templates for the preparation of CaO-based materials by impregnation with calcium and magnesium nitrates followed by flaming *** materials presented enhanced porosity for their use in the Calcium Looping process applied either to thermochemical energy storage or CO_(2)capture *** influence of the concentration of Ca and Mg in the impregnating solutions on the multicycle reactivity of the samples was *** improved multicycle performance was obtained in terms of conversion for both applications.

关键词： Cigarette butts Calcium-Looping CO_(2)Capture Thermochemical energy storage

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Inversion of walkaway VsP data in the presence of lateral velocity heterogeneity

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 304-313页

作者： Vladimir Grechka Ilya Tsvankin pedro Contreras CWP Department of GeophysicsColorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA PDVsA-INTEVEP Apartado 76343Caracas1070AVenezuela Borehole seismic LLC USA Department of Physics ULAVenezuela

Multi-azimuth walkaway vertical seismic profiling is an established technique for the estimation of in situ slowness surfaces and inferring anisotropy ***,this technique requires the assumption of lateral homogeneity,which makes the horizontal slowness components at depths of downhole receivers equal to those measured at the *** violations of this assumption,such as lateral heterogeneity or nonzero dip of intermediate interfaces,lead to distortions in reconstructed slowness surfaces and,consequently,to errors in estimated anisotropic *** this work,we relax the assumption of lateral homogeneity and discuss how to correct vertical seismic profile data for weak lateral *** describe a procedure of downward continuation of recorded traveltimes that accounts for the presence of both vertical inhomogeneity and weak lateral heterogeneity,which produces correct slowness surfaces at depths of downhole receivers,noticing that sufficiently dense receiver coverage along a borehole is required to separate influences of vertical and lateral heterogeneity on measured traveltimes and obtain accurate estimates of the slowness *** the slowness surfaces are found and a desired type of anisotropic model to be inverted is selected,the corresponding anisotropic parameters,providing the best fit to the estimated slownesses,can be *** invert the slowness surfaces of P-waves for parameters of the simplest anisotropic model describing dipping fractures(transversely isotropic medium with a tilted symmetry axis).Five parameters of this model,namely,the P-wave velocity V0 in the direction of the symmetry axis,Thomsen's anisotropic coefficients e and d,the tilt n,and the azimuth b of the symmetry axis,can be estimated in a stable manner when maximum source offset is greater than half of receiver depth.

关键词： Walkaway vertical seismic profile Lateral velocity heterogeneity Anisotropic parameter estimation Vertical inhomogeneity

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Physico-chemical characterization of acid base disorders in patients with COVID-19:A cohort study

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第2期13卷 16-23页

作者： sergio Pinto de souza Juliana R Caldas Marcelo Barreto Lopes Marcelo Augusto Duarte silveira Fernanda Oliveira coelho Igor Oliveira Queiroz pedro Domingues Cury Rogério da Hora Passos Department of Nephrology Hospital São RafaelSalvadorBA 41253190Brazil Department of Nephrology D’Or Institute for Research and Education(IDOR)SalvadorBA 41253190Brazil Faculty of Medicine Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública-EBMSPSalvadorBA 40290000Brazil Department of Intensive Care D’Or Institute for Research and Education(IDOR)SalvadorBA 41253190Brazil Hospital são Rafael D’Or Institute for Research and Education(IDOR)SalvadorBA 41253190Brazil Department of Intensive Care Unit Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSao PauloSP 05652900Brazil

BACKGROUND Acid-base imbalance has been poorly described in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).study by the quantitative acid-base approach may be able to account for minor changes in ion distribution that may have been over-looked using traditional acid-base analysis *** a cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients,we looked for an association between metabolic acidosis surrogates and worse clinical outcomes,such as mortality,renal dialysis,and length of hospital *** To describe the acid-base disorders of critically ill COVID-19 patients using stewart’s approach,associating its variables with poor *** This study pertained to a retrospective cohort comprised of adult patients who experienced an intensive care unit stay exceeding 4 days and who were diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection through a positive polymerase chain reaction analysis of a nasal swab and typical pulmonary involvement observed in chest computed tomography *** and clinical data were obtained from electronic *** variables were compared using Fisher’s exact *** data were presented as median and interquartile *** Mann-Whitney U test was used for *** In total,211 patients were *** mortality rate was 13.7%.Overall,149 patients(70.6%)presented with alkalosis,28 patients(13.3%)had acidosis,and the remaining 34 patients(16.2%)had a normal arterial pondus *** those presenting with acidosis,most had a low apparent strong ion difference(sID)(20 patients,9.5%).Within the group with alkalosis,128 patients(61.0%)had respiratory *** non-survivors were older,had more comorbidities,and had higher Charlson’s and simplified acute physiology score *** did not find severe acid-base imbalance in this *** analyzed stewart’s variables(effective sID,apparent sID,and strong ion gap and the effect of albumin,lactate,phosphorus,and chloride)were not d

关键词： COVID-19 Physicochemical approach Acid-base status Critically ill patients Acute respiratory syndrome

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Assessment of energy consumption,environmental effects and fuel costs of the bus rapid transit system in Bogotá(Colombia)

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 34-47页

作者： Jhon Jairo Pérez Luis Hernando Correa Poul AlbergØstergaard pedro Cabrera Universidad de La salle-Engineering Faculty Electrical DepartmentCampus La CandelariaBogota D.C.Colombia Aalborg University Department of PlanningRendsburggade 149000 AalborgDenmark University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Department of Mechanical EngineeringCampus Universitario de TafiraLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain

Colombia aims to boost the utilization of mass transportation systems in its major cities while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20%,in alignment with the commitments of the COP21 *** 2020,the transport sector in Colombia accounted for 34.4%of the country’s energy demand and was responsible for~49%of its total CO_(2) *** article presents an assessment of energy consumption,environmental effects and the fuel costs of Bogotá’s bus rapid transit system based on the Activity,share,Intensity,Fuel methodology.A long-term analysis spanning from 2021 to 2040 was developed using the long-range energy alternatives planning *** conduct this assessment,the tool was calibrated using data from 2019 and *** distinct scenarios based on energy policies implemented in Bogotáwere examined:Business as Usual,Fast Transition,High Growth and Low *** energy consumption and environmental effects,the results underscore the pivotal role of diversifying energy sources and reducing reliance on fossil fuels such as ***,the analysis emphasizes the urgent need to accelerate the transition to alternative energy sources such as natural gas and electricity.

关键词： AsIF energy consumption environmental effects LEAP long-term energy model public transport

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Exploring the size of Andean condor foraging groups along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Tropical Andes: Ecological and conservation implications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： Diego Mendez Felix Hernan Vargas JoséHernan sarasola pedro P.Oleaa Departamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The Peregrine Fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro para el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves Rapaces en Argentina(CECARA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de La Pampa(INCITAP-CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

Patterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging groups,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle explored despite strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group *** documented the group size-frequency pattern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryphus gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses experimentally placed in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m *** on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging groups,we examined the relationship between their size and species'population parameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and *** utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming groups that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shaped a"lazy-J curve"typical pattern of size-frequency distribution whereby few groups(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(s).Group size related to altitude in that most larger groups formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger groups are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower *** of population size,group size could be an adaptive response of condors via local enhancement for improving individual scavenging *** information gaps on this topic still exist,thus we provide a set of questions to address them,especially amidst the unrestricted impacts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group size scavenger social foraging vultures.

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Correcting distortions of thin-walled machined parts by machine hammer peening

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 439-453页

作者： Aitor MADARIAGA Mikel CUEsTA Gorka ORTIZ-DE-ZARATE Eneko sAENZ-DE-ARGANDONA Denis sORIANO Michael B.PRIME pedro Jose ARRAZOLA Department of Materials University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Mechanical and Industrial Production Department Faculty of EngineeringMondragon UnibertsitateaArrasate 20500Spain Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew MexicoUSA

Thin-walled aerostructural components frequently get distorted after the machining *** to correct distortions or eventually rejecting parts significantly increases the *** paper proposes a new approach to correct distortions in thin-walled components by strategically applying hammer peening on target surfaces of a machined *** alloy 7475-T7351 was chosen for this *** study was divided in two ***,the residual stresses(Rs)induced by four different pneumatic hammer peening conditions(modifying the stepover distance and initial offset)were characterised in a test coupon,and one of the conditions was selected for the next *** the second stage,a FEM model was used to predict distortions caused by machining in a representative ***,the Rs induced by hammer peening were included in an FEM model to define two hammer peening strategies(varying the coverage area)to analyse the capability to reduce *** workpieces were machined and then treated with the simulated hammer peening strategies for experimental *** in the test coupon showed that pneumatic hammer peening can generate high compressive Rs(-50 to350 MPa)up to 800 lm depth,with their magnitude increasing with a reduced stepover *** of hammer peening over 4% of the surface of the representative workpiece reduced the machininginduced distortions by 37%,and a coverage area of 100% led to and overcorrection by a factor of *** confirms that hammer peening can be strategically applied(in target areas and changing the percentage of coverage)to correct low or severe distortions.

关键词： Aeronautics Machining,Hammer Peening Aluminium alloy Distortions Residual stress

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Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： pedro L.Valenzuela Alfredo santalla Lidia B.Alejo Andrea Merlo Asuncion Bustos Laura Castellote-Belles Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti David Barranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejandro Lucia Physical Activity and Health Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of systems Biology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of sport and Computer science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of sport sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Laboratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland Biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIBERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load bout followed by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a randomized,double-blinded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variables were ***,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotubes cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during submaximal exercise,all pse capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold and55%peak power output,both pss of the CHO dose(pses compared with the placebo),CHO intake increased blood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdle ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen *** of these benefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Glycogen storage disease Glycogenosis Nutrition supplement

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