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Less common etiologies of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第39期23卷 7059-7076页

作者： Vikesh K Singh mark E Haupt David E Geller Jerry A Hall pedro m Quintana Diez Division of Gastroenterology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States medical Affairs AbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIL 60064United States Cystic Fibrosis Clinical Development AbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIL 60064United States CREON^(█) Clinical Development AbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIL 60064United States CREON^(█) Development AbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIL 60064United States

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI), an important cause of maldigestion and malabsorption, results from primary pancreatic diseases or secondarily impaired exocrine pancreatic function. Besides cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis, the most common etiologies of EPI, other causes of EPI include unresectable pancreatic cancer, metabolic diseases(diabetes); impaired hormonal stimulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion by cholecystokinin(CCK); celiac or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) due to loss of intestinal brush border proteins; and gastrointestinal surgery(asynchrony between motor and secretory functions, impaired enteropancreatic feedback, and inadequate mixing of pancreatic secretions with food). This paper reviews such conditions that have less straightforward associations with EPI and examines the role of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy(PERT). Relevant literature was identified by database searches. most patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer develop EPI(66%-92%). EPI occurs in patients with type 1(26%-57%) or type 2 diabetes(20%-36%) and is typically mild to moderate; by definition, all patients with type 3 c(pancreatogenic) diabetes have EPI. EPI occurs in untreated celiac disease(4%-80%), but typically resolves on a gluten-free diet. EPI manifests in patients with IBD(14%-74%) and up to 100% of gastrointestinal surgery patients(47%-100%; dependent on surgical site). With the paucity of published studies on PERT use for these conditions, recommendations for or against PERT use remain ambiguous. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need to conduct robust clinical studies to understand the validity and nature of associations between EPI and medical conditions beyond those with proven mechanisms, and examine the potential role for PERT.

关键词： Celiac disease Inflammatory bowel disease Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency malabsorption Epidemiology Pancreas Pancreatic cancer Secretion/absorption Surgery

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multi-instrument study of longitudinal wave structures for plasma bubble seeding in the equatorial ionosphere

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第5期5卷 368-377页

作者： H.Takahashi P.Essien C.A.O.B.Figueiredo C.m.Wrasse D.barros m.A.Abdu Y.Otsuka K.Shiokawa GuoZhu Li Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São Josédos CamposBrazil Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Large Scale Wave Structures(LSWS)in the equatorial ionospheric F-region were observed by measuring spatial and temporal variations within detrended total electron content(dTEC)data obtained by ground-based GNSS receivers over the South American *** using dTEC-maps,we have been able to produce,for the first-time,two-dimensional representations of *** the period from September to December,the LSWS frequently occurred starting a few hours prior to Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)*** 17 events of LSWS observed in 2014 and 2015,wave characteristics were obtained:the observed wavelengths,periods,and the phase speeds are respectively,~900 km,~41 min and~399 m/s;the waves propagated from the northeast to *** some cases the front of the oscillation was meridionally aligned,extending to more than 1600 km,the first time such large extension of the wavefront has been *** F-layer bottom height oscillation data,measured by ionosonde,LSWS exhibit two different vertical phase propagation modes,in-phase and downward *** former mode indicates the presence of a polarization electric field in the F-layer bottom side;the latter suggests propagation of atmospheric gravity *** presence of LSWS near the solar terminator,followed by the development of EPBs,suggests that the upwelling of the F-layer bottom height produces a condition favorable to the development of Rayleigh–Taylor instability.

关键词： ionosphere Equatorial Plasma Bubble LSWS TEC

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Integration of high-rate filtration using waste-derived biochar as a potential sustainable technology for drinking water supply

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1075-1097页

作者： Fernando García-Ávila Andrés Galarza-Guamán mónica barros-Bermeo Emigdio Antonio Alfaro-Paredes Alex Avilés-Añazco Sergio lglesias-Abad Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de CuencaCuencaEcuador Departamento de Química Aplicada y Sistemas de Producción Grupo de Evaluación de Riesgos Ambientales en Sistemas de Producción y Servicios(RISKEN)CuencaEcuador Professional School of Systems Engineering Research Institute of Science and TechnologyUniversidad César VallejoLimaPeru Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental Universidad Católica de CuencaCuencaEcuador

This research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of eucalyptus(E)and bamboo(B)residual biomass biochars as filter materials for drinking water *** efficiencies of these two biochars in the rapid filtration process were evaluated using water(raw,flocculated and settled)at the rate of 120 m^(3)/m^(2)/*** that bamboo biochar manufactured under a slow pyrolysis process"b"(Bb)had the best ***,Bb was evaluated with three different granulometries,and it was found that the effective size with the best performance was the finest(0.6-1.18 mm).Subsequently,this biochar was compared with conventional filter materials such as gravel,sand and anthracite,using different types of water(raw,flocculated and settled)and at different filtration rates(120 and 240 m^(3)/m^(2)/d),and it was found that the filter material with the best performance was precisely biochar,with average removal efficiencies of 64.37%turbidity and 45.08%colour for raw water;93.9%turbidity and 90.75%colour for flocculated water,and 80.79%turbidity and 69.03%colour for settled *** efficiency using simple beds of sand,biochar,anthracite and gravel at the rate of 180 m^(3)/m^(2)/d was 75.9%copper,90.72%aluminium,95.7%iron,10.9%nitrates,94.3%total coliforms and 88.9%fecal *** efficiencies achieved by biochar were higher compared to those of conventional filter *** was also found that biochar contributes to improving the performance of sand and anthracite in mixed ***,it was possible to demonstrate that the volume of washing water required for the biochar is lower compared to the other filter ***,it is recommended to carry out more tests for the purification of water with biochars from rural areas affected by the mining and oil exploitation,as well as the purification of seawater with biochars from coastal areas with residues from dry forests and organic residues from municipalities.

关键词： Biochar Filter medium Rapid filtration Pyrolysis Eucalyptus Bamboo

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Horizontally Solidified Al-3 wt%Cu-(0.5 wt%mg)Alloys:Tailoring Thermal Parameters,microstructure,microhardness,and Corrosion Behavior

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第6期32卷 695-709页

作者： Andre barros Clarissa Cruz Adrina P.Silva Noe Cheung Amauri Garcia Otavio Rocha Antonio moreira Institute of Technology Federal University of Para-UFPABelemPA 66075-110Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Para-IFPABelemPA 66093-020Brazil Department of manufacturing and materials Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinasSP 13083-860Brazil

In the present experimental investigation,Al–3 wt%Cu and Al–3 wt%Cu–0.5 wt%mg alloys castings are produced by a horizontal solidification technique with a view to examining the interrelationship among growth rate(GR),cooling rate(CR),secondary dendrite arm spacing(λ2),Vickers microhardness(HV),and corrosion behavior in a 0.5 m NaCl *** intermetallic phases of the as-solidified microstructures,that is,h-Al2Cu,S–Al2Cumg,and x-Al7Cu2 Fe,are subjected to a comprehensive characterization by using calculations provided by computational thermodynamics software,optical microscopy,and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive ***,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization tests have been applied to analyze the corrosion performance of samples of both alloys ***–Petch-type equations are proposed to represent the HV dependence onλ*** is shown that the addition of mg to the Al–Cu alloy has led to a considerable increase in HV;however,the Al–Cu binary alloy is shown to have lower corrosion current density(icorr)as well as higher polarization resistance as compared to the corresponding results of the Al–Cu–mg ternary alloy.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Solidification Dendritic microstructure Intermetallic phases microhardness Corrosion resistance

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Dexamethasone intravitreal implant(Ozurdex) in diabetic macular edema: real-world data versus clinical trials outcomes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第10期14卷 1571-1580页

作者： pedro Neves mário Ornelas Inês matias João Rodrigues margarida Santos marco Dutramedeiros David martins Department of Ophthalmology Centro Hospitalar de SetúbalSetúbal 2910-549Portugal Department of Ophthalmology Hospital BeatrizÂngeloLoures 2674-514Portugal Department of Ophthalmology Hospital da Luz SetúbalSetúbal 2900-722Portugal Department of Ophthalmology Centro Hospitalar Lisboa CentralFaculdade de Ciências MédicasNOVA University of LisbonLisbon 1990-237Portugal

AIm: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implants(Ozurdex?/DEX) in patients with diabetic macular edema(DmE) either na?ve or nonna?ve to anti-VEGF therapies who switched to DEX implant independent of response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factors(anti-VEGFs).mETHODS: This was an audit retrospective review of medical records of patients with DmE who switched to the DEX intravitreal implant. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients na?ve to antiangiogenic therapy and patients who were previously treated with anti-VEGFs. Data regarding demographics, changes in mean best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CmT), and intraocular pressure(IOP) was collected over 6 mo. The demographic data mean changes in BCVA, CmT, and IOP were compared. Six-month follow-up data of 47 patients(57 eyes), who either switched to DEX implant irrespective of response to previous treatments or were treatment na?ve before receiving DEX implant, was ***: Improvement in mean BCVA was observed from 1-4 mo after injection with a decreased effect at month 6 as expected, with better outcomes in na?ve compared to non-na?ve patients. A statistically relevant decrease in mean CmT was observed during the follow-up period. An increase in mean IOP was observed in the first 2 mo after DEX therapy. The mean number of injections of the overall population during the 6 mo was 1.3. A subgroup analysis showed no relevant difference between phakic versus pseudophakic patients relative to measured outcomes. There was no cataract progression during the follow-up period and no adverse events ***: This real-life setting study shows that intravitreal DEX implant is effective and safe. The timings of greater therapeutic impact are concordant with previous studies and suggest that earlier treatment with corticosteroids may have an additional benefit in na?ve patients.

关键词： anti-VEGF therapy diabetic macular edema dexamethasone intravitreal implant na?ve eyes steroids

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Altitude as environmental filtering influencing phylogenetic diversity and species richness of plants in tropical mountains

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Journal of mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 285-298页

作者： GALVÁN-CISNEROS Carlos m. VILLA pedro m. COELHO Alex J.P. CAmPOS Prímula V. mEIRA-NETO João A.A. Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants Departamento de Biologia VegetalUniversidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil Botany Gradute Program Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil

Elucidating how multiple factors affect biodiversity and plant community assembly is a central issue in ecology,especially in vulnerable ecosystems such as tropical *** studies are more relevant in global warming scenarios that induce the upward displacement of plant species towards reduced habitats and hostile environments in tropical *** study aimed to analyze how altitude affects taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in plant communities of tropical ***,we tested if(i)increased altitude works as an environmental filtering promoting decreased species richness,decreased phylogenetic diversity,and increased phylogenetic clustering in these tropical mountains;and if(ii)plant communities of high altitude in tropical mountains are also result of recent diversification with plant species recently split shortening phylogenetic distances between closest related *** tested effects of altitude on species richness and phylogenetic metrics using linear mixed-effects *** Haleakala presented 114 species,mount Kilimanjaro presented 231 species and mount Purace presented 280 *** found an environmental filtering effect with increasing altitude causing phylogenetic clustering,decreased phylogenetic diversity and decreased species *** decreasing phylogenetic distances between closest relatives are congruent with neo-endemics,suggesting recent plant diversification in high altitudes of tropical mountains,possibly driven by geographic isolation and environmental *** of global warming should be monitored in tropical mountains focusing on distribution shifts.

关键词： Tropical mountains Global warming Environmental filtering Phylogenetic ecology Assembly rules Conservation mountaintop vegetation

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A Common Peptidolytic mechanism for Targeting Peptide Degradation in mitochondria and Chloroplasts

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molecular Plant 2018年第2期11卷 342-345页

作者： Beata Kmiec Rui m.m. Branca monika W. murcha Janne Lehtio Elzbieta Glaser pedro F. Teixeira Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Stockholm University Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences 106 91 Stockholm Sweden Clinical Proteomics mass Spectrometry Department of Oncology-Pathology Science for Life Laboratory and Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia School of molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia

Dear Editor mitochondria are multifunctional organelles of eukaryotic cells. Biogenesis and functionality of mitochondria require the import of more than 90% of its resident proteins after synthesis by cytosolic ribos...

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Complexed amino acid minerals ***-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： marcos J.B.Santos maria C.m.m.Ludke Leandro m.Silva Carlos B.V.Rabello mércia R.barros Fabiano S.Costa Clariana S.Santos Jamille S.S.Wanderley Department of Animal Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil Department of Veterinary Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn,mn,and Cu)from complexed amino acid minerals(ZmCAA)and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZmCGly)in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality,yolk mineral deposition,intestinal morphometry,and bone *** 78 to 98 weeks of age,400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per *** were distributed in a 2×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn,mn,and Cu of ZmCAA or ZmCGly source at 2 levels:low(20,20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn,mn,and Cu,respectively)or high(40,40,and 7 mg/kg of Zn,mn,and Cu,respectively).The analysis of variance was performed,and in cases where differences were observed,the means were compared using Tukey?s test(Pmineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying *** fed ZmCAA had higher egg production(P=0.01),egg weight(P=0.02),egg mass(P=0.01),and lower feed conversion ratio(P=0.05)compared to those fed *** ZmCAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P=0.01),albumen weight(P=0.01),and eggshell thickness(Pmn(Pmetry(PmCAA *** the small intestine,ZmCAA resulted in longer villi(P=0.02)and shorter crypt depth(P=0.01)in the *** and ileum measurements were influenced by the level and source of trace minerals(PmCAA exhibited superior performance,egg quality,deposition of trace minerals in the egg yolk,and bone density compared to hens fed *** this study,older laying hens supplemented with ZmCAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates metal-amino acids Radiodensity Trace minerals

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CONSTANS alters the circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana

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molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1204-1220页

作者： pedro de los Reyes Gloria Serrano-Bueno Francisco J.Romero-Campero He Gao Jose m.Romero Federico Valverde Plant Development Group-Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientificasUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Universidad de SevillaSevilleSpain Department of Plant Developmental Biology Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCologneGermany Department of Plant Biochemistry and molecular Biology Universidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Plants are sessile organisms that have acquired highly plastic developmental strategies to adapt to the *** these processes,the floral transition is essential to ensure reproductive success and is finelyregulated by several internal andexternal genetic *** photoperiodic pathway,which controls plant response to day length,is one of the most important pathways controlling *** Arabidopsis photoperiodic flowering,CONSTANS(CO)is the central gene activating the expression of the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)in the leaves at the end of a long *** circadian clock strongly regulates Co ***,to date,no evidence has been reported regarding a feedbackloop from the photoperiod pathway back to the circadian *** transcriptional networks,we have identified relevant network motifs regulating the interplay between the circadian clock and the photoperiod *** expression,chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments,and phenotypic analysis allowed us to elucidate the role of Co over the circadian *** with altered cO expression showed a different internal clock period,measured by daily leaf rhythmic *** showed that co upregulates the expression of key genes related to the circadian clock,such as CCA1,LHY,PRR5,and Gl,at the end of a long day by bindingto specific sites on their ***,a high numberof PRR5-repressed target genes are upregulated by CO,and this could explain the phase transition promoted by *** CO-PRR5 complex interacts with the bZiP transcriptionfactor HY5andhelps to localize the complex in the promoters of clock *** together,our results indicate that there may be a feedback loop in which co communicates back to the circadian clock,providing seasonal information to the circadian system.

关键词： CONSTANS circadian clock photoperiod

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Pennsylvanian glacimarine sedimentation in the Cushamen Formation,western North Patagonian massif

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第2期9卷 485-504页

作者： Paulo marcos Daniel A.Gregori Leonardo Benedini mercedes barros Leonardo Strazzere Cecilia Pavón Pivetta Cátedra de Geofísica Departamento de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional del Sur and INGEOSURSan Juan 6708000 Bahía BlancaArgentina Cátedra de Geología Argentina Departamento de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional del Sur and INGEOSURSan Juan 6708000 Bahía BlancaArgentina Cátedra de Geología minera Departamento de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional del Sur and INGEOSURSan Juan 6708000 Bahía BlancaArgentina

The metasedimentary sequence of the Cushamen Formation in the western North Patagonian massif is540 m thick and comprises six sedimentary lithofacies associations related to a glacimarine *** of these lithofacies represent distal glacimarine environments, whereas another one was deposited in proximal glacimarine environments, and the last includes subglacial environments. The organization and configuration of these lithofacies associations represent the advance and retreat of the glacier masses. The maximum glacial advance is correlatable with the G2 glacial interval of the Pennsylvanian Pampa de Tepuel, Las Salinas and Valley Chico, formations of the Extraandean Chubut, and the southern part of Neuquen Cordillera. Contemporaneously, in southern Chile there are marine and glacimarine sediments. The chronostratigraphic relationships between the Silurian to Permian units allow five paleogeographic stages to be distinguished. The middle Silurian-late Devonian igneous rocks represent the first magmatic stage. The second stage, which is transitional to the first, is represented by a marine basin that includes the late Devonian-early Carboniferous Esquel and Rio Pescado formations and the Llanquihue Complex. The third stage(early-late Carboniferous) includes granitoids of the second magmatic event that partially overlapped the first magmatic igneous belt. The fourth stage belongs to the late Carboniferous sedimentation of the Cushamen and equivalent formations. The extended early Permian magmatism was the last Paleozoic event in the studied area.

关键词： Pennsylvanian Glacimarine sedimentation Cushamen Formation North Patagonian massif

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