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Investigation of Carbonation of Concrete Based on Crushed Sand and Admixtures

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第5期12卷 247-264页

作者： Jacques Herve Koung à Bediang Emmanuel Elat Assoua Moukete paul Djomou Djonga Michel Mbessa Laboratory of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Department of Civil Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics and Materials of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering CY Cergy Paris University Paris France Department of Textile and Leather Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Civil Engineering National Advanced School of Public Works National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Carbonation is a natural aging process that occurs in all types of concrete. One of its primary implications is the acceleration of steel corrosion caused by the phenomena of depassivation. The goal of this research is to investigate the carbonation of quarry sand-based concrete. The concrete is made of 100% crushed sand 0/6.3, gravel 8/15, and 15/25 from the Arab Contractor quarry in Nomayos, Cameroon, w.th CEM II B-P 42.5 R from CIMENCAM (Cimenteries du Cameroun). The study employed tw. admixtures: one w.th a dual superplasticizing and reducing action (Sikamen) and another w.th a w.ter-repellent effect (Sika liquid). Carbonation w.s performed on concrete samples at the follow.ng dates: 0, 7, 14, 28, 56, 90, 180 days, one year, and six months. Carbonated concrete (CC) and non-carbonated concrete (NCC) samples are compared in terms of their physical attributes and mineralogical characteristics. The results of this investigation reveal that after more than a year and six months of carbonation, porosity decreases and permeability increases. Despite the high fineness modulus of quarry sand, the compressive strength of quarry sand-based concrete is satisfactory. Carbonation depth is relatively high on some dates, exceeding the minimal cover value for concrete reinforcement. Sikament additive increases concrete compactness and durability w.ile decreasing permeability. Sika w.ter repellant mixes w.th the lime in cement to generate complimentary crystallizations that block the mortar’s capillaries, making it w.tertight.

关键词： Carbonation Concrete Crushed Sand Sikamant w.ter-Repellent

Uncovering the Challenges of Faecal Sludge Management in Benin’s Urban Hubs: The Cases of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第7期15卷 767-780页

作者： Nikita Topanou Blaise Agbatchi Gouvidé Jean Gbaguidi Jacques Fatombi Fidèle paul Tchobo Kaba Laboratory of Chemical Research and Application (LaKReCA) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology of Natitingou University of Abomey Natitingou Bnin Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied Chemistry Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi (LERCA/EPAC/UAC) Cotonou Bnin

The issue of faecal sludge management in developing countries remains a significant challenge due to the indiscriminate discharge of sludge into the environment. This practice generates more environmental problems than it solves. This study aims to assess the management of household faecal sludge in the communes of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou, Benin, in order to optimise the best storage conditions for subsequent more effective treatment. To this end, a sociological survey w.s conducted among households in Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou, as w.ll as among manual emptiers. The results of our studies revealed that tw. types of latrines are used in households. 20.55% of households use traditional latrines, w.ile 59.83% use ordinary latrines. 7.97% of households use both types of latrine. Moreover, the depth of the latrines varies from 2.5 m to 7 m in Abomey-Calavi and from 2.5 m to 8 m in Natitingou. Among households w.th a latrine, 28.26% empty their pit at least once, w.ile 71.74% have never emptied it. The emptying cost varies betw.en 35,000 FCFA and 90,000 FCFA. The mixing of faecal sludge w.th solid w.ste, including plastic materials, makes emptying difficult due to the obstruction of the vacuum pump. The results obtained w.ll serve as a reliable database to facilitate decision-making in the context of faecal sludge management.

关键词： Management Faecal Sludge Valorization Benin

德国卒中康复模式在中国老年卒中患者中的应用

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老年医学与保健 2024年第1期30卷 50-56,70页

作者：张弛桑贤明李艾莲王娜娜周文萍李学敏 paul w.Schonle 上海国际医学中心康复医学科上海201315

目的验证德国康复模式用于中国卒中康复人群的有效性。方法本研究为回顾性、非干预性单臂研究,纳入了2019年3月—2022年8月期间在上海国际医学中心康复医学科接受德国康复模式治疗的卒中后患者。使用三级康复评估体系评估患者的各项功能... 详细信息

目的验证德国康复模式用于中国卒中康复人群的有效性。方法本研究为回顾性、非干预性单臂研究,纳入了2019年3月—2022年8月期间在上海国际医学中心康复医学科接受德国康复模式治疗的卒中后患者。使用三级康复评估体系评估患者的各项功能,并根据早期Barthel指数(early barthel index,EBI)对患者进行分级,以对患者进行分类康复评估并制定康复方案。利用多种量表对患者治疗前后日常生活能力、疾病恢复情况、运动功能、语言功能、吞咽功能等进行评估。对纳入患者的人口学特征、卒中疾病情况、入院时的功能状况进行了描述性分析,连续性变量的描述性统计包括平均值、中位值、标准差、最大最小值等,分类变量的描述性统计包括计数、百分比等。患者的功能评估数据是纵向数据,包含患者在入院时、入院后每月或每周以及出院时的评估数据。对患者入院后每次的功能评估较基线(入院时)的功能评估变化进行了分析,包括每次功能评估的绝对值及标准差、自基线变化均值及标准差、以及出院时自基线变化的统计学检验(t-test)和95%置信区间。同时对患者每次评估数据的完整性进行了分析。结果81例患者纳入分析,年龄60~90岁,平均(70.7±7.1)岁。(1)日常生活能力:康复治疗后患者的EBI由治疗前的平均15.5上升至平均42.3,升高了172.3%(Pw.stern aphasia battery,w.B)评分在治疗后分别提升了14.2%(P=0.0163)、32.4%(P=0.0997);(5)吞咽功能:反复唾液吞咽测试(repetitive saliva sw.llow.ng test,RSST)由治疗前的平均0.8次/30 s提升至2.1次/30 s。结论德国康复模式用于中国卒中人群能够有效提升患者的日常生活能力、改善卒中后恢复情况、提高平衡功能及上下肢运动能力、改善语言障碍。

关键词：老年卒中康复德国模式中国

中国社会陌生人之间合作行为的变迁:基于社会困境研究的元分析(1999~2019)

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心理学报 2024年第9期56卷 1159-1175页

作者：苑明亮伍俊辉金淑娴林靓寇彧 paul A.M.Van Lange 安徽农业大学人文社会科学学院心理学系合肥230036 中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学心理学系北京100049 萨塞克斯大学心理学院英国布莱顿BN19RH 北京师范大学发展心理研究院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室心理学国家级实验教学示范中心(北京师范大学)北京100875 阿姆斯特丹自由大学脑与行为研究院实验与应用心理学系荷兰阿姆斯特丹1081BT

陌生人间的合作行为对于解决社会公共问题,应对世界百年未有之大变局意义重大。本研究采用横断历史元分析方法,基于1999~2019年间开展的254项使用社会困境范式测量我国陌生人间合作行为的研究(共302个合作率,29249名被试,平均年龄:18~28... 详细信息

陌生人间的合作行为对于解决社会公共问题,应对世界百年未有之大变局意义重大。本研究采用横断历史元分析方法,基于1999~2019年间开展的254项使用社会困境范式测量我国陌生人间合作行为的研究(共302个合作率,29249名被试,平均年龄:18~28岁),探讨了中国社会中合作行为的变迁及一些社会发展指标在其中的解释作用,并比较中美两国的合作行为变迁趋势。结果表明,中国人的合作行为水平随时间而上升,一些社会发展指标(人均国内生产总值、城市化率、高等教育水平、互联网普及率等)可能是其上升的社会变迁基础。中美两国合作行为表现出相似的上升趋势,但中国的在更短时间内有更大上升幅度。研究结果对提振民众信心具有重要意义。

关键词：合作行为社会资本社会困境横断历史元分析社会变迁

4-1BB transcriptomic expression patterns across malignancies:Implications for clinical trials of 4-1BB agonists

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Cancer Communications 2024年第10期44卷 1168-1172页

作者： Yuji Uehara Shumei Kato Daisuke Nishizaki Hirotaka Miyashita Suzanna Lee Mary K.Nesline Sarabjot Pabla Jeffrey M.Conroy paul DePietro Heidi Ko Jason K.Sicklick Razelle Kurzrock Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases CenterKomagome HospitalTokyoJapan Department of Precision Cancer Medicine Center for Innovative Cancer TreatmentTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoMoores Cancer CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUnited States Dartmouth Cancer Center Hematology and Medical OncologyLebanonNew HampshireUnited States Labcorp Oncology DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States OmniSeq Incorporation BuffaloNew YorkUnited States Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryCenter for Personalized Cancer TherapyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUnited States Medical College of w.sconsin Cancer Center and Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUnited States Department of Oncology Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer CenterMilwaukeeWisconsinUnited States Department of Oncology University of NebraskaOmahaNebraskaUnited States

4-1BB,a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily,is an important co-stimulatory molecule regulating the activity of immune cells across a range of physiological and pathological processes,w.ich culminates in a potent immune response(Figure 1A and B)[1,2].Numerous clinical trials have been conducted utilizing 4–1BB agonists(Supplemental Table S1);how.ver,previous and ongoing 4-1BB agonist trials are being conducted w.thout biomarker selection,w.ich potentially explains their modest ***,several studies suggest the potential value of utilizing transcriptomics in addition to genomics to identify the unique immunologic signature of individual tumors[3–7].

关键词： clinical utilizing Figure

Molecular Oxygen Abundance in Galactic Massive Star Formation Regions Based on Sw.S Observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 83-98页

作者： Bing-Ru w.ng Di Li paul F.Goldsmith Jingw.n w. Chao-w.i Tsai Donghui Quan Xia Zhang Junzhi w.ng Gary J.Melnick Jin-Zeng Li Gary A.Fuller Jinjin Xie National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Center for Astrophysics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK I.Physikalisches Institut University of CologneZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany

Molecular oxygen abundance is a key parameter in understanding the chemical netw.rk of the interstellar *** estimate the molecular oxygen column density and abundance for a sample of Galactic massive star formation regions based on observations from the Submillimiter w.ve Astronomy Satellite(Sw.S)*** obtained an averaged O_(2)spectrum based on this sample using the(Sw.S)survey data(O_(2),487.249 GHz,N=3-1,J=3-2).No emission or absorption feature is seen around the supposed central velocity w.th a total integration time of t_(total)=8.67×10^(3)hr and an rms noise per channel of 1.45 m *** a kinetic temperature T_(kin)=30 K,w. derive the 3σupper limit of the O_(2)column density to be 3.3×10^(15)cm^(-2),close to the low.st values reported in Galactic massive star formation regions in previous *** corresponding O_(2)abundance upper limit is6.7×10^(-8),low.r than all previous results based on Sw.S observations and is close to the low.st reported value in massive star formation *** a galactic scale,our statistical results confirm a generally low.O_(2)abundance for Galactic massive star formation *** abundance is also low.r than results reported in extragalactic sources.

关键词： ISM:molecules galaxies:abundances ISM:lines and bands Galaxy:abundances

Demonstrating grating-based phase-contrast imaging of laser-driven shock w.ves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 90-97页

作者： Leonard w.gert Stephan Schreiner Constantin Rauch Bruno Albertazzi paulina Bleuel Eric Frojdh Michel Koenig Veronika Ludw.g Artem SMartynenko Pascal Meyer Aldo Mozzanica Michael Müller paul Neumayer Markus Schneider Angelos Triantafyllidis Bernhard Zielbauer Gisela Anton Thilo Michel Stefan Funk Plasma Physics Department GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungPlanckstraBe 164291 DarmstadtGermany Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NurnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-StraBe 291058 ErlangenGermany LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitésEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91120 Palaiseau CedexFrance paul Scherrer Institut(Psi) Forschungsstrasse 1115232VilligenSwitzerland Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Microstructure TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Single-shot X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to take high-resolution images of laser-driven strong shock *** a tw.-grating Talbot interferometer,w. successfully acquire standard absorption,differential phase-contrast,and dark-field images of the shocked *** agreement is demonstrated betw.en experimental data and the results of tw.-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the laser-plasma *** main sources of image noise are identified through a thorough assessment of the interferometer’s *** acquired images demonstrate that grating-based phase-contrast imaging is a pow.rful diagnostic tool for high-energy-density *** addition,w. make a novel attempt at using the dark-field image as a signal modality of Talbot interferometry to identify the microstructure of a foam target.

关键词： interaction shock phase

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CCFM1269 promotes intestinal barrier and release of IFN-β through TLR4-TRIF dependent w.y in grow.ng mice

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Food Science and Human w.llness 2024年

作者： Mengfan Ding Bo Yang Bow.n Li Haiqin Chen Renqiang Yu R.paul Ross Catherine Stanton Shilong Jiang Jianxin Zhao w.i Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources， Jiangnan University Teagasc Food Research Centre Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division， Innovation Center， Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co.， Ltd. Department of Neonatology， w.xi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital， Affiliated w.men's Hospital of Jiangnan University National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food， Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health， Jiangnan University APC Microbiome Ireland， University College Cork

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis is a commensal bacterium that predominates in the infant gut， playing a critical role in both preventing foreign infections and facilitating immune development. This study aimed to explore the effects of B. longum subsp. infantis supplementation on interferon-beta (IFN-β) secretion and intestinal barrier improvement in grow.ng mice. Female and male mice w.re orally administered either saline or B. longum subsp. infantis CCFM1269 or I5TI (1 × 109CFU/mice per day， n = 8) from 1-w.ek-age until 3-， 4-， and 5-w.ek-age. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that CCFM1269 exhibited potential antiviral capacity through increasing 2’-5’ oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS). Additionally， CCFM1269 supplementation significantly increased colonic IFN-β levels w.ich combined w.th OAS in 3-w.ek-old female and male mice by activating the TLR4-TRIF-dependent signaling pathw.y. How.ver， this effect w.s not observed in 4- and 5-w.ek-old mice. Furthermore， both CCFM1269 w.re found to modulate the gut microbiota composition and enhance the intestinal barrier function in 3-， 4-， and 5-w.ek-old mice. In summary， the results of this study suggested that B. longum subsp. infantis CCFM1269 promoting intestinal barrier and releasing IFN-β in grow.ng mice w.s in a strain-specific and time-dependent manner.

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Experimental Investigation of the Small-scale Fixed Multi-chamber Ow. Device

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第5期34卷 408-421页

作者： Mohammad Shalby Ahmed Elhanafi paul walker David G.Dorrell Ahmad Salah Mohamed R.Gomaa Mohamed Behiri Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringAl-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMa’an 71111Jordan National Centre for Maritime Engineering and Hydrodynamics Australian Maritime CollegeUniversity of TasmaniaLauncestonTAS 7250Australia School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Systems University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of the WitwatersrandDurban 2000South Africa Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringAl Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMa’an 71111Jordan Mechanical Engineering Department Benha Faculty of EngineeringBenha UniversityBenha 13518Egypt 不详

Sea w.ve energy generators or converters(w.Cs)have the potential to become a viable technology for clean,renew.ble energy *** the w.C technologies,the oscillating w.ter columns(Ow.s)are the most common w.C devices *** have been studied and developed over many ***-chamber oscillating w.ter columns(MC-Ow.)have the potential to have a higher energy conversion w.en extracting energy in mixed sea states than single-chamber *** the w.rk reported in this paper,physical experiments are carried under regular w.ve conditions to test the w.ve pow.r extraction of a fixed MC-Ow. small-scale *** Pow.r Take-Off(PTO)of the device is simulated using orifice *** flow.characteristics through these orifices are pre-calibrated such that the extracted pow.r can be obtained only using the pressure *** condition effects on the damping of the PTO of the device pow.r extraction are *** test results illustrate that the PTO system damping is critical and affects device performance.

关键词： cean w.ve energy Energy conversion Oscillating w.ter column Multi-chamber Ow.