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The Seventh China-Japan Joint Symposium on Enzyme Engineering

作者： Kai Li Mani Subramanian paul swanson Joeseph Krebs Kevin Gray Toby Richardson Keith Kretz Dan Robertson The Dow Chemical Company

Commercial manufacture of propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin（epi） by chlorination and hydration of propylene,results in the production of 1,2,3-trichloropropane（TCP）,an undesirable side product,hi order to recover halohydrin from TCP and recycle into the epi process,a Rhodococcus rhodochrous slrain was isolated by cblorocarbon-enrichrnent technique.A haloalkane dehalogenase was purified from this bacteria which catalyzed the hydrolytic dehalogenation of TCP to dichlorohalohydrin（DCH）.However,the activity of mis enzyme was too low for recovery of DCH from TCP（turnover of 0.15/second）.In addition,the enzyme was competitively inhibited by *** different Directed Evolution methods were applied to the dehalogenase gene in order to improve the *** resulted in obtaining a thermostable enzyme as well as a 15-fold improvement of catalytic ***,biopanning of DNA-libraries from 576 different environmental samples（from tropical jungles,arid deserts,agricultural fields,contaminated waste sites,sediments from lakes,rivers,streams and marine environments） yielded25-full length and 27 partial *** analysis of the sequences revealed relationship spread across all seven known *** of the newly discovered genes were shown to have different properties such as:（a） Improved catalytic activity *** relative to the wild type enzyme（b）Activity against different analogs of TCP（c） Much reduced feedback inhibition by DCH and（d） Different *** of biopanning and Directed Evolution is a powerful tool for rapid discovery new genes and improvement of enzyme functions for production of industrial products from various starting materials.

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修剪菩提树 “批判佛教”的风暴

修剪菩提树 “批判佛教”的风暴

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2004年

作者：（美）杰米·霍巴德（Jamie Hubbard）（美）保罗·史万森（paul swanson）龚隽等译

该文集所收论文，包括了“批判佛教”代表人物直接阐发他们思想主题的重要文献，以及东方和西方佛教学者对这些主体的回应。

关键词：佛教

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The impact of burning on lion Panthera leo habitat choice in an African savanna

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 335-339页

作者： Stephanie EBY Anna MOSSER Ali swanson Craig PACKER Mark RITCHIE Department of Biology Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13210 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN 55108 USA Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N 1G 2W1

Camivores play a central role in ecosystem processes by exerting top-down control, while fire exerts bottom-up con- trol in ecosystems throughout the world, yet, little is known about how fire affects short-term carnivore distributions across the landscape. Through the use of a long-term data set we investigated the distribution of lions, during the daytime, in relation to burned areas in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. We found that lions avoid burned areas despite the fact that herbivores, their prey, are attracted to burned areas. Prey attraction, however, likely results from the reduction in cover caused by burning, that may thereby decrease lion hunting success. Lions also do not preferentially utilize the edges of burned areas over unburned areas de- spite the possibility that edges would combine the benefit of cover with proximity to abundant prey. Despite the fact that lions avoid burned areas, lion territory size and reproductive success were not affected by the proportion of the territory burned each year. Therefore, burning does not seem to reduce lion fitness perhaps because of the heterogeneity of burned areas across the landscape or because it is possible that when hunting at night lions visit burned areas despite their daytime avoidance of these ar- eas .

关键词： Fire Lions Savannas Habitat distribution Predator-prey interactions Protected area management

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Developmental environment contributes to rapid trait shifts among newly colonized subterranean habitats

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 808-820页

作者： Nathan E.swanson Andrew G.Gluesenkamp Alexandra E.Donny Suzanne E.McGaugh Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697-2525USA Center for Conservation and Research San Antonio ZooSan AntonioTexas 78212USA Ecology Evolutionand BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Recent colonization of extreme environments provides unique opportunities to study the early steps of adaptation and the potential for rapid convergent ***,phenotypic shifts during recent colonization may also be due to plasticity in response to changes in the rearing ***,we analyzed a suite of morphological and behavioral traits in paired surface,subterranean,and facultatively subterranean Mexican tetras(Astyanax mexicanus)from recent introductions in two separate watersheds outside of their native *** found a variety of phenotypic and behavioral shifts between subterranean and surface populations that are similar to those observed in relatively ancient populations in *** this rapid morphological divergence,we found that most of these trait differences were due to plasticity in response to rearing *** most trait assays in common-garden,lab-raised fish indicated that phenotypic shifts in wild fish were the result of plasticity,we also found evidence of genetic control in several traits present in subterranean ***,wall-following behavior,an important subterranean foraging behavior,was greater in lab-born subterranean fish than in lab-born surface fish,suggesting rapid divergence of this trait between subterranean and surface ***,this study sheds light on the early steps of subterranean evolution,identifies potential rapid behavioral evolution,and suggests that plasticity in traits involving exploratory behavior may facilitate subterranean colonization.

关键词： Plasticity Adaptation Subterranean Cavefish Evolution Common garden

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Analysis of Deformation in a High Entropy Alloy Using an Internal State Variable Model

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2017年第6期8卷 484-492页

作者： Aaron Stein paul S. Follansbee swanson School of Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Boyer School of Natural Sciences Mathematics and Computing Saint Vincent College Latrobe PA USA

Deformation in the model high entropy alloy CoCrFeMnNi is assessed using an internal state variable constitutive model. A remarkable property of these alloys is the extraordinarily high strain hardening rates they experience in the plastic region of the stress strain curve. Published stress-strain measurements over a range of temperatures are analyzed. Dislocation obstacle interactions and the observed high rate of strain hardening are characterized in terms of state variables and their evolution. A model that combines a short-range obstacle and a long-range obstacle is shown to match experimental measurements over a wide range of temperatures and grain sizes. The long-range obstacle is thought to represent interactions of dislocations with regions of incomplete mixing or partial segregation. Dynamic strain aging also is observed at higher temperatures. Comparisons with measurements in austenitic stainless steel show some common trends.

关键词： High Entropy Alloys Constitutive Modeling Strain-Hardening Deformation Dynamic Strain Aging

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