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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 327-334页

作者： Jean-paul Lallès Division of Human Nutrition Division INRA Clermont-Ferrand France Human Nutrition Research Center-West Nantes France

Growing evidence suggests the implication of the gut microbiota in various facets of health and disease. In this review, the focus is put on microbiota-host molecular cross-talk at the gut epithelial level with special emphasis on two defense systems： intestinal alkaline phosphatase（IAP） and inducible heat shock proteins（iHsPs）. Both IAP and iHsPs are induced by various microbial structural components（e.g. lipopolysaccharide, flagellin, CpG DNA motifs）,metabolites（e.g. n-butyrate） or secreted signal molecules（e.g., toxins, various peptides, polyphosphate）. IAP is produced in the small intestine and secreted into the lumen and in the interior milieu. It detoxifies microbial components by dephosphorylation and, therefore, down-regulates microbe-induced inflammation mainly by inhibiting NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathway in enterocytes. IAP gene expression and enzyme activity are influenced by the gut microbiota. Conversely, IAP controls gut microbiota composition both directly, and indirectly though the detoxification of pro-inflammatory free luminal adenosine triphosphate and inflammation inhibition. Inducible HsPs are expressed by gut epithelial cells in proportion to the microbial load along the gastro-intestinal tract. They are also induced by various microbial components, metabolites and secreted molecules. Whether iHsPs contribute to shape the gut microbiota is presently unknown. Both systems display strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties that are protective to the gut and the host. Importantly, epithelial gene expressions and protein concentrations of IAP and iHsPs can be stimulated by probiotics, prebiotics and a large variety of dietary components, including macronutrients（protein and amino acids, especially L-glutamine, fat, fiber）, and specific minerals（e.g. calcium）and vitamins（e.g. vitamins K1 and K2）. some food components（e.g. lectins, soybean proteins, various polyphenols） may inhibit or disturb these systems. The general cel ular and molecula

关键词： Diet Gut Inducible heat shock protein Inflammation Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Microbiota

Environmental threats to the Three Gorges Reservoir Region:Are mutagenic and genotoxic substances important?

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2015年第12期27卷 172-174页

作者： paul K.s.Lam state Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong

The Three Gorges Dam project（TGDP）,with a total static investment of 95.46 billion RMB（Us$10.97 billion）based on the 1993 price level,commenced in 1994 and was completed in *** creation of the Three Gorges Reservoir following the completion of the TGDP had brought about significant changes to the Three Gorges Reservoir Region（TGRR）,stretching from the town of sandouping in Hubei Province to the Jiangjin District of Chongqing *** TGDP has led to progressive urbanization and industrialization of the TGRR,accompanied by increased shipping activities,greater

关键词： Three Gorges Dam Persistent organic pollutants Yangtze River sediment Water

Development of FBMINC model for particle diffusion in fluids

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International Journal of sediment Research 2009年第4期24卷 439-454页

作者： paul s ADDIsION CardioDigital Ltd Elvingston Science Centre

An accurate particle tracking method using FBMINC (new fractional Brownian motion) is outlined. It generates non-Fickian diffusion rather than Fickian diffusion as traditional particle tracking model does. The FBMINC model is based on fractional Brownian motion (fBm) which is generalization of regular Brownian motion. The two models of fBms (FBM model and FBMINC model) were explored and the differences of the two models are compared from the three aspects: the standard deviation of each step, the small memory and the effect of the number of particles in the cloud. The results show the FBMINC model is a better model as it produces more accurate statistics. The effect of simple shear dispersion for both Brownian and fBm was investigated. The power law scaling of fBm shear dispersion was correctly identified. In addition, a scaling coefficient was found numerically. The FBMINC model is then used for producing both superdiffusive and subdiffusive particle paths, therefore, the non-Fickian diffusion of soil particle clouds can be modelled. The particle clouds represent soil contaminant are released in an idealised coastal bay and the fBm particle tracking method is used for simulation the particle cloud spreading in the bay. There is a noticeable increase in the spreading rate of the cloud. In addition, owning to the spreading rate of the cloud, a noticeable part of it has escaped the bay area and transported downstream. The variation of the Hurst exponent can lead to an area of the flow being affected by a contaminant cloud which is not picked up by the regular Brownian motion models. The purpose of this paper is to bring soil transport engineers a new angle on soil particle transport research in fluids. Using FBMINC particle tracking model allows more flexibility in simulation of diffusion in soil contaminant spread in coastal bay or ocean surface.

关键词： Random walk Fractional Brownian motion Particle tracking soil contaminant spread

Rock mechanical investigation of strata loading characteristics to assess caving and requirement of support resistance in a mechanized powered support longwall face

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2016年第6期26卷 1081-1087页

作者： Aveek Mangal P.s.paul Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad826004JharkhandIndia

Longwall mining is one of the most acclaimed and widely used in underground method for coal extraction. The interaction of powered supports with the roof is the key issue in strata mechanics of longwall mining. Controlled caving of rock mass is a prerequisite pro thriving exploitation of coal deposits by longwall retreat with caving technique and support resistance has evolved as the most promising and effective scientific tool to predict various aspects related to strata mechanics of such workings. Load density,height of caving block, distance of fractured zone ahead of the face, overhang of goaf and mechanical strength of the debris above and below the support base have been found to influence the magnitude of load on supports. Designing powered support has been attempted at the different countries in different methods. This paper reviews the mechanism of roof caving and the conventional approaches of caving behaviour and support resistance requirement in the context of major strata control experiences gained worldwide. The theoretical explanation of the mechanism of roof caving is still continuing with consistently improved understanding through growing field experiences in the larger domain of geo-mining conditions and state-of-art strata mechanics analysis and monitoring techniques.

关键词： Longwall mining Geo-mechanics Caving behaviour support resistance

A review on human influenza A H5N1 infections in Hong Kong

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science China(Life sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 412-418页

作者： CHAN paul K s Department of Microbiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong1/F Clinical Sciences BuildingPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative Region China

Avian influenza A H5N1 remains the most threatening virus that may cause another devastating pandemic in the foreseeable future. In 1997, Hong Kong was the first place to detect human infections due to this virus originated from birds. The experience and lessons learnt provide important information for controlling further outbreaks caused by avian influenza viruses.

关键词： Avian influenza H5N1 Hong Kong pandemic

Anisotropy in dynamic recrystallization behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3470-3484页

作者： s.M.Fatemi s.Kheyrabadi H.paul Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University136-16785 TehranIran Institute of Metallurgy and Materials science Polish Academy of Sciences(PAS)25 Reymonta Street30-059 KrakowPoland

Deformation behavior as well as microstructural evolutions of a rolled AZ31 magnesium alloy with and without pre-existing extension twins were studied using compression tests which performed along different orientations at a temperature range of 25–350 ℃. The results implied that the initial texture not only influence the evolution of flow stress, but also change the size and fraction of recrystallized *** contrast to samples parallel to rolling and transverse directions, compression along normal direction resulted in a respectful softening at 150 ℃. The largest size and fraction of new grains at 250 ℃ were recorded after deformation along rolling direction, while the maximum flow softening was observed during deformation along normal direction. The anisotropy in microstructural evolutions was still retained at 350 ℃. Pre-existing twins could reduce the anisotropy of material in respect of flow stress as well as DRX progression, where TD sample showed the lowest DRX fraction at 250 ℃. Quaternion misorientation data obtained from EBsD analysis of pretwinned material implied that initial texture could not significantly influence final texture. A different misorientation distribution was realized after deformation of pretwinned material along ND and RD directions.

关键词： slip Recrystallization Grain size Growth Twin

Testosterone and cardiovascular disease in men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第3期14卷 428-435,I0007页

作者： paul D Morris Kevin s Channer sheffield Teaching Hospital NHs Trust Sheffield S10 2JF UK

Despite regional variations in the prevalence of coronary artery disease （CAD）, men are consistently more at risk of developing and dying from CAD than women, and the gender-specific effects of sex hormones are implicated in this inequality. This ＇Perspectives＇ article reviews the current evidence regarding the cardiovascular effects of testosterone in men including an examination of the age-related decline in testosterone, the relationship between testosterone levels and coronary disease, coronary risk factors and mortality. We also review the vaso-active effects of testosterone, and discuss how these have been used in men with heart failure and angina. We discuss the ＇cause＇ versus ＇effect＇ controversy, regarding low testosterone levels in men with coronary heart disease, as well as concerns over the use of testosterone replacement therapy in middle aged and elderly men. The article concludes with a discussion regarding the future direction for work in this interesting area, including the relative merits of screening for, and treating hypogonadism with testosterone replacement therapy in men with heart disease.

关键词： atherosclerosis chronic heart failure ischaemic heart disease replacement therapy testosterone

Investigation of the role of personal factors on work injury in underground mines using structural equation modeling

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2013年第6期23卷 815-819页

作者： P.s.paul Department of Mining Engineering Indian School of Mines

Work injuries in mines are complex and generally characterized by several factors starting from personal to technical and technical to social *** this paper,investigation was made through the application of structural equation modeling to study the nature of relationships between the influencing/associating personal factors and work injury and their sequential relationships leading towards work injury occurrences in underground coal *** variables namely,rebelliousness,negative affectivity,job boredom,job dissatisfaction and work injury were considered in this *** were developed to quantify them through a questionnaire *** mine workers were randomly selected for the *** from 300 participants were used for the *** structural model of LIsREL was used to estimate the interrelationships amongst the *** case study results show that negative affectivity and job boredom induce more job dissatisfaction to the workers whereas risk taking attitude of the individual is positively influenced by job dissatisfaction as well as by rebelliousness characteristics of the ***,risk taking and job dissatisfaction are having positive significant direct relationship with work *** findings of this study clearly reveal that rebelliousness,negative affectivity and job boredom are the three key personal factors influencing work related injuries in mines that need to be addressed properly through effective safety programs.

关键词： structural equation modeling Mine safety Occupational health and safety Work injury

Progress in noncommutative function theory

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science China Mathematics 2011年第11期54卷 2275-2294页

作者： MUHLY paul s sOLEL Baruch Department of Mathematics University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242USA Department of Mathematics TechnionHaifa 32000Israel

In this expository paper,we describe the study of certain non-self-adjoint operator algebras,the Hardy algebras,and their representation *** view these algebras as algebras of (operator valued) functions on their spaces of *** will show that these spaces of representations can be parameterized as unit balls of certain W*-correspondences and the functions can be viewed as schur class operator functions on these *** will provide evidence to show that the elements in these (non commutative) Hardy algebras behave very much like bounded analytic functions and the study of these algebras should be viewed as noncommutative function theory.

关键词： Hardy algebras tensor algebras schur class representations W^*-correspondence